Month: August 2026

I have been working from the hypothesis for many years now that the infrastructure of the Old World across the surface of the Earth was part of a highly-advanced and highly-integrated free-energy generating grid that was deliberately destroyed, which in turn destroyed the surface of the Earth and created what we see in the world today and was not there previously.

It is my belief that the historic trolley amusement parks were originally part of that energy grid.

They were located at the end terminals of streetcar lines.

There are two definitions of terminal.

One is: “The end of a railroad or other transport route, or a station at such a point.”

The other is: “A point of connection for closing an electric circuit.”

The history we are told about streetcars and interurbans is inextricably tied to the history of these amusement parks, all of which for the most part were in existence for only a short-time before they were gone.

I have come to believe that originally these historic amusement parks were somehow involved with the original energy grid for the original civilization in a really fun way, and were utilized by the bringers-in of the world’s new system for a short time until they were no longer needed, or just plain inconvenient to the new narrative.

The free-energy grid was replaced as quickly as possible by forms of transportation that are dependent on non-renewable, and controllable, energy sources based on oil and gas, and the infrastructure of the original grid was removed as quickly as possible from physical existence and from our collective memory.

In my last series on the Great Lakes, I kept encountering and documenting historic trolley parks all along the shores of the Great Lakes.

I mean there were a lot of them! Not all were considered trolley parks, but most of them were.

These amusement parks are or were also in strange places, like on small tracts of land surrounded by water or wetlands, and often near areas with high-levels of environmental contamination and degradation.

In this post, I want to specifically talk about the ones I encountered along the shores of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie, as well as ones I found along the Hudson River in my blog post “Star Forts, Gone-Bye Trolley Parks and Lighthouses of New York’s Hudson River Valley & New York Bays” back in 2022.

Star Forts, Gone-Bye Trolley Parks and Lighthouses of New York’s Hudson River Valley & New York Bays

This in a nutshell is what we are told about them.

Trolley parks were said to have started in the United States in the 19th-century as picnic, recreation and entertainment areas at the ends of street car lines, and were precursors to amusement parks.

We are told the first U.S. roller coaster generally credited as the first successful commercial roller coaster was LaMarcus Adna Thompson’s Switchback Railway, which opened as a standalone attraction in 1884 in the West Brighton section of Coney Island in Brooklyn, and preceded Coney Island’s larger trolley amusement parks by a decade, and about which I will talk later in this post.

For a nickel, riders would climb a tower to board the large, bench-like passenger car, and were pushed-off to coast 600-feet, or 183-meters, down the track to another tower, and went about 6 miles/hour or 10 kilometers/hour.

At the top of the other tower, the large passenger car was switched to another track to return back, or “Switchback.”

The 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition, also known as the Chicago World’s Fair, popularized midways filled with concessions, and first introduced the Ferris Wheel to the world.

The early 20th-century was considered the “Golden Age of the American Amusement Park,” with hundreds of parks in the United States alone at the end-terminals of trolley lines.

The reason for their appearance that is given more often than not was the streetcar companies wanted people to use their systems on weekends when people weren’t commuting to work, so they built these “trolley” amusement parks at the end of their lines to attract customers.

By 1919, there were an estimated 1,500 to 2,000 such parks.

We are told many of these trolley parks disappeared for the given reasons of the Great Depression reducing disposable income and World War II due to disrupting leisure and construction, and that there was also growing competition from movie theaters, radio & television, shopping malls and bowling alleys.

The end result was that either economically the parks couldn’t compete and closed-down, or these parks burned down, allegedly to the inherent fire hazards of the wooden construction, electrical equipment, and combustible materials, like the Forest Park Highlands Amusement Resort that opened in St. Louis on a trolley line in 1896.

On July 19th of 1963, all of the Forest Park Highlands Amusement Resort was destroyed by fire except for the swimming pool and the frame of the roller coaster.

Others were just left to rot in place, like West View Park in Pittsburgh.

Of those estimated 1,500 to 2,000 original trolley parks, today there are about a dozen in the United States that are still in operation as amusement parks, with the trolleys long-gone, and we will see some of these in this post, including my starting point on Lake Ontario at the Seabreeze Amusement Park near Rochester, New York.

The presence of the Seabreeze Amusement Park caught my attention in Irondequoit near Rochester when I was looking on the New York-side of Lake Ontario, where I noticed it is sandwiched between Irondequoit Bay and Lake Ontario on a tiny spit of land.

The Seabreeze Amusement Park is an historic family amusement park in the Irondequoit suburb of Rochester that is the fourth-oldest operating amusement park in the United States, and the thirteenth-oldest in the world, having opened in 1879.

We are told that in the 1870s, the shore of Lake Ontario became a destination for tourists coming from Rochester, and that in 1879, the Rochester and Lake Ontario Railroad built a rail-line from Portland Avenue in Rochester to the Sea Breeze neighborhood at the inlet of Irondequoit Bay as its terminus, and subsequently opened a resort for picnics and other summer activities, which opened on August 5th of 1879.

The Rochester and Suburban Railway took over park operations after the Rochester and Lake Ontario Railroad went bankrupt.

The Rochester and Suburban Railway was a streetcar company, and while there continued to be a lot of ownership mergers and changes over the years, the Sea Breeze streetcar line was closed in 1936, we are told because of the Great Depression.

The Seabreeze Amusement Park is one of the relatively few trolley parks that managed to survive into the present-day, minus the trolleys and probably a lot of other things.

Going west along the south shore of Lake Ontario in New York State, we come to Fantasy Island on Grand Island, which is in an interesting location.

Interstate 190 and State Route 324 provide access to the Niagara Amusement Park and Splash World at Fantasy Island close to the center of Grand Island.

Grand Island is an island town with a population of 21,389 in the 2020 census, and is the third largest island in the State of New York.

It is in the middle of the Niagara River in-between Lakes Ontario and Erie, just above Niagara Falls and several historic power generating stations.

While we are told it is not considered an historic trolley park, it is still operating today as an amusement park over the years since it first opened as “Fantasy Island” in 1961, and has had numerous changes in ownership.

Today it retains its original aspects of being a theme park, and has been expanded over the years with rides and the water park aspects.

It is interesting to note that Love Canal is geographically quite close to Grand Island where this amusement park is located.

Love Canal, a neighborhood of Niagara Falls, New York, became infamous because of an environmental disaster first reported here in 1977 resulting from a highly toxic landfill.

Decades of dumping toxic chemicals harmed residents, from profound health effects to death.

We are told the area was cleaned up as a Superfund project over a 21-year-period.

Today, some parts of Love Canal are considered a neighborhood but that the area is primarily limited to commercial and industrial use.

The next place we come to going west along the south shore of Lake Ontario is Lakeside Park in Ontario, these days Port Dalhousie’s most popular beach.

Lakeside Park was an historic Trolley Park, serving as a major destination for the Niagara, St. Catharines and Thorold electric streetcar, part of the historic Niagara, St. Catharines and Toronto Railway (NS&T), which brought crowds to its amusements, dance halls and beaches from the early 1900s until service ended in 1951.

The Lakeside Park Carousel is the only remaining attraction at Lakeside Park today.

We are told the carousel was moved to Lakeside Park in Port Dalhousie from the Scarborough Beach Park in Toronto in 1921, and then it was moved from its first location in Lakeside Park to its current location between the beach and parking lot in the early 1980s.

Like the Seabreeze Amusement Park in Irondequoit, this historic amusement park location is also on a narrow spit of land, in this case in-between Lake Ontario and the Port Dalhousie Harbor.

The rest of the Lakeside Park Amusement Park was demolished in 1970.

This is the Lakeside Park that was mentioned in the Rush single by the same name from their third album, “Caress of Steel.”

The lyrics were written by band member Neal Peart, who grew up near there.

The Niagara, St. Catharines and Toronto Railroad was an interurban electric railway that operated from the late 1800s until it was dissolved in the 1960s.

It connected communities in the Niagara Region, with significant networks in St. Catharines and Niagara Falls, and between Port Dalhousie and Lakeside Park.

Interurbans were a type of electric railway with self-propelled rail-cars running between cities and towns in North America and Europe.

They were prevalent in North America starting in 1900, and by 1915, interurban railways in the United States were operating along, 15,500-miles, or 24,900-kilometers of track.

It was seen, however, as far more convenient, and cost-efficient to carry cargo by way of truck and other automobiles.

By 1930, most of the interurbans were gone, with a few surviving into the 1950s.

Interurbans functioned as streetcars between cities and were worldwide, and made to go away for the most part a long time ago.

Just a few remain in operation compared to what there once was, like this one on the Isle of Man in the United Kingdom, which is an interurban that connects the island’s capital Douglas with Laxey in the east and Ramsey in the north.

As you can see, the interurban is travelling on a track that is on top of a cliff or bluff that looks like sheared-off land, right next to the water’s edge.

Next, Grimsby Beach in Ontario.

Grimsby Beach is an historic neighborhood.

It was first the location of the Ontario Methodist Camp Meeting ground in 1846, and then in 1910, the land was purchased by a public relations man from Cleveland, Harry Wylie, who built carousels, a movie theater, and a figure-8 roller coaster

We are told the Canada Steamship company bought the park in 1916, but that the park’s popularity decreased because fires kept consuming its wooden buildings.

We are told that by the 1950s, the park’s attractions were all closed, and real estate developers bought the land.

The Hamilton, Grimsby, and Beamsville (HG & B)Electric Railway was said to be the first electric railway in Canada designed for interurban transportation, first starting in 1896.

Passengers could travel the 23-miles, or 37-kilometers, between Beamsville and Hamilton in a little over an hour, with a dozen stops in-between.

Its peak year was 1916, when the HG & B carried over a million passengers.

We are told the last HG & B train pulled into Beamsville in June of 1931 with the increased competition from cars and buses.

Grimsby is located at the eastern end of the Hamilton Census Metropolitan area.

There is a landmark on Google Earth marked “Hamilton: the Electric City,” located just to the west of Rosedale Park and Greenhill Bowl Park and just to the north of the King’s Forest Golf Course in Hamilton.

The landmark and plaque at this location commemorate Hamilton’s significant history with regards to the long-distance transmission of hydroelectric activity in Canada .

Decew Falls Generating Station No. 1 in the St. Catharines-area is the oldest continually-running hydroelectric power-generating station in Canada, said to have been built between 1897 and 1898, the year it started operating.

It was said to have been built by the Cataract Power Company to supply power to the electric street railway in Hamilton, 34-miles or 55-kilometers, to the west of St. Catharines, at high-voltage using three-phase and high-frequency, were unique features of this generating station.

The “Hamilton: the Electric City,” landmark and plaque is located on the Escarpment Rail-Trail, a multi-use trail that was an abandoned Canadian National (CN) Line.

The trail extends from above the Escarpment near Albion Falls to the lower city, following the CN right-of-way along the escarpment to Wentworth Street South, near the bottom of the Wentworth Stairs.

The trail continues through the lower city to Corktown Park, where it ends.

While not associated with an amusement park , Corktown Park is associated with Railway Lands and the Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo Railway (TH&B) that ran in southern Ontario from 1892 to 1987.

There were three significant historic amusement parks in the Hamilton-area in our historical narrative.

One was Maple Leaf Park in East Hamilton in what today is the Crown Park area, just a couple of blocks to the south of the city’s Bayfront Industrial Area.

The Bayfront Industrial Area is spread across the south-side of Hamilton Harbor and is the city’s largest industrial area.

The “Bayfront” is an almost 4,000-acre, or 1,607-hectare, mixed-industrial area next to some of Hamilton’s oldest neighborhoods.

The Bayfront Industrial Area is home to major steel producers and Canada’s largest Great Lakes Port with marine, rail and road connections.

It is also heavily-polluted, featuring a long-standing legacy of severe industrial contamination and toxic harbor sediments.

Maple Leaf Park opened on May 24th of 1909 as a “Coney Island-style” amusement park, and had a large “Figure 8” roller coaster.

Our historical narrative tells us it failed to attract customers and closed in 1910, after only a year.

The land the park was on was subsequently sold to real estate speculators.

Another historic amusement park here was the Wabasso Amusement Park in the Burlington/Hamilton area, and this amusement park was in operation from around 1918 to the mid-1940s.

It was renamed LaSalle Park in 1926.

Today’s LaSalle Park is a waterfront park that has a marina, walking trails, and an historic pavilion from 1917.

It is located on the north-side of Hamilton Harbor, directly across from the Bayfront Industrial area.

The third place with an historic amusement park here was what was called the Canal Amusement Park, or the “Beach Strip,” near the canal and old lighthouse on Hamilton Beach.

Hamilton Beach is right next to the Bayfront Industrial Area, on the east end of Hamilton Harbor.

We are told that in 1903, Mr. H. Knapman formed the Canadian Amusement Company, and opened the Canal Amusement Park, also known as the Burlington Beach Amusement Park, that operated here from 1903 to 1978, with such attractions over the years as boats, swings and slides, a fun house, carousels, ferris wheels, a roller coaster, and pony rides.

In our historical narrative, on May 24th of 1877, the first “Beach Train” rolled along the strip, the Hamilton and North Western Railway.

Electric Radial Service began on Beach Boulevard in 1905 via the Hamilton Radial Electric Railway, which was said to have been constructed starting in March of 1896, and by January 5th of 1929, all its operations had stopped.

At one time, the Hamilton Radial Electric Railway (HRER) network provided interurban service in the region.

Its parent company was the “Dominion Power and Transmission Company,” which formerly had been the Cataract Power Company of Hamilton, Ltd.

Further up the north shore of Lake Ontario from here, we come to the historic location of the Crowe’s Beach Resort in Humber Bay Park west of Toronto.

Humber Bay Park consists of two spits of land situated around the mouth of Mimico Creek and divided into Humber Bay Park West and Humber Bay Park East.

The spits of land that the park sits on were said to have been constructed using landfill from local construction projects.

Crowe’s Beach resort operated in the area from the 1870s until it was destroyed by fire in 1912.

The Wimbledon House Hotel first opened in the 1860s near the mouth of the Humber River, and the operation was taken over by Catherine Crowe in 1901.

At one time what became known as Crowe’s Beach, besides the hotel, had a pier with a ferry service; bicycle track; dance hall; carousel; and swing rides.

An interurban radial line was operated by the Toronto and Mimico Electric Railway and Light Company beginning in 1892 that was extended from Toronto to Port Credit, passing right through this location at the Humber Bay, and we are told it became an attractive place for businesses and people wanting to leave Toronto in the summer months.

This electric streetcar service ended after buses had completely replaced the radial service by the 1930s.

The next place I want to look into is Toronto, just to the east of here.

The first places of note are in the Toronto Islands.

The Toronto Islands are a chain of 15 small islands off of mainland Toronto right next to the downtown area.

There is still an operating amusement part there today.

It is the Centreville Amusement Park, a children’s amusement park on the Centre Island of the Toronto Islands.

The Centreville Amusement Park has been operated by the Beasley family since 1967.

Open during the summer season, the park’s buildings have a 1900s turn-of-the-century village theme, and rides including a miniature train, carousel, and ferris wheel among others.

What is described as the antique Ferris Wheel there is notable for looking like a windmill.

The Centreville Amusement Park replaced the Sunnyside Amusement Park which closed in 1955, as well as the Hanlan’s Point Amusement Park, which closed in the 1930s.

The Sunnyside Amusement Park operated from 1922 to 1955 on the Lake Ontario Waterfront at the foot of Roncesvalles Avenue, west of downtown Toronto.

It had attractions like a large roller coaster; several carousels, and an enormous bathing pavilion.

Sunnyside Amusement Park was demolished in 1955 to make room for the Metro Toronto Gardiner Expressway.

Hanlan’s Point Amusement Park was located on Hanlan’s Island, and was considered Canada’s answer to Coney Island in New York City.

It operated from the 1880s until the 1930s, and in its heyday, was one of Toronto’s major attractions, with a roller coaster, miniature train, midway, grandstand, a vaudeville theater, and other attractions.

We are told that what was left of the park was demolished in 1937 to make room for the Toronto City Airport.

We are told the construction of the Toronto City Airport, named after Billy Bishop, the Canadian World War I flying ace and World War II Air Marshall, was completed by 1939, which was the beginning of World War II, and that it had originally been conceived of as Toronto’s main airport, but that distinction ended up going to the Toronto Pearson International Airport.

Next I am going to look at the nearby Canadian National Exhibition grounds.

The Canadian National Exhibition is an annual agricultural and provincial fair that takes place every year starting on the 3rd Friday of August and leading up to and including Labor Day, the first Monday in September.

It is Canada’s largest annual community event with approximately 1.6-million visitors each year and one of the top fairs in North America.

We are told it started out as the Toronto Industrial Exhibition in 1879, which promoted agriculture and technology in the Toronto area.

The Princes’ Gates is the name given to a triumphal arch and monumental gateway at Exhibition Place and the eastern gateway of the Canadian National Exhibition.

The triumphal arch is flanked by colonnades on each side, and is altogether 350-feet, or 110-meters, -long.

It was said to have been constructed out of cement and stone between April and August of 1927, only taking four months to complete.

The structure was officially opened by Edward, Prince of Wales, and Prince George on August 30th of 1927, to coincide with the 60th Anniversary of Canadian Confederation.

The Queen’s Wharf Lighthouse is also in the area, said to be originally one of a pair of lighthouses built in 1861 at the Queen’s Wharf.

It is noteworthy that the Queen’s Wharf Lighthouse is contained within the “Fleet Loop,” a small Toronto Transit Commission streetcar loop on Fleet Street.

The “Fleet Loop” is a turning loop encircling the lighthouse used by two Toronto streetcar routes, the 509 Harbourfront and the 511 Bathurst, and connects to the Exhibition Loop.

Now I am going to head in the direction of a Toronto neighborhood known as The Beach, or The Beaches, where there were several historical amusement parks.

It is considered part of the old city of Toronto.

I found that the only pictorially documented amusement park here was the Scarboro Beach Park, which was in operation from 1907 until 1925, when apparently the owner of the park, the Toronto Railway Company, locked the gates to the property.

Eventually the Scarboro Beach Park property was sold to a company which removed the rides and buildings, and replaced the land with housing.

The Victoria Park Amusement Park, said to have been in operation from 1878 to 1906, would have been right about where the “x” is, at the intersection of Queen Street and Victoria Park Avenue, right next to the RC Harris Water Treatment Plant.

This megalithic stone wall runs parallel to Queen Street at the front-boundary of the RC Harris complex…

…with the Neville Street Loop for the Queen Street streetcar line, the eastern terminus of Toronto’s longest streetcar route, just off the northwest corner of the RC Harris complex.

The last place I am going to look at on Lake Ontario is Alexandra Park just to the east of Toronto in Oshawa.

We are told that Alexandra Park was established by local authorities in 1906 in order to provide a secure location for sports and recreation, a fairground and general town park.

The first big event held here in 1906 was the first Oshawa Fair, only a few weeks after the park was acquired.

Both the baseball and lacrosse teams won their first games in the brand new park, and it was expressed that they were the best athletic grounds of any city or town in the province.

Alexandra Park even had a historic speedway here.

It was a 1/2-mile, or almost 1-kilometer, dirt oval that was in operation from 1946 to 1952 for car and motorcycle racing.

The grandstand that was once here burned down in 1959.

The park today still has numerous recreational opportunities for people of all ages to enjoy, including tennis courts, a sports field and four baseball diamonds.

Now I am going to turn my attention to the historic amusement parks of Lake Erie.

The first place I am going to take you to see is the Midway State Park in Maple Springs near Jamestown, New York.

We are told it was established in 1898 by the Jamestown and Lake Erie Railway as a picnic ground.

Midway State Park is recognized as the 15th-oldest continually operating amusement park in the United States and the fifth-oldest remaining trolley park of thirteen still operating in the United States.

These days, park-goers can do things like ride on the vintage carousel; play a game of miniature golf; ride the tilt-a-whirl and go-karts; and there are kiddie rides for the children.

Jamestown had an electrified interurban railway, among several in the area.

The Jamestown, Westfield and Northwestern Railroad operated between 1914 and 1950, and was nicknamed the “Chautauqua Lake Route.”

It was used for passenger service, freight transfer to the Erie and New York Central Railroads, and service for factories in Jamestown.

Passenger service ended in 1947, and the line closed completely in 1950.

Jamestown also had streetcars, with horse-drawn streetcars appearing in 1884.

Electric streetcar service began in 1891, making Jamestown one of the earlier cities to electrify its streetcar system.

The Jamestown Street Railway service officially ended during the month of January in 1938, when the last streetcar routes were discontinued and replaced by buses, with interurban passenger service from Westfield continuing until 1947.

Jamestown was a railroad hub in the 19th and 20th-centuries, served primarily by the Erie Railroad, along with other railroads.

The Erie Railroad’s main-line ran through Jamestown, and connected New York City to Chicago.

The railroad carried passengers, mail and industrial freight, helping Jamestown grow into a regional manufacturing center, in particular furniture manufacturing.

Railroads still exist in the area, but primarily for freight, with the Western New York and Pennsylvania Short-Line Railroad operating freight transport on former Erie Railroad lines, and there is no Amtrak service in Jamestown, though bus links the city to Buffalo’s rail station.

Jamestown’s rail history reflects the broader story of American railroading that we have been seeing of rapid-growth in the 19th-century; peak influence in the early 20th-century, and decline in the years preceding and following World War II, in the 1930s and 1940s, again for given reasons like increased automobile ownership; expansion of bus service; and better roads and highways.

Next going west along the south shore of Lake Erie is Waldemeer Park & Water World in Erie, at the entrance to Presque Isle State Park and located on the Seaway Trail.

It is billed, like Midway State Park on Chautauqua Lake, as one of only thirteen of the original trolley parks still operating as an amusement park in the United States, though what we see today is not what it used to be!

Waldemeer Park was first leased as a trolley park in 1896 by the Erie Electric Motor Company, and is the fourth-oldest amusement park in Pennsylvania, and the tenth-oldest in the United States.

Waldemeer has operated continuously since then under different owners, but the trolleys of the park are long-gone.

There was also an historic trolley park south of Erie, Pennsylvania, at Aliquippa.

One of Pittsburgh’s first amusement parks, it was said to have been established sometime in the 1880s by the Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad as a way to bolster ridership, but by 1905 had fallen into disrepair, and the land was purchased by the “Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation” that year to construct the “Aliquippa Works.”

This newspaper article references Beaver Falls at the beginning about two skeletons of gigantic size that were found while workmen were “digging a ditch from the new shovel works to the river at Aliquippa.”

Beaver Falls and Aliquippa were on the Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad line.

The Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad was said to have been incorporated on April 1st of 1858, with operations starting in March of 1860.

It was an 83-mile, or 134-kilometer, -long railroad between Girard just west of Erie, and points south around the Pittsburgh area.

This is an excerpt from a book on the “History of Erie County.”

It makes reference to the following finds in “Chapter 5:”

“When the link of the Erie & Pittsburgh Railroad from the dock at Erie was in the process of construction, the laborers dug into a great mass of bones at the cross of the public road which runs by the rolling mill. From the promiscuous way in which they were thrown together, it is surmised that a terrible battle must of have taken place in the vicinity on some day so far distant that not even a tradition of the event has been preserved…” and that “…at a later date, when the roadway of the Philadelphia & Erie Road…was being widened, another deposit of bones was dug up and summarily disposed of as before. Among the skeletons was one of a giant….”

I find it interesting to note that giant skeletons were randomly found here.

I don’t think they were killed in a terrible battle.

I think they were buried wherever they happened to be at the time that a cataclysmic event involving the destruction of the original energy grid took place, and it wasn’t all that long ago.

Next, I am heading down to Conneaut Lake, Pennsylvania, where there was an historic trolley park.

The historic Exposition Park was founded there in 1892 by Colonel Frank Mantor, owner of the Conneaut Lake Exposition Company, with a stated purpose of being a permanent fairground and exposition for livestock, machinery, and industrial products.

Ownership of the park transferred to the railroad in 1901, and in 1907 trolley service was said to have been extended to the park.

Then the following year, in 1908, Many of the park’s original buildings were lost in a fire.

We are told that while arson was suspected as a cause of the fire at the time, it was never proven.

An amusement park at Conneaut Lake has existed under various ownership over the years, but as of the 2020s it is no longer a full-scale amusement park, but instead a partial event venue with remnants of the park.

Next I am going to move into the Cleveland, Ohio-area.

First stop, the Euclid Beach Park.

The Euclid Beach Park was located on the southern shore of Lake Erie in Cleveland’s Collinwood neighborhood.

It operated as a trolley amusement park until 1963 when daily streetcar service from Public Square ended, and continued as an amusement park until 1969 when it closed for good.

The Switchback Railway at Euclid Beach Park was another roller coaster attributed to LaMarcus Adna Thompson, who was credited with the previously seen Switchback Railway in the West Brighton section of Coney Island in 1884, which we are told was first successful commercial roller coaster.

The one at Euclid Beach Park was in operation from 1894 to 1904, at which time it was closed and subsequently demolished to make room for other rides.

Remnants of the Euclid Beach Park include the arched main gate, which still stands, and having been declared a Cleveland Landmark, it is protected from demolition.

It was moved in January of 2025 from the roadway to an adjacent lot to be made the centerpiece of a park.

Another remnant is a carousel that was sold at auction after the park closed in 1969 and moved to another park in Maine, but efforts were made to get it back, and it finally returned home to Cleveland in 2014 where it is at the Cleveland History Center in University Circle.

The Beachland Ballroom and Tavern is located near the location of the Euclid Beach Park.

It is a popular music venue and tavern that got its start in 1950 as the “Croatian Liberty Home,” a center for social activities for the local immigrant community, with the original structure including the ballroom and tavern, with more bar facilities added later.

The ballroom floor is a vintage, well-maintained, hardwood floor.

This location got my attention because I have had occasion to research historic dance halls with amazing hardwood floors that have long been demolished and replaced by housing.

Like the Cloudland Dance Hall in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Cloudland was used as a Ballroom and Dance Hall, and during the 40’s was especially popular in the local scene.

The viewer who told me about it said that the Cloudland hardwood dance floor was naturally-sprung, and when the dancers were pumping, the floor could bounce around nine inches, or 23-centimeters.

The Cloudland Ballroom and Dance Hall itself was demolished by a developer in November of 1982, and the Cloudland Apartments occupy the former location of this iconic landmark.

The Cleveland, Southwestern and Columbus Railway (CS&C) was the primary interurban line connecting Cleveland to Medina, Wooster, and Columbus.

It was a horse-drawn service from around 1870 to the 1890s, at which time it was electrified, and offered passenger and freight service until it was abandoned in 1931.

The Cleveland, Southwestern and Columbus interurban line serviced popular leisure spots like the Puritas Springs Park.

We are told the Puritas Springs Park was the first amusement park on the west-side of Cleveland, and that it was developed by the Cleveland, Berea, Elyria, & Oberlin Railway after it purchased land in the area and began to bottle and sell water from the local springs.

It was located on a deep ravine overlooking the Rocky River Valley, and had things like a carousel, the largest roller coaster in Cleveland, and daily shows featuring exotic animals.

The park closed in 1958, and the land was turned into a residential development.

Another historic amusement park in the Cleveland-area was in Chippewa Lake, a town directly on the Cleveland, Southwestern and Columbus interurban line, just past Medina.

In its hey-day, the interurban transported massive summer crowds – sometimes up to 40,000 passengers – for weekend getaways, dancing and recreation.

It featured roller coasters, a ballroom, games, and concerts.

We are told that the park was in operation from 1878 to 1978, when it closed because of declining attendance.

It was abandoned after it closed for 45-years, with many of the original rides left to deteriorate in place.

The famous grand ballroom and dance hall at Chippewa Lake Park was a premier regional musical destination from both the Big Band Era and early Rock-and-Roll Years.

It operated from 1922 until the park’s closure in 1978, and the structure burned-down in June of 2002.

Another famous interurban line that ran along the south-shore of Lake Erie was the Lake Shore Electric Railway that served the region from 1901 until 1938 and connected Cleveland to Toledo, Detroit and other points west.

Remnants of the interurban line can be found in what’s left of the Lake Shore Electric Railway trestle in the Huntington Beach Reservation just west of Cleveland.

There is also an historical marker at the Rotary Park in Vermilion, Ohio, commemorating the site where the Lake Shore Electric Railway crossed a bridge over the Vermilion River.

Known at one time as the “Greatest Electric Railway,” the Lake Shore Electric Railway along the southern shore of Lake Erie could reach speeds of 60-mph, or 97-kph.

The next place I would like to take a look at is the Cedar Point Amusement Park in Sandusky, Ohio.

We are told the Lake Shore Electric Railway played a major role in developing Cedar Point as a regional draw in the early 20^th-century, bringing passengers in for the day for the lake, beach, and early amusements.

Sandusky became a hub where rail passengers could transfer via steamboats or ferries to reach the Cedar Point Peninsula.

The Cedar Point Amusement Park was not called a classic trolley park in our narrative, in that it was not said to have been built or owned by a streetcar company, but that it instead evolved as a “trolley-park-style” destination, with the rail and streetcar connections from Sandusky making it easier for people coming for the day to visit, and offered picnic grounds, beaches and dances to encourage repeat visits and transportation use.

Just like we saw on Lake Ontario at the Seabreeze Amusement Park in Irondequoit, New York, and the Lakeside Amusement Park in Port Dalhousie, Ontario, the Cedar Park Amusement Park is on a narrow strip of land called the Cedar Point Peninsula, and is surrounded by water – Sandusky Bay to the west, Lake Erie to the east.

Cedar Point, one of the world’s most famous amusement parks, is particularly known for its large number of roller coaster rides, of which there are 18.

We are told Cedar Point was considered a testing ground for roller coaster technology, with many industry milestones achieved there like height, speeds and inversions that influenced parks around the world.

Cedar Point has been owned and operated by Six Flags since 2024.

First opening in 1870, Cedar Point is said to the second-oldest operating amusement park in the United States after Lake Compounce in Connecticut which first opened in 1846.

Cedar Point was said to have started out as a lakeside resort with a beer garden, dance hall, and bathhouse, but that by the 1890s it shifted to rides and entertainment, with its first roller coaster debuting in 1892, the Switchback Railway.

This Switchback Railway was said to have been built by the American Railway Coaster Company of Chicago.

It operated near the site of the Lakeside Pavilion for 8-years, until it was removed in 1900.

Next, Johnson’s Island.

It is located in Sandusky Harbor near Cedar Point Amusement Park.

Johnson’s Island was known historically for a couple of things, and I want to bring forward it being the location for the “Johnson’s Island Pleasure Resort.”

It was a recreational destination starting in the late 19th-century that operated between 1894 and 1906, shortly after its time as a Confederate Prisoner-of-War destination.

The resort featured pavilion entertainment, baseball park and grandstand, and fishing, but faced competition from Cedar Point and had a problem with fires, and was short-lived.

It eventually became a residential area and remains so to this day.

We are moving into the historic location of the “Great Black Swamp” in this part of Ohio.

The original Black Swamp was a huge 900,000-acre, or 364,200-hectare, wetland that once covered northwest Ohio, and the swampland was drained in the mid-to-late 19th-century.

Only a tiny fraction remains today at the 500-acre, or 202-hectare Black Swamp Preserve in Bowling Green, Ohio, a protected remnant of the historical swampland.

Bowling Green was also the location of another giant skeleton.

This newspaper clipping was from the Newark Advocate in 1902 describing a giant skeleton that was found in Bowling Green in northwestern Ohio that was over 8-feet, or 2.5-meters, -tall.

It is also interesting to note all the historic rail-lines that go through the same area as the Great Black Swamp in Northwest Ohio, circa this 1914 Ohio Public Utilities Commission Railroad map of Ohio, with Bowling Green where the giant skeleton was found circled in red.

The story that accompanies the existence of the railroads is that they were all constructed after the swamp land was drained, and that was what made the construction of the railroads possible.

But I continue to have serious doubts that railroads were constructed by the people who said they built them when they were said to have been built.

My belief falls along the lines that they were already there and being made serviceable once again after the swamp land was drained and/or reclaimed.

This area in western Lake Erie where the Great Black Swamp was historically located was also the location of several historic trolley parks.

The Willow Beach Amusement Park was located where Toledo’s Cullen Park is today.

The Willow Beach Park, which opened in 1929, was a haven for food, games, gambling, rides and entertainment at what was known as Point Place.

Setbacks to the park were said to have included the October 1929 stock market crash just months after the park opened in June of 1929…

…and a fire in 1932, and permanent park closure in 1947 due to a death on one of the rides.

This photo was taken by someone in 2006 to show what remains of the original amusement park today.

Located on the western shore of the Maumee River in Toledo, Cullen Park today is a public park known for its boat-launches and is an official stop on the “Lake Erie Birding Trail.”

The park is known for its long and narrow causeway that goes out toward Grassy Island that people hike for a variety of reasons, including bird-watching and sunset-viewing.

The causeway’s trail is described as uneven and muddy, with driftwood, poison ivy and flooding depending on the water-level.

Cullen Park is located in the Point Place neighborhood on the far north-side of Toledo.

Historically, Point Place was a place known for being a resort and amusement destination for Toledo residents during the streetcar and early automobile era from the late 1800s to the mid-1900s.

They would go to places like the Willow Beach Amusement Park; dance halls; and casino-style entertainment venues, like the Lake Erie Park and Casino.

The Lake Erie Park and Casino operated at today’s Bayview Park, and said to have been built in 1895.

It was a major entertainment and trolley destination in Toledo until it burned down in 1910.

Interesting to note that right across the Maumee Shipping Channel, from the highly-exclusive Point Place neighborhood where these places were located, is a heavily industrialized area, with the Harborview Yacht Club located on the east-side of the industrial area.

The industrial area at the entrance to the Maumee River is one of the historically most important shipping and heavy-industry zones on the Great Lakes.

The lower river and harbor area became lined with refineries, grain elevators, steel mills, power plants, and rail and shipping terminals.

There was an interurban line that went through this part of Ohio to Cleveland that was once part of the Lake Shore Electric Railway system.

The Lima-Toledo Railroad would combine with two other Ohio interurbans in 1929– the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton, and the Indiana, Columbus and Eastern.

This merge formed the 323-mile, or 520-kilometer, -long Cincinnati and Lake Erie Railroad, providing service from Toledo to Cincinnati.

Then the Great Depression hit the Cincinnati and Lake Erie Railroad hard, and this would soon bring an early end to operations.

With a collapsing national and local economy throughout the 1930s, things were headed for the worst.

It was seen as far more convenient, and cost-efficient to carry cargo by way of truck and other automobiles and by 1937, the Cincinnati and Lake Erie Railroad was no more.

There is an abandoned interurban bridge crossing the Maumee River in Waterville between Lucas and Wood counties.

It is an historic, concrete, multi-arch bridge, that was said to have been built in 1908.

We are told that at the time of its construction, and for some time thereafter, it was the world’s largest earth-filled, reinforced concrete bridge.

There was another historic amusement park just a short ways up the shore of Lake Erie from Toledo in Ohio, before you get to Monroe in Michigan, called Toledo Beach.

We are told the Toledo Light Rail and Power Company bought the Ottawa Beach Resort in 1907, and created the Toledo Beach Amusement Park, and an electric trolley service brought visitors from Ohio into the park.

The trolley also made stops at Lakeside, Lakewood, Allen’s Cove, and Luna Pier along the way to Toledo Beach, the end, also known as terminal, of the streetcar line.

We are told that the peak of the popularity of the Toledo Beach Park was in the early 1900s, and that attendance slowly declined after the electric interurban trolleys stopped running in 1927.

The Toledo Beach Park had its ups-and-downs over the years, having been shut down during hard economic times, until the amusement park was purchased in 1961 for the land on which the buyer wanted to build a marina.

We are told the former location of the Toledo Beach Amusement park was dredged, and the Safe Harbor Toledo Marina was built and opened in 1962.

This historic trolley park location was also on the lake shore.

The adjacent Allen’s Cove on what appears to be marshy land is an historical landmark and former stop along the electric interurban trolley line in LaSalle, Michigan.

It was described as dredged and transformed alongside the surrounding area and the Safe Harbor Toledo Beach Marina.

The next two places I want to talk about are in the Detroit area on the Detroit River – Riverview Park and Boblo Island.

First, Riverview Park.

Also known as Electric Park and Wolff’s Park, Riverview Park was located on East Jefferson Drive in Detroit, adjacent to the bridge to Belle Isle.

It opened in 1905 and grew into one of the Midwest’s best-known amusement parks with roller coasters, a Ferris wheel, dance halls, and midway attractions.

Originally a trolley park, the Electric Park in Detroit was at the end of three trolley lines, but we are told public transportation shifted to buses by the 1920s as trolleys were already becoming obsolete.

The 1920s saw legal battles not only over the ownership of the park, but also challenging its existence.

In 1927, the city of Detroit condemned many of the park’s structures as a blight, closing the park permanently.

Detroit’s Electric Park was levelled the following year, and became a new public park.

Next, popularly known as “Boblo Island,” Bois Blanc Island in Ontario, located in the Detroit River between the southern end of Grosse Ile in Michigan and the city of Amherstburg on the mainland in Ontario, was the location of a former amusement park.

The island is most famous for the Boblo Island Amusement Park on the southside of the island, which operated from 1898 to 1993

Visitors to the park would come via excursion steamships like the SS Columbia and the SS Ste. Claire from the Boblo docks in Detroit.

The SS Columbia was said to have been built in 1902 and the SS Ste. Claire in 1910.

They were said to have been designed by naval architect Francis E. Kirby.

Each ship spanned 208-feet, or 63-meters, in length, and 45-feet, or 14-meters, in width, and had a carrying capacity of 2,500 to 3,000 passengers.

The boats featured dance floors, concession stands, and polished woodwork.

We are told that regular steamship service ended when the park closed in 1991 due to rising costs and declining attendance, and were designated as National Historic Landmarks in 1992.

The SS Ste. Claire suffered damage in a severe fire during restoration efforts in Detroit, and the SS Columbia was moved first to New York, and later Ohio.

We are told that in the early years of the Boblo Island Amusement Park, Henry Ford financed a dance hall that was rumored to have been designed and built by the famous Detroit architect Albert Kahn, but then was determined to have been built by John Scott, another Detroit architect.

We are told the dance hall was the second-largest in the world, holding 5,000 dancers at full capacity.

To me, the Boblo Dance Hall has that airship hangar look to it.

The amusement park was left largely abandoned after its final closure in September of 1993, though parts of the property have since been redeveloped into a private upscale residential and waterfront community.

The park’s rides were sold off in 1994, leaving empty grounds, overgrown paths, and decaying historic structures like its famous dance pavilion.

Boblo Island is just a short-distance downriver from both Fighting Island and Hennepin Point.

Fighting Island is the largest Canadian Island in the Detroit River. and part of the town of LaSalle, Ontario.

In 1918, Fighting Island was purchased by John Ford of the Michigan Alkali Company, and was used as a location to deposit waste from their industrial plants, which produced soda ash, lye, and baking soda, and nearly 20,000,000-yards-squared, or 15,000,000-meters-squared, was dumped on the island in its industrial history, which ended in 1982.

The Michigan Alkali Company became the Wyandotte Chemicals Corporation, which was subsequently bought by BASF, a German Multinational company and the largest chemical producer in the world, who currently owns the island and we are told successfully removed the waste for proper disposal and rebuilt the natural habitat of the island.

BASF now manages Fighting Island as an ecological restoration and wildlife habitat area.

BASF operates a major chemical manufacturing facility across from Fighting Island in Wyandotte, Michigan.

It generates $1.9-billion in annual economic impact, and employs a significant portion of the region’s workforce.

Hennepin Point at the northern end of Grosse Ile was named after the 17th-century French explorer, Father Louis Hennepin, who was said to have travelled through the Great Lakes Region with the French explorer LaSalle in 1679 and that they explored the Detroit River region.

Father Hennepin is probably best-known for being credited with having been the first European to see the Niagara Falls.

Father Hennepin was a contemporary of the French Jesuit Father Jacques Marquette, who explored all over Lake Superior, Lake Michigan and Green Bay in our historical narrative.

Father Hennepin was said to have left written journals describing the wild animals and abundant fruit orchards of Grosse Ile.

Hennepin Point today is described as an uninhabited, 225-acre, or 91-hectare, section at the northern tip of Grosse Ile.

It is known for a mix of historic maritime landmarks, wetlands, and long-standing environmental contamination concerns, including, but not limited to, toxic mercury waste.

It is separated from the rest of Grosse Ile’s main island by a narrow canal.

The next place I want to mention here is Oxley Beach.

The Oxley Bluffs at Oxley Beach are described as a scenic stretch of elevated shoreline along the north shore of Lake Erie in the Hamlet of Oxley near Harrow in Ontario’s Essex County.

The bluffs rise 30 to 65-feet, or 10- to 20-meters above Lake Erie.

Oxley was a popular summer resort around the turn of the 20th-century, with many visitors arriving by rail from Detroit to Harrow, and would travel to the bluff overlooking Lake Erie to stay at places like the Ravine Hotel.

The rail-line that came through Harrow was originally the Lake Erie and Detroit River Railway.

It was said to have been founded by Whiskey-Baron Hiram Walker in 1885 to connect Walkerville in Windsor with southern Essex County.

Hiram Walker was a 19th-century American entrepreneur that established a whiskey-distillery that produced the top export whiskey Canadian Club in Windsor in 1890, in what was called a model community specifically for the distillery that became known as “Walkerville.”

There was also the interurban known the Windsor, Essex and Lake Shore Rapid Railway that was an historic 37-mile, or 60-kilometer, electric radial railway in southern Ontario, connecting cities in this region from Windsor to Leamington from 1907 to 1932, and was dismantled completely in 1935.

Seacliff Park in Leamington was created in 1907 and was one of southwestern Ontario’s popular summer destinations.

Visitors came to enjoy a boathouse and a bathhouse; a baseball diamond; a boardwalk connecting the waterfront and dock to the park; a large pavilion for dances, picnics, and community events; and a pavilion for concerts and performances.

The pavilion was one of the park’s best-known landmarks and was said to have been built in 1914, which would have been the first year of World War I.

It hosted dances, celebrations and gatherings for years before being demolished in the 1950s.

Today, Seacliff Beach is one of Essex County’s most popular public beaches, with recreational amenities and connections to Lake Erie’s Canadian Pelee Island.

Port Dover is the next place I am going to talk about.

These days Port Dover is an unincorporated community and former town.

It lost its independent town status when it was incorporated into the new city of Nanticoke in 1974.

For much of the 19th-century, however, Port Dover was an important commercial harbor for things like grain, lumber, coal, fish and passengers.

Important railways operated here like the Hamilton and Lake Erie Railway…

…and the Port Dover and Lake Huron Railway, one of the most important regional railways in southwestern Ontario during the late-19th-century.

It allowed Port Dover to develop into a busy shipping port and connected the agricultural Norfolk and Oxford counties to larger rail networks, and became the backbone of a rail-system that reached Lake Huron.

The South Norfolk Railway started operating in the county in 1889, an historic branch line that connected indirectly to the primary lake port network centered around Port Dover via the Port Dover and Lake Huron Railway.

The interurban that served Port Dover was the Lake Erie & Northern Railway (LE & N), and operated for passenger service between 1916 and 1955, with freight service continuing until 1961.

The route of the LE & N was Galt (now part of Cambridge) – Brantford – Simcoe – Port Dover.

It used 1,500-volt DC overhead, which was unusually high-voltage for a North American interurban, and it became famous as the “Dover Beach” train carrying thousands of vacationers to Lake Erie’s beaches in the summer months.

We are told that in 1921 alone, it carried over 600,000 passengers.

The Port Dover Beach had a seasonal waterfront midway area; a ferris wheel; bumper cars and skee-ball, and was anchored by the “Summer Garden,” a dance hall that operated between 1921 and 1979, hosting big bands and later musical events.

The last place I want to bring to your attention is the location of the former Crystal Beach Amusement Park on the north shore of Lake Erie, near Fort Erie, Ontario, and Buffalo, New York.

This was the location of the historic Crystal Beach Amusement Park.

It first opened in 1888 and was in operation until 1989.

In 1896, the Ontario Southern Railway began to provide a connection for a short-time between the park and the Grand Trunk Railway mainline rail station in Ridgeway.

The Ontario Southern Railway was described as a unique, 1.5-mile, or 2.5-kilometer, battery-powered and electric monorail and trolley line often described as an early interurban.

We are told overhead trolley wires were added in 1898, but that the line was dismantled the same year when the season ended because of “shifting wooden infrastructure, heavy maintenance, and low-ridership.”

Ferry service had connected the park with nearby Buffalo starting in the 1890s, and ferries like the SS Canadiana operated between Buffalo and Crystal Beach Park from 1910 to 1956.

The park was known for its innovative roller coasters, most notably the “Backety-Back Scenic Railway,” which was in operation from 1909 to 1926…

…the “Cyclone,” pictured here next to the “Crystal Ball Room,” and the “Cyclone” was in operation from 1927 to 1946…

…and the “Comet,” which was in operation at Crystal Beach from 1948 to 1989 when the amusement park closed.

It was subsequently relocated to “The Great Escape Fun Park” in Queensbury, New York, in 1994 and is still in operation today.

The Crystal Ball Room at Crystal Beach first opened in the spring of 1925 as the largest unobstructed dance hall in North America, which could hold up to 3,000 dancers on its gleaming wooden floor.

We are told it was built by George C. Hall Sr, and featured a unique cantilevered design with no interior support posts or beams.

It was a popular venue during the Big Band era.

Its fate was ultimately demolition after the Crystal Beach Amusement Park closed in 1989.

Now I am going to turn my attention to the historic amusement parks of the Hudson River Valley in New York State.

Between Fort Ingoldsby near Saratoga Springs and a cluster of three historic star forts at West Point, New York, there were four historic trolley parks – Kinderhook Lake Electric Park in Niverville; Kingston Point Amusement Park in Kingston; Woodcliff Pleasure Park in Poughkeepsie; and the Orange Lake Amusement Park in Newburgh.

First, Niverville.

Niverville is 68-miles, or 109-kilometers, south of Fort Ingoldsby on the Hudson River, where Electric Park was located on Kinderhook Lake.

The Electric Park there was described as the largest amusement park on the east coast between Manhattan and Montreal during its 16-year run from 1901 to 1917.

We are told this Electric Park was created by the Albany & Hudson Railroad Company in order to increase ridership on weekends.

The reasons given for the closure of the Electric Park of Niverville in 1917 was that the popularity of automobiles no longer restricted people to rails and river steamer transportation; World War I; and high insurance premiums due to the number of trolley parks that had burned down.

Next we come to Kingston, New York, where the historic Kingston Point Park was located, 106-miles, or 171-kilometers, south of Fort Ingoldsby.

Kingston Point Park was said to have been built by Samuel Coykendall, the wealthy owner of the Cornell Steamboat Company and Ulster and Delaware Railroad.

The stated purpose of the park was to serve as a steamboat landing for the Hudson River Day Line, and a place where trains and trolleys would take passengers into Kingston and the Catskill Mountains.

Kingston Point Park opened in 1896, and had a Ferris Wheel, Merry-go-Round, bandstand and boat rentals.

A fire in the 1920s destroyed most of the buildings.

All that remains today at the Kingston Point Rotary Park is a park-setting, beach, and trolley tracks.

We come to Poughkeepsie next, 121-miles, or 194-kilometers, south of Fort Ingoldsby, where the Woodcliff Pleasure Park operated from 1927 to 1941.

It was the home of the Blue Streak roller coaster, the highest and fastest roller coaster anywhere during its time, and one of the largest swimming pools in the country.

The Woodcliff Pleasure Park was said to fall on difficult times, and permanently closed in 1941.

The next historic trolley park we would have come to was the Orange Lake Amusement Park that was located 6-miles, or 10-kilometers, west of Newburgh, New York.

It was a place where people could enjoy fishing, boating, swimming and a pleasant walk.

The advent of the trolley line in 1886 was said to have increased the popularity of the park, leading it to become one of the most popular parks in the northeast.

We are told the president of the Central Hudson Steamship Company, former New York Governor Benjamin Barker O’Dell, Jr, and Board member of the Trolley Company, developed Orange Lake Park into a showcase, and added a roller skating rink, snack bars, a midway with games of chance, a Ferris Wheel and other rides, a beach for swimming, and boat rentals.

During the Great Depression, the Orange Lake Park was forced to close for a number of years.

It was eventually dismantled in 1941, and turned into a residential community with nothing of the amusement park remaining.

Fort Clinton at Stony Point is adjacent to Bear Mountain State Park.

Along with the variety of recreational opportunities to be found at Bear Mountain State Park, including biking, hiking, boating, picnic facilities, swimming, and winter activities like cross-country skiing and ice skating, other places of interest in the park include the Perkins Memorial Tower, said to have been built in 1934; Trailside Museum & Zoo; the Bear Mountain Inn; a merry-go-round; pool and skating rink.

With regards to the history of the park, this is what we are told.

In January of 1909, the State of New York purchased a 740-acre, or 300-hectare, tract of land at Bear Mountain, with plans to build Sing-Sing Prison there, but conservationists stopped the prison from being built.

Later that year, the newly-widowed Mary Averell Harriman, wife of Union Pacific Railroad President and American Financier Edward Henry Harriman who died in September of 1909, offered the state another 10,000 acres – and $1,000,000 – towards the creation of a state park.

American Progressive politician and businessman George W. Perkins, a partner in the J. P. Morgan Company and President of the Palisades Interstate Commission since 1900, with whom Mary Harriman had been working, managed to raise another $1.5-million from a dozen wealthy contributors, including John D. Rockefeller and J. P. Morgan.

The state matched the contributions with a $2.5-million appropriation, and Bear Mountain-Harriman State Park came into being in 1910.

Right away, a steamboat dock was built for excursions to the Bear Mountain State Park and the West Shore Railroad Station was built near the dock.

What was called a replica of Henry Hudson’s ship the “Half Moon” was said to have been built in 1912 and moored at the dock of the Bear Mountain State Park on the Hudson River.

Henry Hudson was credited in our historical narrative as being an English navigator and explorer during the early 17th-century, best known for his explorations of parts of the northeastern United States and Canada, and that

his ship, the Half Moon, travelled down the coast, from LaHave in Nova Scotia; to Cape Cod; to the Chesapeake Bay; to Delaware Bay; and the New York Bay and Hudson River which bears his name.

Shortly after leaving Fort Clinton at Stony Point on the Hudson River, we come to Buchanan, New York, the historic location of Indian Point Amusement Park.

Indian Point Amusement Park was said to have been created in 1923 on a former farm by the Hudson Day Line, the premier steamboat line on the Hudson River from the 1860s through the 1940s, as a recreational park for its passengers as a rival for the popular park at Bear Mountain.

The Indian Point Park had a cafeteria, picnic facilities, baseball diamonds, rides and games, dance hall, beer hall, miniature golf, swimming pool and speedboat rides.

The property backed up to the Croton and Mt. Kisco Reservoirs that provided water to New York City.

From 1923 to 1948, the Hudson Day Line operated Indian Point Park, at which time the park was closed.

It reopened in 1950 under new management and operated for a few more years until it closed in the mid-1950s and the property was purchased by Consolidated Edison Gas and Electric Company for the Nuclear Power Plant which opened in 1962…

…and which was in operation until April 30th of 2021 when Indian Point Energy Center was permanently closed.

Before its closure, the two reactors there provided an estimated 25% of New York City’s electrical power usage.

The Rockefeller Estate Kykuit is located roughly in-between Indian Point and Fort George in Upper Manhattan’s Washington Heights.

Situated on the highest point in neighboring Pocantino Hills, the Rockefeller Estate was said to have been completed in 1913 in the Neo-Georgian Classical Revival architectural-style.

The 40-room mansion was said to have been conceived by John D. Rockefeller Jr. and built for oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller Sr. and was the home of four-generations of Rockefellers.

It has been open to the public for guided tours since 1994.

It has two basement-levels with interconnecting passageways and service tunnels, which include galleries housing their art collection of Picassos, Warhols, Chagalls and other modern masterpieces.

John D. Rockefeller Sr., along with Henry Flagler, an American Industrialist and major developer in the state of Florida, founded the Standard Oil Company in 1870, an American oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company.

This was roughly a decade after the birth of the American Oil Industry in Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859.

John D. Rockefeller Sr. was born in the United States in 1839, and was the progenitor of the wealthy Rockefeller family.

He was considered to be the wealthiest American of all time, as seen in this #1 ranking by CNN Business.

Rockefeller’s wealth soared as kerosene and gasoline grew in importance.

At his peak, he controlled 90% of all oil.

It would seem that as quickly as possible, a way was found by the Earth’s new Controllers to replace what remained of the original free-energy grid system, which I believe included lighthouses, railroads and bridges, with their own coal- and oil-based system, and in the process make money hand over fist from the total control of the new system.

Next I am going to take a look at Fort George in the neighborhood of Upper Manhattan called “Washington Heights.”

Fort George was said to have been built in 1776 on Fort George Hill near the intersection of Audubon Avenue and 192nd Street.

The historic Fort George Trolley Park operated here from 1895 to 1914.

Fort George was located at the end of the Third Avenue Trolley Line, and was said to have been developed as a Trolley Park starting in 1894 in order to give people a reason to use their trolley services at the end of their lines on the weekends and draw the residents of Manhattan to the riverside neighborhood for summer recreation.

The park’s attractions included things like rides, saloons, casinos, the Harlem River Speedway, and vaudeville shows.

While the park prospered for years, but we are told that local residents began to petition for its closure in 1910 as benefits to the local economy faded, and the neighborhood suffered from social problems stemming from the park, like public drunkenness and high crime.

There was a suspicious fire on the property in 1911, but repairs were made and the park reopened.

Then in 1913, another suspicious fire devastated the park, and after this one, the property was condemned and the land of the former trolley park was incorporated into Highbridge Park.

Palisades Amusement Park was across the Hudson River in Cliffside, New Jersey, adjacent to Fort Lee.

This trolley park was in operation from 1898 until its closure in 1971.

We are told that in 1898, the Bergen County Traction Company trolley operator originally conceived of the Park to attract evening and weekend riders for its service.

Over the years, and under different owners at different times, from the trolley park-era to the coming of cars and buses, the Palisades Amusement Park was one of the most visited in the country.

The pool at Palisades Park was said to have been built in 1912, and was the largest outdoor saltwater pool in the country.

The Cyclone roller coasters were a highlight for visitors.

The first Cyclone was in operation from 1927-1934, and we are told it was built near the edge of the park’s rocky cliffs due to limited space and uneven terrain.

It has been called the scariest roller coaster ever built, and was known for being excessively rough with tight spiral turns and rapid undulations.

It was removed following maintenance troubles and track damage from a 1934 fire in the park.

The second Cyclone roller coaster was in operation from 1945 to 1971.

We are told it was built from the surviving structure of the earlier Skyrocket roller coaster after a major fire in 1944.

The Cyclone coaster itself was demolished in 1972 after the park closed in 1971, and its cars were sold and moved to Williams Grove Amusement Park in Pennsylvania.

The Palisade Line was the electric streetcar line that travelled from the Edgewater Ferry Plaza on the Hudson River waterfront up the cliffs to the Palisades Amusement Park.

It originated at the transportation terminal in Hoboken, New Jersey, and provided elevated trolley service from 1886 until 1949.

One of the New York area’s major transportation hubs, the terminal at Hoboken in New Jersey was said to have been constructed by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad in 1907, and combined railroad, ferry, subway, streetcar and pedestrian services.

We are told that numerous electric streetcar lines originated and ended at the station until the completion of “Bustitution” in August of 1949, at which time they were replaced by buses.

We are told that three main factors contributed to the park’s closure in 1971 – inadequate parking facilities; growing uncertainty about the park’s future; and an increase in the number of visitors who were injured or killed.

The land subsequently was sold to real estate developers.

While four high-rise luxury apartments now stand where the amusement park was located, it is interesting to note there are still old stone ruins on the former park’s grounds.

The 1962 hit song “Palisades Park” was written by Chuck Barris and recorded by Freddy Cannon.

In the song, the singer takes a walk after dark, where he discovers Palisades Park, where he meets and falls in love with a girl.

Among the rides and attractions named in the song are: Shoot the Chute; Rocket Ship; Roller Coaster; Loop the Loop; Merry-Go-Round; Tunnel of Love; and the Ferris Wheel.

The next places I want to talk about were the three historic trolley parks on Coney Island in Brooklyn.

While they were not directly on the Hudson River, they are several miles to the southeast of where the Hudson River empties into the Upper New York Bay.

This is what we are told about Steeplechase Park, Luna Park and Dreamland.

Steeplechase Park was created by entrepreneur George Tilyou in 1897.

He bought and improved the Steeplechase Horses attraction, which featured mechanical horses pulled along metal tracks.

The owner George Tilyou adopted a “Funny Face” mascot depicting a smiling man with several dozen teeth, nicknamed “the Tilly,” as the icon for his park.

The entrance to Steeplechase Park had a grand archway and the park included over 50 attractions on its midway alone.

Tilyou was said to have been inspired to build a Ferris Wheel after having seen the one at the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair on his honeymoon.

In Steeplechase Park’s history between its opening in 1897 and closing in 1964, there were things like fires, rebuilding, rides added, and so on.

The land of the former amusement park today is Maimonades Park, the location of a minor league baseball stadium…

…and the only remaining structure from Steeplechase Park is the defunct Parachute Jump.

Luna Park at Coney Island opened in 1903.

It was said to have replaced Sea Lion Park that was operated by a man named Paul Boyton between 1895 and 1902, the first enclosed and permanent amusement park in North America.

He was credited with being the first person to pay an admission fee to a large enclosed area containing multiple amusement rides and activities.

The so-named Captain Paul Boyton was a world-famous back in the day aquatic daredevil and showman who travelled the world’s rivers in an inflatable rubber suit.

The Flip Flap Railroad mentioned at the bottom of this image of Sea Lion Park…

…was said to be the first looping roller coaster.

Paul Boyton’s remaining long-term lease on the park was bought up starting on October 1st of 1902 by Frederic Thompson and Elmer “Skip” Dundy.

Thompson and Dundy were invited to the Steeplechase Park by George Tilyou for the 1902 Season.

They were known for their ride called “A Trip to the Moon” that was at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition that was held in Buffalo, New York.

The name of the fanciful airship that was the main part of the “A Trip to the Moon” ride was “Luna,” the Latin word for “moon’ for which, we are told, Luna Park in Coney Island was built around.

Interesting to note that there were, and still are, amusement parks named Luna Park all over the world, including Shiraz, Iran, and Ankara, Turkey.

We are told the architectural-style of Luna Park in Coney Island was an oriental theme, with over 1,000 red and white painted spires, minarets, and domes on buildings constructed on a grand scale.

All the domes, spires, and towers were lit-up at night with hundreds of thousands of incandescent lights.

In the middle of the lake at the center of the park was a 200-foot, or 61-meter, tall Electric Tower that was decorated with 20,000 incandescent lamps, said to be a smaller version of the Electric Tower featured in the 1901 Pan American Exposition in Buffalo.

Luna Park was accessible from Culver Depot, the terminals of the West End and Sea Beach Streetcar and Railroad lines.

Besides a multitude of rides, attractions at Luna Park included infant incubators, described as a new type of infant care where infant incubators containing premature babies were displayed in shows called “Infantoriums.

They were touted as “neonatal healthcare,” helping newborn babies with compromised immune systems by providing a sanitary environment to reduce the possibility of getting an infection.

Infant incubators for premature babies became widely available at fairs and amusement parks across America, rather than hospitals, which we are told, had nothing to help them.

What we are told is that many parents of premature, at-risk babies pretty much had to bring their infants to a side-show infantorium at an amusement park or fair, and that these infant shows were the main source of healthcare for premature babies for over forty years. 

Over the years, Luna Park would continue under different management, with constant changes.

The end of Luna Park came with two fires in 1944, one in August and one in October, which destroyed the park, and in 1946, the whole park was demolished.

There has been a Luna Park operating near the original location since 2010 that has no connection to the 1903 park.

Dreamland was the third and last of the three original parks said to have been built on Coney Island in the early 20th-century.

Dreamland was said to have been founded by successful Brooklyn real estate developer and former State Senator William H. Reynolds as a refined and elegant competitor to the chaotic noise of Luna Park, and opened in May of 1904.

The location of Dreamland was near the West Eighth Street subway station opposite Culver Depot.

Everything at Dreamland was touted to be bigger than Luna Park, including the larger Electric Tower, and four times as many incandescent lights than Luna Park.

Besides having high-class entertainment, morality plays, and rides, Dreamland had human zoos featuring dwarf inhabitants in what was called “Midget City…”

…a Somali Village…

…and a Filipino Village.

Like Luna Park, Dreamland also had an infant incubator sideshow attraction.

Dreamland’s life on Coney Island was ended only 7-years after opening.

On May 27th of 1911, a fire started at the Hell Gate attraction the night before the season’s opening day, and spread quickly, completely destroying the park by morning.

Coney Island was also one of the places that had a permanent exhibit about the Johnstown Flood, which was located across from Steeplechase Park.

It was originally at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, and we are told was moved to Coney Island by the owners after that came to an end.

The show was a cyclorama, which involved a series of different scenes being reenacted, each with a different large, panoramic backdrop painting to make the audience feel immersed in the scene, and actually used large amounts of water and steam to reenact the flood.

Here’s the back-story of the Johnstown Flood, the details of which are easily available to find on-line AND leads me to the conclusion that the 1889 Johnstown Flood was deliberately caused.

The famous Johnstown Flood on May 31st of 1889, the worst flood in the United States in the 19th-century, was caused by the catastrophic failure of the South Fork Dam, and was the second major disaster the American Red Cross responded to, after the Michigan Thumb Fire, which started on September 5th of 1881, with hurricane-force winds and hot and dry conditions this was less than four months after the establishment of the American Red Cross in May of 1881.

John D. Rockefeller was amongst several that donated to create a national headquarters for the American Red Cross near the White House in Washington, DC, said to have been built between 1915 and 1917.

In 1881, speculators had bought the abandoned South Fork dam and reservoir and built a clubhouse called the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club and cottages, turning it into an exclusive retreat for 61 steel and coal financiers from Pittsburgh, including Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, Andrew Mellon, Philander Knox, John Leishman, and Daniel Johnson Morrell.

The South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club was a Pennsylvania Corporation and owned the South Fork Dam.

Henry Clay Frick was a founding member of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club, and was actually said to have been largely responsible for the alterations to the South Fork Dam that led to its failure.

What we are told is that the South Fork Dam failed after days of unusually heavy rain, and 14.3-million-tons of water from the reservoir of Lake Conemaugh devastated the South Fork Valley, including Johnstown 12-miles, or 19-kilometers, downstream from the dam, killing an estimated 2,209 people and causing $17-million in damages in 1889, which would be $490-million in 2020.

Though there were years of claims and litigation, the elite and wealthy members of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club were never found liable for damages.

In 1904, the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club corporation was disbanded and assets sold at a public auction by the sheriff, and there were permanent exhibits in many places, like Atlantic City in addition to Coney Island, depicting the horrors of the Johnstown Flood experience for public consumption, billed as a “Thrilling Account of the awful floods and their appalling ruin.”

I believe the things I’ve shared here like the World Exhibitions & Expositions as well as the permanent expositions, like those in Coney Island with the Human Zoos and the Johnstown Flood Cyclorama, and the example of the replica of Hudson’s “Half-Moon” moored at Bear Mountain State Park, were all part of how the new narrative was shaped and seeded into the collective consciousness.

There are two definitions of the word exposition.

One is a device used to give background information to the audience about the setting and characters of the story.

Exposition is used in television programs, movies, literature, plays and even music.

What better way to tell your audience the story you want them to believe than the other definition of exposition, a large exhibition of art or trade goods.

Besides his significant presence on the Hudson River in New York, John D. Rockefeller also had a significant presence on Lake Erie in Cleveland, Ohio.

Cleveland was where John D. Rockefeller founded Standard Oil in 1870, which transformed the city into a major oil refining hub.

Cleveland became one of America’s key manufacturing centers in the late 18th- and early 19th-centuries.

Where it was located on Lake Erie made it perfect for shipping raw materials like iron ore and coal, and oil-refining and steel- and machinery-manufacturing boomed here.

The Rockefeller Mansion in Cleveland was located at Euclid Avenue and East 40th Street, that he was said to have purchased in 1868 and where his children were born.

This mansion on Euclid Avenue was demolished in 1938, and where it was located is now part of an inter-belt highway.

The years between 1873 and the 1930s were known as Cleveland’s Gilded Age, when nearly half of the world’s millionaires lived in Cleveland. 

Euclid Avenue was known as Millionaires’ Row, and it was home to some of the nation’s most powerful industrialists, including John D. Rockefeller and Samuel Mather, a co-founder of Pickands Mather and Company, the shipping and iron mining company.

The Rockefeller Obelisk is also in the Lake View Cemetery, which is on Euclid Avenue.

It is an almost 70-feet, or 21-meters, -high obelisk and marks the final resting place of John D. Rockefeller, along with his wife and mother.

Rockefeller Park is the largest park within city limits and was first opened to the public in 1897, and named in honor of Standard Oil magnate John D. Rockefeller, who donated land for the park.

The Rockefeller Building was said to have been built between 1903 and 1905 at the corner of West 6th and Superior Avenue, and has displayed the Rockefeller name on the side of the building since it was built.

As we have already seen, John D. Rockefeller’s companies were instrumental in turning Cleveland into an industrial powerhouse.

The location in Cleveland where John D. Rockefeller established Standard Oil in 1870 is a heavily industrialized district along the banks of the Cuyahoga River south of downtown Cleveland called “Industrial Valley.”

It is a hub for heavy industry, which includes, besides the Cleveland Cliffs steel manufacturer, chemical manufacturers, petroleum terminals, and scrap metal recycling centers.

The intense industrial use of the Cuyahoga River caused extreme pollution, and the river caught fire thirteen times in our history between 1868 and 1969.

The 1969 fire on the Cuyahoga River led to the creation of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and the passage of the Clean Water Act in 1972 which mandated industrial pollution control and provided investments for modernizing sewage infrastructure.

In today’s world, the Cuyahoga River has shifted to a center for recreation and tourism, though it is still a working waterway for large freighters to transport raw materials to the factories that remain.

In summary, I believe that the circuit board of the Earth’s original free-energy grid system was destroyed in a deliberately-caused cataclysm relatively recently, and that these historic trolley parks were once part of that energy grid.

This cataclysm caused the entire surface of the Earth to undulate and buckle around key infrastructure of the energy grid, creating what we see on the surface of the Earth today – the swamps, marshes, bogs, deserts, dunes, and places where it appears land masses sheared-off and submerged under the bodies of water we see today.

Those behind the destruction of the Old World were shovel-ready to dig enough of the original infrastructure out of the ruined Earth so they could be used and civilization restarted, which I think started in earnest in the mid-to-late 1700s and early 1800s, and that the Crystal Palace Exhibition in London in 1851 was the official kick-off to the New World Order timeline.

They only used the pre-existing infrastructure until they developed replacement fuel sources that were extracted from the original grid to bring everything back on-line as quickly as possible.

These replacement fuel sources, and the new cars and buses that replaced the city streetcars and electric interurban systems, could be monetized and controlled by them and they became incredibly wealthy.

Then, when what remained of the original infrastructure was no longer useful to them, or inconvenient to their agenda, they had it destroyed, discontinued, or abandoned, typically in a very short time after it was said to have been constructed.

The historic trolley amusement parks and expositions played a role in seeding the new narrative in the collective consciousness for a relatively-short period of time before they were no longer used, and other forms of shaping the narrative took over the job – like movies, radio, and television.

Shapers of the New Narrative – Part 3 Early Radio and Television

All of this led has to the industrialized world we live in today that is the only thing we know about, and part of a system in which our energy is extracted and manipulated, giving us the illusion of freedom while feeding the artificial and industrial systems that are all around us without us even being aware of it.

In this last part of the series, I will continue in a northeasterly direction along the shore of Lake Erie from Monroe, Michigan, near Toledo, Ohio, to Fort Erie, Ontario, which is directly across the Niagara River from Buffalo, New York, where the parts of this series on Lake Erie began.

So far I have looked in-depth at cities and places on the shores of Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Ontario, and Lake Erie.

I have paid particular attention to lighthouses; railroad and streetcar history; waterfalls, wetlands and dunes; interstates and highways; golf courses, airports and race tracks; major corporate players; mines and mining; labor relations; and many other things.

As a way of focusing my research, I am specifically following the location of lighthouses and waterfalls around Lake Erie as a way of focusing my research, as I have been doing throughout this series.

This particular focus has yielded a great deal of information as to what it looks like happened here and about our hidden history.

I believe there was an original free-energy grid that was intentionally destroyed and was a worldwide event, and that the surface of the Earth was subsequently destroyed around its key infrastructure, which included components like lighthouses, rail infrastructure, canals, waterfalls, and what we know of as “forts,” and turned the landscape we see today into lakes, dunes, deserts, swamps, bogs, or causing the land to shear off and/or become submerged.

Before I move on starting with Monroe, I would like to revisit a couple of places from the area surrounding Toledo from the last part of the series.

The first thing I want to talk about this area is in the context of the historic Great Black Swamp.

US Highway Route 20, crosses along northwestern Ohio at the southern shore of Lake Erie where the historical “Great Black Swamp” was located.

The section of US-20 between Perrysburg, Ohio, and Fremont, Ohio, started out as the 31-mile, or 50-kilometer, – long “Maumee & Western Reserve Road,” or “Mud Pike.”

We are told that at the time it was being developed in the late 1700s, what became the “Mud Pike” was the most direct and passable route through what was described as the nearly uninhabitable swampland.

The 1795 Treaty of Greenville at the end of the Northwest Indian War had opened the Northwest Territory for settlement, but the Great Black Swamp stood in the way between the newly acquired Northwest Territory and settlers.

The “Mud Pike” was called the “worst road on the continent” early in its existence for the mud-holes that would trap wagon wheels and draft animals and its slow travel, though it was gradually improved as the swampland was drained in the mid-to-late 19th-century.

I found this newspaper clipping from the Newark Advocate in 1902 in my past research describing a giant skeleton that was found in Bowling Green in northwestern Ohio that was over 8-feet, or 2.5-meters, -tall.

Bowling Green in Ohio is located within the “Great Black Swamp,” between Fort Wayne in Indiana and the southern shore of Lake Erie in northwest Ohio, and is the location of the “Black Swamp Preserve.”

The original Black Swamp was a huge 900,000-acre, or 364,200-hectare, wetland that once covered northwest Ohio, and only a tiny fraction remains today.

The 500-acre, or 202-hectare Black Swamp Preserve in Bowling Green is a protected remnant of the historical swampland, and is accessed by a 13-mile, or 21-kilometer, paved Slippery Elm Trail from Bowling Green to North Baltimore, Ohio.

It is also interesting to note all the historic rail-lines that go through the same area as the Great Black Swamp in Northwest Ohio, circa this 1914 Ohio Public Utilities Commission Railroad map of Ohio, with Bowling Green where the giant skeleton was found circled in red.

The story that accompanies the existence of the railroads is that they were all constructed after the swamp land was drained, and that was what made the construction of the railroads possible.

But I continue to have serious doubts that railroads were constructed by the people who said they built them when they were said to have been built.

My belief falls along the lines that they were already there and being made serviceable once again after the swamp land was drained and/or reclaimed.

The second thing I want to bring forward from the last part on Lake Erie is that Lake Erie is noteworthy for its role during the War of 1812.

It was the location of some battles during the War of 1812 in our narrative, specifically at Fort Stephenson in Fremont and Fort Meigs in Perrysburg, and is noteworthy for the Perry Monument on South Bass Island in Put-in Bay.

First, Fort Stephenson.

Here’s what we are told in our historical narrative, keeping in mind that at the same time in the same narrative, this place was supposed to have been muddy and swampy mess.

Fort Stephenson was first built as a stockade and blockhouse in the late spring of 1812, but was abandoned after Detroit was captured by the British and indigenous forces on August 13th of 1812, and was burned to the ground shortly thereafter.

Then in preparation for a campaign to retake Detroit and advance into Upper Canada, several forts were constructed in the area by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1813, including the rebuilding and expansion of Fort Stephenson and the construction of Fort Meigs.

Then the Battle of Fort Stephenson took place on August 2nd of 1813, in which a small American force numbering 160 guarding the fort defeated a much larger number of 1,300 British and indigenous forces.

The American victory here was said to have helped secure American control in northern Ohio.

The cannon from the battle, named “Old Betsy,” was said to have been recovered and is on display at the Birchard Library in Fremont.

The Birchard Library is located on the grounds of the former fort in Fremont, and said to have been built between 1877 and 1879.

Next, Fort Meigs was on the Maumee River in the Perrysburg-area.

In this instance, the British and Indigenous forces failed to capture Fort Meigs in two sieges that took place during the spring and summer of 1813 , which had just been built earlier that same year.

Fort Meigs subsequently became the main American stronghold in the Northwest.

The location of Fort Meigs was just across the Maumee River from the ruins of what we are told was the old British Fort Miami and the site of the 1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers, which was the final battle of the Northwest Indian War.

This is what we are told about the Northwest Indian War in our historical narrative.

The Northwest Indian War took place in this region between 1786 and 1795 between the United States and the Northwestern Confederacy, consisting of Native Americans of the Great Lakes area.

The Territory had been granted to the United States by Great Britain as part of the Treaty of Paris at the end of the American Revolutionary War.

The area had previously been prohibited to new settlements, and was inhabited by numerous Native American peoples.

The British maintained a military presence and supported the Native American military campaign.

While the Northwestern Confederacy had some early victories, they were ultimately defeated, with the final battle being the “Battle of Fallen Timbers” in August of 1794 in Maumee, Ohio, which took place after General Anthony Wayne’s Army had destroyed every Native American settlement on its way to the battle.

Outcomes were the 1794 Jay Treaty, named for Supreme Court Chief Justice John Jay, the main negotiator with Great Britain.

We are told that as a result, the British withdrew from the Northwest Territory, but it laid the groundwork for later conflicts, not only with Great Britain, but also angering France and bitterly dividing Americans into pro-Treaty Federalists and anti-Treaty Jeffersonian Republicans.

The 1795 Greenville Treaty that followed forced the displacement of Native Americans from most of Ohio, in return for cash and promises of fair treatment, and the land was opened for white American settlement.

At any rate with regards to Fort Meigs and Fort Miami, I typically find star forts in pairs and clusters, which also aligns with the definition of the word battery related to “a device that produces electricity; may have several primary or secondary cells arranged in parallel or series.”

Fort Meigs was also the location where the Treaty of Fort Meigs, also called the Treaty of the Maumee Rapids, was signed on September 29th of 1817, and said to be the most significant Indian Treaty in Ohio since the Treaty of Greenville in 1795.

It resulted in the ceding of nearly all the remaining lands in northwestern Ohio, and parts of Indiana and Michigan, of the Wyandot, Seneca, Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Chippewa, helping to open up Michigan to settlement by white Americans.

In return, land was allocated for reservations and financial compensation via annuities of various amounts for different lengths of time.

Lewis Cass was one of two commissioners who negotiated the treaty on behalf of the U. S. Government.

We are told that during the War of 1812, Lewis Cass rose through the officer ranks to become a Brigadier General in the U. S. Army in March of 1813.

Lastly, the Perry’s Victory and International Peace Memorial is found on an isthmus on South Bass Island.

The world’s tallest Doric Column, it was said to have been constructed by a multi-state commission between 1912 and 1915 after having been selected as the winning design from an international competition.

According to our historical narrative, the memorial was established to celebrate long-lasting peace between the United States, Great Britain, and Canada and honor Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, who successfully commanded the U. S. Navy ships in the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.

In our historical narrative, the Battle of Lake Erie, also known as the Battle of Put-in Bay, was fought on September 10th of 1813, and in which nine ships of the U. S. Navy captured six ships of the British Navy, ensuring American control of Lake Erie for the rest of the War of 1812.

The Battle of the River Raisin during the War of 1812 took place in what became Monroe, Michigan.

The Battle of the River Raisin, also known as the Battle of Frenchtown, and the River Raisin Massacre.

It refers to two consecutive engagements during the War of 1812 that took place on January 18th and 22nd of 1813 in Frenchtown in the Michigan Territory, the former name of Monroe.

In our historical narrative on January 18th, American militia forced a retreat of a British and indigenous detachment occupying Frenchtown.

Four days after that, British and indigenous forces launched a surprise counterattack, in which 397 American troops were killed and 547 taken prisoner and taken to Fort Amherstburg (AKA Fort Malden) in Amherstburg, Ontario on the Detroit River, which I will talk more about later in this post.

We are told the Battle of the River Raisin was the deadliest conflict recorded on Michigan soil and represents the highest number of Americans killed in a single battle during the War of 1812.

It is interesting to note that there are three sets of railroad tracks altogether on either side of the historic location of this Battle of the War of 1812.

I will come back to what is in Monroe in the area surrounding this location shortly.

Monroe is the only Michigan city situated directly on Lake Erie’s western shore, and is the only deep-water Michigan port on Lake Erie.

It is 17-miles, or 27-kilometers, north of Toledo, and 35-miles, or 56-kilometers, south of Detroit.

Lake Erie is the fourth-largest Great Lake by surface volume, but the shallowest and smallest by volume of the five lakes, and has an average depth of 63-feet, or 19-meters, and is divided into three basins – Western, Central, and Eastern.

This part of Lake Erie is in the Western Basin, which is quite shallow, with depths ranging throughout from 0- to -10-meters, or 33-feet.

It is particularly susceptible to pollution, algae blooms, and other invasive species like carp and mussels.

The Eastern Basin is the deepest, with depths ranging from 0- to 64-meters, or 0- to 210-feet, where the deepest point of Lake Erie is marked by an “X” circled in red, making it the only Great Lake whose deepest point is above sea-level.

The depth contrast of the shallow western-end and the deep eastern-end results in a phenomenon known as a “seiche,” which happens when strong winds push the lake water east, causing the water to pile up, and then drain, and which Lake Erie is more prone to than the other Great Lakes.

A “seiche” is the name for a standing wave in an enclosed, or partially-enclosed, body of water.

The seiches of Lake Erie are known to drain water out of one end of the lake and cause extreme flooding at the other end.

Lake Erie is also the warmest of the Great Lakes because it is the shallowest, and frequently reaches peak water temperatures in the 70 to 80-degree Fahrenheit-range, or upper 20-degree-Celsius-range, in the summer months of July and August, and more during heat waves.

The Lake Erie Region is known as the “Thunderstorm Capital of Canada” as well, with impressive displays of lightning.

The relatively shallow waters found throughout the Great Lakes are notorious for shipwrecks, with an estimated somewhere between 6,000 to 10,000 ships and somewhere around 30,000 lives lost.

Lake Erie has one of the highest concentrations of shipwrecks anywhere on Earth, with an estimated 2,000 sunken vessels and only 400 of those have been discovered.

The Erie Marsh Preserve is south of Monroe and north of Toledo on North Maumee Bay, and is one of the largest coastal wetlands on Lake Erie.

It is to the west of the Turtle Island Lighthouse and the Toledo Harbor Lighthouse, and to the southwest of the Luna Pier Lighthouse.

The Lost Peninsula on Maumee Bay is south of the Erie Marsh Preserve.

The Toledo Harbor Lighthouse is described as a “Romanesque-looking structure” that stands 64-feet, or 20-meters, -tall at the entrance to Toledo Shipping Channel.

It was said to have been built between 1901 and 1904 to replace the 1837 Turtle Island lighthouse.

The Toledo Harbor Lighthouse’s original 3.5-Order Fresnel lens is on display at the Maumee Bay State Park Lodge.

In a Fresnel Lens, hundreds of pieces of specially-cut glass surround a lamp bulb, which intensifies the glow from the light and focuses rays of light that would normally be scattered into one intense beam of light that shines in a specific direction.

The Fresnel Lens could also produce an unlimited number of flashing combinations with an intensified light that could be seen at great distances.

Of the more than 200 lighthouses across the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River region, out of an original estimated 350 to 400 lighthouses, only sixteen have their original Fresnel Lens’, like the Dunkirk Lighthouse on Lake Erie not far from the Greater Buffalo-area.

The third-order Fresnel Lens at the Dunkirk Lighthouse is currently valued at USD $1.5-million.

The historic Turtle Island Lighthouse is described as a deactivated and ruined lighthouse on a privately-owned island in Lake Erie on the border between Ohio and Michigan near Toledo.

We are told it was established in 1831 to guide ships into Maumee Bay and abandoned after the construction of the Toledo Harbor Lighthouse.

The Luna Pier Lighthouse is at Luna Pier, which is in the State of Michigan.

It is described as a 35-foot, or 11-meter, -tall decorative beacon that was constructed in 2012 to serve as a non-navigational scenic landmark at the entrance to the Luna Pier.

Though references to it are hard-to-find, I did find one saying that the current Luna Pier Lighthouse was designed to evoke an earlier lighthouse associated with Luna Pier.

Luna Pier has a crescent-shaped concrete pier that extends for 800-feet, or 240-meters, reaching about 200-feet, or 61-meters, into Lake Erie.

Luna Pier used to be served by the Canadian National Railway via coal trains that served the J. R. Whiting Generating Plant, which closed in April of 2016 and which has since been demolished.

The J. R. Whiting Generating Plant first opened in 1952, so it was only in use for 64-years.

The Erie Marsh Preserve is located in North Maumee Bay and at over 2,000-acres, or over 800-hectares, in size is one of the largest marshes on Lake Erie.

It represents 11% of southeastern Michigan’s remaining marshland.

It supports migratory and nesting birds of all kinds, and is open to the public from January 2nd to August 31st.

The Lost Peninsula just to the south of there is called a small “exclave” of the State of Michigan as it is surrounded by the State of Ohio.

We are told the “Lost Peninsula” was created as a result of the “Toledo War,” which was a boundary dispute in 1835 and 1836 over whether or not Ohio or Michigan would control an area called the “Toledo Strip.”

After the “Toledo War,” the state border was established just north of the mouth of the Maumee River, at the 41-Degree, 44-Minute North line-of-latitude.

This gave the city of Toledo and Maumee River to the State of Ohio, but the state line continued across the smaller Ottawa River, and divided the peninsula on the far-side of the river.

This resulted in a division of the land in which the “Lost Peninsula” became part of the State of Michigan.

Coincidentally…or not…the 41-Degree, 44-Minute North line-of-latitude was historically significant as the reported position of the “Titanic” when it sank.

The “Lost Peninsula” has a population of somewhere between 100 and 200 people.

It is part of Erie Township, Michigan, and residents must travel through Ohio to get to Michigan, including students for public school attendance.

I keep encountering and documenting historic trolley parks all along the shores of the Great Lakes.

This area in western Lake Erie was no exception, and was also the location of several historic trolley parks, like the Toledo Beach Amusement Park, a short way up the shore of Lake Erie from Toledo in Ohio, before you get to Monroe in Michigan.

We are told the Toledo Light Rail and Power Company bought the Ottawa Beach Resort in 1907, and created the Toledo Beach Amusement Park, and an electric trolley service brought visitors from Ohio into the park.

The trolley also made stops at Lakeside, Lakewood, Allen’s Cove, and Luna Pier along the way to Toledo Beach, the end, also known as terminal, of the streetcar line.

There are two definitions of terminal.

One is: “The end of a railroad or other transport route, or a station at such a point.”

The other is: “A point of connection for closing an electric circuit.”

We are told that the peak of the popularity of the Toledo Beach Park was in the early 1900s, and that attendance slowly declined after the electric interurban trolleys stopped running in 1927.

The Toledo Beach Park had its ups-and-downs over the years, having been shut down during hard economic times, until the amusement park was purchased in 1961 for the land on which the buyer wanted to build a marina.

The Toledo Beach Amusement park was dredged, and the Toledo Park Marina was built and opened in 1962.

Heading into Monroe from the area of the historic Toledo Beach Amusement Park, we first come to the Bolles Harbor Light, and then in the area surrounding the River Raisin National Battlefield Park, we come to the Monroe Power Plant; the Gerdau Special Steel plant; the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge; and the William C. Sterling State Park.

First, the Bolles Harbor Light.

We are told that Bolles Harbor was an artificial recreational harbor that was constructed in the 1960s, and that the entrance to it had to be dredged through shallow Lake Erie Waters.

The Bolles Harbor Light is a modern navigational beacon that marks the entrance to Bolles Harbor about 7 miles, or 11-kilometers, south of Monroe at the entrance to La Plaisance Creek.

Bolles Harbor is used for recreational boating.

There are two range lights here as well that are skeletal structures for guiding boats into Bolles Harbor.

There were historic lighthouses here that are no longer standing.

We are told that Monroe’s first lighthouse was built at Otter Creek Point in 1828 marking the original River Raisin entrance.

Then it was decommissioned in 1849 when shipping lanes shifted and dismantled in 1870.

The Monroe Pierhead lighthouse was said to have been first established in 1849; first lit in 1884; deactivated in 1916 and eventually destroyed.

On the lakefront to the north of the Bolles Harbor Light and the east of the River Raisin National Battlefield Site, we find the Monroe Power Plant; the Gerdau Special Steel plant; the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge; and the William C. Sterling State Park.

The Monroe Power Plant and Gerdau Special Steel Plant are located right next to each other, with the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge located right across the entrance to the River Raisin from them.

The Monroe Power Plant is a coal-fired power plant owned by Detroit-based DTE Energy.

Operations began here in 1971, and it has four generating units.

It is the 11th-largest electric plant in the United States.

The Gerdau Special Steel Plant in Monroe is a key facility for Gerdau Special Steel in North America.

It specializes in producing high-quality Special Bar Quality steel for the automotive, commercial vehicle, agricultural and energy markets.

The Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge is the only international wildlife refuge in North America, managed jointly by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Canadian Wildlife Service.

It consists primarily of coastal wetlands, several islands in the Detroit River, and waterfront parks.

The Refuge’s Eagle Island Marsh is next to the River Raisin entrance.

It provides important habitat for hundreds of bald eagles that winter here every year.

The River Raisin National Battlefield Park is to the northwest of the Eagle Island Marsh, and the William C. Sterling State Park is to the north of it.

The Monroe Golf & Country Club is further west across the railroad tracks from these locations.

This is what we are told about the William C. Sterling State Park.

It is the only Michigan State Park located on Lake Erie.

It encompasses 1,300-acres, or 530-hectares, of mostly manmade lagoons and beachfront near the mouth of Sandy Creek.

It was named after the businessman who bought marshland at the mouth of the Detroit Rvier who was one of the first to see the value of protecting swamps for future generations.

For a number of years, the Sterling State Park was polluted by river runoff from Detroit.

Millions of dollars were spent to clean-up the area from decades of pollutants from the Detroit River.

The Monroe Golf & Country Club is a semi-private golf club that was established in 1919.

It features an 18-hole golf course, and what we are told was an 1884 Victorian Mansion.

I have consistently found golf courses, country clubs, and railroad tracks near the shores of the Great Lakes.

For one of many examples, and this one is also on Lake Erie, the Wanakah Country Club is in- between New York Route 5, otherwise known as the Seaway Trail, and the railroad tracks going through the area, and the Cloverbank Country Club is on the other side of the tracks from it.

I  have been talking throughout this series, and in other places before that, about golf courses being cover-ups of mound, or earthwork, sites and part of the original energy grid.

 Just carve out the top of a mound, and voila, you have a bunker.

The term “Links” is another name used for golf courses.

I think this name tells us their actual purpose in the Earth’s grid system, perhaps as “links” or “linkages” of the circuitry of electrical and magnetic components.

I have been finding golf courses throughout this series, like along the shoreline of Lake Huron like these examples…

…and like this example on both sides of the Niagara River on Lake Ontario.

As we are heading into the Detroit-area from Monroe, we next come to the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station; the Point Mouillee State Game Area; and the Detroit River Lighthouse.

First, the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station.

It is located on 1,000-acres, or 400-hectares, of land near Monroe in French Charter Township, Michigan.

The plant is named after the Italian nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi, most noted in our historical narrative for his work on the first nuclear reactor and other major contributions to nuclear physics, and winning the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics.

There are a couple of things I would like to make note of here.

The first thing is that I consistently find nuclear power plants in or near wetlands, and this is not an isolated finding by any means.

The second thing I would like to make note of here is that this is the sixth nuclear power plant that I have come across while doing this Great Lakes series, and all have been right on the lakeshore of their respective Great Lakes.

There was one in the last part of the series on Lake Erie, which was the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant.

It is located on the southwest shore of Lake Erie, about 10-miles, or 16-kilometers, north of Oak Harbor, Ohio.

It is situated next to the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge, and the Magee Marsh Wildlife Area .

It has been the site of several safety incidents, including two of the top five most dangerous nuclear incidents in the U. S since 1979.

It was expected to close in 2020, but remains operational as a result of state legislation that was passed in 2019.

So, was there actually a conscious decision made to build nuclear powerplants in marshy wetlands?

Or were nuclear powerplants also pre-existing technology that was brought back on-line in the present-day, and not operated safely or cautiously?

The Perry Nuclear Power Plant is also on Lake Erie, and located 40-miles, or 64-kilometers, northeast of Cleveland.

The other three I have encountered were the Darlington Nuclear Power Station in Bowmanville, Ontario, on Lake Ontario; the Nine-Mile Point Nuclear Power Station near Oswego, New York, on Lake Ontario; and the Bruce Nuclear Power Plant in Kincardine, Ontario, on Lake Huron.

The unincorporated community of Detroit Beach is located in-between Sterling State Park and the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station.

It was established in 1932 as a lakeside resort community to attract vacation-home buyers from Detroit.

It is centered around boating and fishing, and is not known for being a large public swimming beach, for which most go to the nearby Sterling State Park.

The Point Mouillee State Game Area and the Detroit River Lighthouse are to the northeast of the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station.

The Point Mouillee State Game Area is a protected wildlife and wetland area at the mouth of the Huron River at Lake Erie.

It contains an extensive mix of coastal marshes; managed wetlands; shallow bays; dikes and impoundments; and grasslands.

It is considered one of the largest freshwater marsh restoration projects in North America.

It is also widely regarded as one of the best places in the Midwest for bird-watching and waterfowl-hunting.

What is known as “The Banana” at this location is described as a large, curved, diked island just off-shore of the main marsh.

It was said to have been originally built by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers as a “Confined Disposal Facility” for dredged sediment from the Detroit River Shipping Channel.

These days it provides access to portions of the interior marsh via the dike system, and it is also managed as a waterfowl refuge.

The area is also a productive fishery.

The nearby Detroit River Lighthouse, also known as the “Bar Point Shoal Lighthouse,” is described as a sparkplug lighthouse that was built in 1885 under problematic circumstances due to its particular location.

We are told its isolation has caused problems ever since in its storied past, including being a rendezvous point for rum-runners in the Prohibition years with the proximity of Canadian whiskey and being struck by a lake freighter directly in 1997, in which the lighthouse suffered minimal damage and the freighter was described as having its “steel bow pushed-in like a tin-can.”

Moving northward from the Pointe Mouillee State Game Area, on the Michigan-side, we come to the Lake Erie Metropark and its golf course; the City of Gibraltar; the Humbug Marsh; and what’s found on Grosse Ile, the largest island in the Detroit river.

First, the Lake Erie Metropark and its golf course.

The Lake Erie Metropark is a park in the Huron-Clinton system of metro parks, which includes 13 parks totaling more than 24,000-acres, or 97-kilometers-squared, arranged along the Huron and Clinton Rivers, forming a partial ring around the Detroit metropolitan area.

The Lake Erie Metropark is located between the mouth of the Huron River and Lake Erie to the South, and the city of Gibraltar to the North. and consists of marshes, recreational trails, a marina and boat launch.

Since 2020, the wave action swimming pool here has not been in operation, and is currently undergoing a major renovation.

There is an 18-hole regulation golf course here that features rolling Bent Grass fairways and 20-acres, or 8-hectares, of water hazards that test precision on nearly every hole.

The Lake Erie Metropark Marshland Museum and Nature Center is also found here, which showcases the heritage of the Downriver/Lake Erie Shore Region.

The City of Gibraltar is located in-between the Lake Erie Metropark and the Humbug Marsh.

Gibraltar is a downriver suburb of Detroit, located 22-miles, or 35-kilometers, southwest of downtown Detroit.

As of the 2020 census, it had a population of just under 5,000 people.

Gibraltar was first settled in 1811 and platted in March of 1837 by the Gibraltar and Flat Rock Company, which we are told was an historic company attempting to build a canal to connect Lake Erie to the Huron river, which was a venture we are told ultimately failed.

Gibraltar is known for its waterfront lifestyle, with over 5-miles, or 8-kilometers, of canals. wetlands, and access to the Detroit River and Lake Erie, making it a prime destination for boating and fishing access.

I consistently find S-shaped river bends like the one pictured here in Gibraltar all over the Earth.

Viktor Schauberger, an Austrian scientist, was a pioneer in the field of water and energy research in the early 20th-century, specializing in the flow of water and natural energies.

Between 1928 and 1935, he worked on developing a device for the production of living water, water with an enhanced structure and necessary minerals.

Schauberger conceptualized that the twisting and turning motions of this water flow energized water, .

Conversely, he believed that modern industries destroy healthy water, including the processes of municipal water treatment plants, which decompose healthy water.

The original rivers, rail-lines and canals would have been providing hydroelectric power for the free-energy system, and the original architecture and infrastructure would have provided the antiquitech to process and utilize the free energy throughout the worldwide system.

The City of Gibraltar Municipal Complex is interesting in that it features a lighthouse as part of the complex.

The complex houses things like City Hall; the Fire Station and Police Department.

It was said to have been built to replace the old City Hall, which was housed in a one-room schoolhouse and demolished in 1935.

Interesting to note that available public sources consistently described it as a replacement for the old city hall building, but do not state the exact year the new municipal complex was completed.

The Village of Flat Rock, 5-miles, or 8-kilometers, due west of Gibraltar was platted by the Gibraltar and Flat Rock Company in 1838.

We are told that Henry Ford was attracted by the water power of the Huron River, and established the Ford Motor Company Lamp Factory in Flat Rock for making headlights in 1925, one of Ford’s “Village Industries” that employed local people and supplied parts and equipment.

It was powered by hydroelectric turbines on the Huron River.

Albert Kahn, who was credited with the design of the headlight factory, was also credited with the design of the Fisher Building in Detroit in the Art Deco Style, said to have been completed in 1928.

The Fisher Building with its distinctively Moorish-looking interior with high-vaulted ceilings is in what is called the New Center, a commercial and residential historic district in Detroit.

The Canadian National (CN) – Flat Rock Railroad Yard is to the northeast of Flat Rock, and the Flat Rock Speedway is to the southwest.

The CN-Flat Rock Yard is one of the Canadian Railroad’s most important rail facilities in southeastern Michigan, located near downtown Flat Rock.

It serves as a major freight classification and rail operations yard and crew base for trains moving between Detroit, Toledo, Chicago, Canada, and the U. S. Midwest.

We are told that it was historically built by the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad (DT & I) in the early 20th-century.

Under the ownership of Henry Ford starting in 1920, DT & I expanded the yard into a modern classification facility to support the movement of raw materials and finished automobiles to Ford plants through southeast Michigan.

Historically, there was a roundhouse here, and like pretty much everywhere else, the roundhouse is long-gone.

What we are told is that large roundhouses became far less necessary as diesel locomotives replaced steam in the 1950s, and the roundhouses were no longer needed for routine operation.

Diesel locomotives replaced steam trains primarily between 1940 and 1960.

Interesting to note that locomotives were originally-powered by steam, and in our historical narrative were first introduced in the United Kingdom in 1804,

They were fueled by burning combustible material like coal, coke, oil or wood to heat water in the locomotive’s boiler.

Here’s one that is pretty typical of what we would normally think of a steam locomotive.

Here’s another steam locomotive that looks pretty darn sleek, futuristic and high-tech.

It is called the Mallard Steam locomotive.

It was said to have been created by the prominent engineer Sir Nigel Gresley for the London and North Eastern Railway, and built in 1938.

On July 3rd of 1938, the Mallard broke the still-standing world record for steam locomotives at 126-mph, or 203 km/h.

It was retired in 1963, and is preserved in the National Railway Collection in York as part of the National Collection.

I think that steam and hydroelectric power were part of the free-energy technology of the original grid system and that this was one of the original steam locomotives in use prior to the destruction of the grid, and not built when it was said to have been built and by whom.

At any rate, for whatever the reason, the roundhouses they were demolished, and I strongly suspect it’s not what we’ve been told, roundhouses are no longer in existence, except in rare instances where they are museums and parks, like the B & O Railroad Museum in Baltimore, Maryland; and Roundhouse Park in Toronto, Ontario, which was formerly the John Street Roundhouse, and which contains the Toronto Railway Museum.

It’s important to note that Henry Ford utilized the practice of “vertical integration” in the Ford Motor Company.

Vertical integration is where the supply chain of a company is owned by the company.

The introduction and refinement of the assembly line facilitated the mass production of new cars, which in turn made the purchase of a new car affordable for most people.

I believe this was another replacement technology for the original transportation system that was powered by free energy.

Henry Ford was the 13th-wealthiest American of all-time according to CNN Business, with an adjusted wealth of $67.2-billion.

Henry Ford was also an acknowledged 33rd-degree Freemason.

Also interesting to note that another extremely wealthy businessman and entrepreneur who practiced vertical integration was Adolphus Busch, President of the Anheuser-Busch Brewing Company from 1880 until his death in 1913.

Adolphus Busch was a pioneer in refrigeration and pasteurization, and like Henry Ford, he bought all the components of his business, from bottling factories to ice-manufacturing plants to buying the rights from Rudolf Diesel to manufacture all diesel engines in America.

The Anheuser-Busch Company owned the Manufacturers Railway Company, which was founded by Adolphus Busch in 1887, and operated until 2011.

It was created to transport brewery products and provide rail connections and locomotive maintenance.

When Adolphus Busch died in 1913, his net worth was $60 million.

While I couldn’t find any information showing that Adolphus Busch was a Freemason like I did Henry Ford, I did find this goat mug that was made in 1994 by Anheuser-Busch for the Freemasons of Rio Negrinho in Brazil, featuring a life-like goat-head, and the Portuguese words for “Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity” in the base.

Similarly, John Molson was a brewer and entrepreneur in colonial Quebec and Lower Canada.

Molson’s beer was in high demand, which was said to have appealed to different classes of Montreal Society, with customers increasing every day.

Between 1788 and 1800, his business quickly grew into one of the larger ones in Lower Canada, having sold 30,000 gallons, or 113,500-liters, of beer by 1791.

As his wealth grew, he started branching out into financing other interests, like the railroad.

Molson was credited with financing the first public railway in Canada, the Champlain & St. Lawrence Railway, which was chartered in 1832 and built in 1835 in our historical narrative.

He was appointed the Provincial Grand Master of the District Freemasonic Lodge of Montreal by the Duke of Sussex in 1826, a position he held for five years before resigning in 1831.

Next, the Flat Rock Speedway is in Ash Township, to the southwest of downtown Flat Rock.

It is a 1/4-mile, or 402-meter, oval race-track owned by NASCAR, and the closest NASCAR-style oval racing track circuit to Detroit.

It features racing on Saturday nights that include Outlaw Body Late Models; Street Stocks; and Figure 8’s for its weekly division.

I have come to see racing tracks as circuitry that was on the Earth’s original energy grid system as a result of my research over the years, and I think these different types of racing tracks were originally circuits on the grid.

The sport of racing uses the word “circuit” in the following ways:

The course over which races are run…

…the number of times the racers go around the track…

…an established itinerary of racing events involving public performance…

…and in bicycle racing, a circuit race is a mass-start road-cycle race that consists of several laps of a closed-circuit, where the length of the lap is slightly longer each time.

Electrical Circuit definitions include:

A closed path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow, and includes devices that give energy to the charged particles the current is comprised of, such as batteries and generators…

…devices that use current, like lamps, electric motors, and computers…

…and the connecting wires or transmission lines.

An electronic circuit is a complete course of conductors through which current can travel, and provide a path for current to flow. 

So with regards to the possibility that elliptical tracks, for example, were circuitry on the Earth’s original energy grid, when I investigated elliptical circuitry in past research, I came across elliptical PADS in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs).

PADS are an electrical connection point for components, and most carry current for either signal transfer or heat.

I also found the term “Elliptical Polarization,” which occurs when there is more than one source of a magnetic field at the same frequency, the magnetic field traces out an ellipse in space.

Then there are elliptical antenna for things like satellite dishes…

…and Ultra Wide-Band communications.

Next, I am going to talk about the Humbug Marsh and several places on Grosse Ile, which is located on the Michigan-side of the Detroit River.

First, the Humbug Marsh.

The Humbug Marsh straddles the boundary-line between Gibraltar and Trenton.

The Humbug Marsh is part of the previously-mentioned Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge.

It is located on the “Downriver” shoreline of the Detroit River.

“Downriver” is a region of the Detroit Metropolitan Area along or near the western shore of the Detroit River.

This location consists of 410-acres, or 165-hectares, of undeveloped mainland shoreline along the United States-side of the Detroit River.

The remnant marsh here is classified as a place of importance to threatened, endangered, and vulnerable species and ecological communities.

It features old-growth trees over 300-years-old, with over 32-acres, or 13-hectares, recognized by the “Old-Growth Forest Network.”

The Humbug Marsh was formally-designated in 2010 as Michigan’s first wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention.

I first became aware of the Ramsar Convention when I was tracking a long-distance alignment through the Strait of Hormuz between the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf.

The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty that was first signed in February of 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, and is reviewed every three-years by the contracting international parties.

It designated sites, known as “Ramsar Sites,” to be considered of international importance when it comes to the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands.

As one example, the United Arab Emirates, or UAE, as a whole has eight Ramsar wetlands sites.

Interesting to note that the UAE is mostly a desert country with approximately 80% of its landmass covered by desert.

The Ramsar Convention defines wetlands as “areas of marsh, fen, peat, or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide, does not exceed 20-feet, or 6-meters.

The HyCAL Corp. and two more railyards in Trenton are near Humbug Marsh, besides the Flat Rock Railyard – the CN Edison and the CN Rodney Yards.

The HyCAL Corp. and CN Edison Yard are adjacent to the Humbug Marsh.

The HyCAL Corp. is a specialized metal-processing manufacturer.

It operates North America’s only 100% hydrogen annealing line, providing advanced, high-strength steels for the automotive industry.

The CN Edison Yard is a small operational rail facility serving local industrial rail traffic on the CN Shoreline Subdivision, which handles freight movements running parallel to the Detroit River Corridor.

It is named the “Edison” yard because of its historic proximity to the massive Detroit – Edison (DTE) coal-burning Trenton Channel Power Plant operations on the Detroit River, which was in operation from 1924 until 2022, and the facility was demolished in 2024.

The land is currently being transformed into the Trenton Channel Energy Center, designed as a 220-megawatt lithium-ion battery storage facility, with completion expected in late 2026.

It is described as the largest standalone battery project in the Great Lakes Region, capable of powering an estimated 40,000 homes.

The Trenton Engine Plant is also in this location.

The Trenton Engine Complex is a Stellantis North America Factory complex.

Stellantis was formerly known as Chrysler.

There are two plants here, and both manufacture Pentastar V2 and V6 engines.

There a couple of places I would like to note between here and the CN Rodney Yard – in particular Elizabeth Park in Trenton, and the three golf courses directly across the Trenton Channel of the Detroit River from here on Grosse Ile.

Elizabeth Park is recognized as the first County Park in the State of Michigan, having been given to Wayne County in 1919 from private owners.

The park is located on an artificial island called “Slocum’s Island.”

The island is separated from the mainland by a narrow canal, with Elizabeth Park on the north-end, and the location of the historic Trenton Channel Power Plant in the process of becoming the Trenton Channel Energy Center on the south-end of Slocum Island, south of the Grosse Ile Parkway across the Wayne County Bridge.

There are three golf courses on Grosse Ile directly across from here – the Water’s Edge; Grosse Ile Golf & Country Club; and the West Shore Golf & Country Club.

The Wayne County Bridge, also known as the “Free Bridge,” is a swing-bridge that pivots on a center pier.that connects Grosse Ile to Trenton, Michigan.

It was previously a rail-bridge that we are told was converted by Wayne County into a vehicular, bike, and pedestrian bridge in 1931, which would have been during the Great Depression.

I can’t help but wonder if “artificial island” is a code-word for sunken infrastructure.

We are told the rail bridge was built by the Canada Southern Bridge Company in 1873, and that the rail-tracks across Grosse Ile were replaced by the Grosse Ile Parkway, which runs adjacent to the Water’s Edge Golf Course and the Grosse Ile Golf & Country Club.

Elizabeth Park is the location of an historic marker commemorating the Battle of Monguagon, which took place during the War of 1812 in our historical narrative between Americans and a British-Indian coalition in August of 1812.

We are told that it was the first encounter of the War of 1812 that was large enough to be called a battle.

Next up, the CN Rodney Yard in Trenton.

The CN Rodney Yard serves as a vital rail junction on CN’s Shoreline Subdivision, where it connects with the Flat Rock Subdivision running west towards the major Flat Rock Yard.

It is a crucial control point and connection switch where freight and local transfers transition between lines.

It was the location of the historic FN Tower, a classic railroad interlocking tower where the Detroit, Toledo and Detroit Shoreline tracks crossed.

We are told the FN Tower was demolished in 2005 because it became obsolete when manned railroad control towers were replaced by modern centralized traffic control.

I just want to make note before I move across to Grosse Ile that there are A LOT of railyards along both the United States and Canadian-sides of the border between Lake Huron and Lake Erie, which consists of not only the Detroit River, but also Lake St. Clair, and the St. Clair River between Lake Huron and Lake St. Clair.

Detroit is the end-terminal for most domestic traffic arriving there, much of which is automotive industry-related, and is also an international gateway for transcontinental traffic from the western United States and Canada to Toronto, Montreal, and the Maritime Provinces.

As I have already asserted in this post, it is my belief that all the rail infrastructure was a pre-existing energy technology, and I would surmise that this region was an extremely important nexus on the original energy grid.

Here’s just one example I encountered from “North America’s Great Lakes – Part 4 The Ontario-side of Lake Huron,” which is the Canadian National Railway’s St. Clair River Railway Tunnel, located about 60-miles, or 100-kilometers, northeast of the Detroit-Windsor area.

It connects the Sarnia Railyards with the Port Huron Railyards via an underwater railroad tunnel that can accommodate double-stacked railcars.

The first tunnel here was said to have opened in 1891, and that it was the first full-sized underwater tunnel in North America.

It was considered an engineering marvel in its day and has been designated as a civil engineering landmark by U. S. and Canadian engineering bodies.

The original tunnel was said to have been replaced in 1995, when a second tunnel opened that could handle railcars with double-stacked shipping containers.

In June of 2019, forty railcars derailed in the tunnel, spilling 13,700-gallons, or 52,000-liters, of sulfuric acid, which resulted in the closure of the tunnel for about two-weeks.

Sulfuric acid is used in chemical and fertilizer manufacture; petroleum refining; battery production; cleaning agents and explosives.

These kinds of environmental disasters are actually quite common and I am comfortable speculating that there may be more to their occurrence than random chance.

Next I am going to head over to Grosse Ile, the largest island in the Detroit River, and a residential township of between 10,000 and 11,000 people in Wayne County, Michigan.

It is considered one of the Downriver communities south of Detroit.

Besides the Wayne County Bridge, also known as the “Free Bridge,” a swing-bridge that connects Grosse Ile to Trenton, Michigan, around the center of the island, the Grosse Ile Toll Bridge is also a swing bridge that connects the Grosse Ile at the northern end to the mainland at Riverview, Michigan.

The Grosse Ile Toll Bridge was said to have been financed, designed and constructed between 1912 and 1913 by the Grosse Ile Bridge Company, or GIBC, which was established as a Michigan Corporation and bridge company on May 1st of 1912.

Its primary incorporator, majority shareholder, and founding President was Grosse Ile landowner Edward W. Voigt.

We are told the bridge was opened to the general public on November 27th of 1913 and that the toll bridge was the first automobile bridge to the island at a time when the island’s population was less than 1,000.

Ownership of the Grosse Ile Toll Bridge was transferred from the GIBC to the Grosse Isle Township on March 31st of 2025.

It is interesting to note that Riverview was the location of a Nike Missile Launch site, designated site “D-54,” during the Cold War.

The Nike Missile Launch Site was located on what is now Young Patriot’s Park and the Integrated Fire Control, or IFC, for it was located at what is now the Rivergate Nursing Home and Terrace.

The Riverview Highlands Golf Course is just a short distance south of there.

Hennepin Point at the northern end of Grosse Ile was named after the 17th-century French explorer, Father Louis Hennepin, who was said to have travelled through the Great Lakes Region with the French explorer LaSalle in 1679 and that they explored the Detroit River region.

Father Hennepin is probably best-known for being credited with having been the first European to see the Niagara Falls.

Father Hennepin was a contemporary of the French Jesuit Father Jacques Marquette, who explored all over Lake Superior, Lake Michigan and Green Bay in our historical narrative.

While the Franciscans were members of related-religious orders said to have been founded by the highly-venerated and gentle St. Francis of Assisi in 1209, the Patron Saint of Animals, the Environment and Italy…

…I think the Franciscans played a similar role as the Jesuits with regards to what took place here in subverting the indigenous peoples and real history of the Americas.

The Franciscans were called the vanguard of missionary activity in the New World, but I definitely think they were also an active part of the cover-up and subversion of the original advanced civilization and its people here and in other parts of the world.

Father Hennepin was said to have left written journals describing the wild animals and abundant fruit orchards of Grosse Ile.

While we are told commercial fruit production shifted elsewhere, the island’s agricultural legacy is carried on by the Westcroft Gardens and Farm, the oldest family-owned and operated farm in the State of Michigan that was established on July 6th of 1776 in our historical narrative, owned and operated by 8-generations of the Macomb family.

Hennepin Point is described as an uninhabited, 225-acre, or 91-hectare, section at the northern tip of Grosse Ile.

It is known for a mix of historic maritime landmarks, wetlands, and long-standing environmental contamination concerns, including, but not limited to, toxic mercury waste.

It is separated from the rest of Grosse Ile’s main island by a narrow canal.

Hennepin Point is the location of the Grosse Ile North Channel Front Range Lighthouse.

It is the only historic structure remaining of what were said to have been two sets of range lights on the North Channel and South Channel constructed in the 1890s because of a dangerous obstruction on the east side of Grosse Ile.

Grosse Ile is described as a peaceful residential township.

The East River Road Historic District is along the East River Road near the eastern-end of the Grosse Ile Parkway.

The district is called a small island community consisting of 11 structures, including 7 houses; two outbuildings; St. James Episcopal Church; and the Michigan Central Railroad Depot.

This is what we are told.

These homes were built primarily in Gothic Revival and Swiss Chalet-styles, in both limestone and wood, for Detroit’s affluent families facing the Detroit River with pleasant views and large yards.

Like the Gothic-Revival “Wedding Cake House,” said to have been built in 1859 for Samuel Lewis, a prominent Detroit banker.

The Samuel T. Douglass House, Anthony Dudgeon House, and St. James Episcopal Church were said to have been designed by Gordon W. Lloyd, an English-born architect who practiced in the American Midwest from the 1850s to the 1890s.

Gordon W. Lloyd was also credited with the design of such buildings as “Building 50,” described as the massive Victorian-Italianate centerpiece of the Northern Michigan Asylum in Traverse City, Michigan, a Kirkbride Facility that first opened in 1885.

It was saved from demolition, and today is “the “The Village at Grand Traverse Commons,” featuring condos, shops, and restaurants.

So the former Northern Michigan Asylum Kirkbride facility was redeveloped as a multi-use facility after years of sitting abandoned…

…though it also has a reputation of being haunted, which is more typical than not of these places.

In 1854, Dr. Thomas S. Kirkbride first published what was considered the source book in the 19th-century for Psychiatric Directives entitled “On the Construction, Organization, and General Arrangements of Hospitals for the Insane, ” with some remarks on insanity and its treatment.

We are told that throughout the 19th-century, numerous psychiatric hospitals were designed and constructed according to the Kirkbride Plan across the U. S. and while numerous Kirkbride structures still exist, many have been demolished, partially-demolished, or repurposed like the former Northern Michigan Asylum.

The former Michigan Central Railroad Depot still stands in the East River Road Historic District, and along with the former Customs House of the Canada Southern Railway, are part of the Historical Museum of the Grosse Ile Historical Society.

This location is right next to the Detroit River where it forms the international border with Canada.

We are told that in 1873, the Canada Southern Railway established a freight system across Grosse Ile, ferrying goods and passengers from Amherstburg , Ontario, to Stony Island – part of Michigan’s Grosse Ile Township and today an uninhabited island used by the public for fishing and hunting – then transporting them via rail across Grosse Ile where the Grosse Ile Parkway is now, to the mainland across the previously-mentioned former railroad bridge that is the Wayne County Bridge.

Crystal Island is located on the international border, and is part of Amherstburg, Ontario, and is a nature preserve.

With its distinctively pointed-shape, it is called an artificial island that was said to have been created to provide and make a deeper shipping lane.

And there are still railroad tracks in Amherstburg right across the Detroit River from the location of the historic Railroad Depot and Customs House, and the Point West golf Club just above the railroad tracks.

Today, we are told Amherstburg has no active heavy rail passenger or commercial train operations running directly into the town core today as its historical steam and electric lines have been converted in to heritage sites and public recreation greenways, like the Gibson Gallery and the Cypher Systems Group Greenway.

We are told the Gibson Gallery was the town’s original 1892 Michigan Central Railway Station that was saved and designated under the Ontario Heritage Act, and now operates as an art gallery and cultural space.

The Cypher Systems Greenway is a 14-mile, or 23-kilometer, multi-use rail-trail in an abandoned rail-line that runs between Amherstburg and Essex where it connects with the Chrysler Canada Greenway.

Besides the historic Michigan Central/Canada Southern Railroad, another historic rail-lines here were the Sandwich, Windsor and Amherstburg Railway, which was an electric interurban streetcar line connecting Windsor, LaSalle and Amherstburg from 1903 until interurban rail service ended in 1938.

More on Amherstburg to come shortly.

Fighting Island is to the northeast of Grosse Ile in the Detroit River.

Fighting Island is the largest Canadian Island in the Detroit River. and part of the town of LaSalle, Ontario.

In 1918, Fighting Island was purchased by John Ford of the Michigan Alkali Company, and was used as a location to deposit waste from their industrial plants, which produced soda ash, lye, and baking soda, and nearly 20,000,000-yards-squared, or 15,000,000-meters-squared, was dumped on the island in its industrial history, which ended in 1982.

The Michigan Alkali Company became the Wyandotte Chemicals Corporation, which was subsequently bought by BASF, a German Multinational company and the largest chemical producer in the world, who currently owns the island and we are told successfully removed the waste for proper disposal and rebuilt the natural habitat of the island.

BASF now manages Fighting Island as an ecological restoration and wildlife habitat area.

BASF operates a major chemical manufacturing facility across from Fighting Island in Wyandotte, Michigan.

It generates $1.9-billion in annual economic impact, and employs a significant portion of the region’s workforce.

There are 31 charted islands in the Detroit River, most of which are small, uninhabited, and on the American-side of the River.

Here is an historic map showing 22 of the islands.

It is interesting to note that one of the islands, Zug Island, a private island just south of the city of Detroit, is described as an artificial island that was once connected to the mainland at the mouth of the River Rouge, but we are told its original landowner, Samuel Zug, had a small canal created to set the land off as an island.

The island became the site of several steel mills in 1902, in what was called the age of rapid industrial development along the Detroit River.

Zug Island still houses a large steel mill today owned by U. S. Steel, with no public access allowed.

It is known as one of the most intensely polluted industrial sites in the Midwest.

The last place I am going to look at on Grosse Ile is the Grosse Ile Municipal Airport on the southern end of the island.

We are told that it started out in 1929 as Naval Reserve Air Base Grosse Ile, with a training base, seaplane base, and dirigible hangar.

It was renamed Naval Air Station Grosse Ile during World War II, and the installation was operated until 1969, at which time it closed down and was turned over to the Township in 1971 for use as a general aviation airport.

Today the Grosse Ile Municipal Airport is a general aviation facility and a local reliever airport facility for busy commercial hub airports.

It was named as one of the top regional airports for corporate aviation by DBusiness Magazine in 2020.

The Airport at the southern end of Grosse Ile brings to mind the Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport, also known as the Toronto Islands Airport, named after the Canadian World War I flying ace and World War II Air Marshall.

We are told the construction of the Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport was completed by 1939, which was the beginning of World War II, and that it had originally been conceived of as Toronto’s main airport, but that distinction ended up going to the Toronto Pearson International Airport.

The Billy Bishop Airport is used by civil aviation, regional airlines using turbo-prop airplanes, and air ambulances, and in 2022, was ranked as Canada’s 9th-busiest airport.

Similar to the 31 charted islands that are found in the Detroit River, the Toronto Islands are a chain of 15 small islands off of mainland Toronto in Lake Ontario, a short ferry ride from downtown Toronto.

The Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport is adjacent to Hanlan’s Point Beach on Hanlan’s Island.

Hanlan’s Point Beach was the location of the former Hanlan’s Point Amusement Park, and was considered Canada’s answer to Coney Island in New York City.

It operated from the 1880s until the 1930s, and in its heyday, was one of Toronto’s major attractions, with a roller coaster, miniature train, midway, grandstand, a vaudeville theater, and other attractions.

We are told that what was left of the park was demolished in 1937 to make room for the Toronto City Airport.

The Gibraltar Point Lighthouse is also located on the southern end of Hanlan’s Island, which is the most westerly of the Toronto Islands.

The Gibraltar Point Lighthouse is said to be the oldest existing lighthouse on the Great Lakes and one of the oldest buildings in Toronto, with construction started in 1808 and first lit in 1809.

Decommissioned in 1956, it is still unused, though occasionally open for public tours, including on the Doors Open Toronto weekend.

Important to note that the Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport also has the Riverdale Park Track located northeast of it in a linear alignment that crosses through the real estate on the Toronto Waterfront containing the Union Station, CN Tower, Rogers Center, Roundhouse Park in an area of the city called the “Railroad Lands.”

Similarly, the Grosse Ile Municipal Airport is in a linear alignment with the previously-mentioned Flat Rock Raceway, also an area with major railway infrastructure like the CN-Flat Rock Yard that at one time had a roundhouse as well as previously-mentioned.

I have found countless examples in my present and past research of airports having some kind of track in linear relationships short distances away, just like what we see here in Toronto and Grosse Ile.

Also like the location of the Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport with the former Hanlan’s Point Amusement Park and Gibraltar Lighthouse, Bois Blanc Island, popularly known as “Boblo Island,” located in the Detroit River between the airport on southern end of Grosse Ile and the city of Amherstburg on the mainland in Ontario, was the location of a former amusement park and has an historic lighthouse as well.

The island is most famous for the Boblo Island Amusement Park on the southside of the island, which operated from 1898 to 1993.

Visitors to the park would come via excursion steamships like the SS Columbia and the SS Ste. Claidr from the Boblo docks in Detroit.

The SS Columbia was said to have been built in 1902 and the SS Ste. Claire in 1910.

They were said to have been designed by naval architect Francis E. Kirby.

Each ship spanned 208-feet, or 63-meters, in length, and 45-feet, or 14-meters, in width, and had a carrying capacity of 2,500 to 3,000 passengers.

The boats featured dance floors, concession stands, and polished woodwork.

We are told that regular steamship service ended when the park closed in 1991 due to rising costs and declining attendance, and were designated as National Historic Landmarks in 1992.

The SS Ste. Claire suffered damage in a severe fire during restoration efforts in Detroit, and the SS Columbia was moved first to New York, and later Ohio.

We are told that in the early years of the Boblo Island Amusement Park, Henry Ford financed a dance hall that was rumored to have been designed and built by the previously-mentioned Albert Kahn, but then was determined to have been built by John Scott, another Detroit architect.

We are told the dance hall was the second-largest in the world, holding 5,000 dancers at full capacity.

To me, the Boblo Dance Hall has that airship hangar look to it.

The amusement park was left largely abandoned after its final closure in September of 1993, though parts of the property have since been redeveloped into a private upscale residential and waterfront community.

The island has no bridges connecting to the mainland but local ferries continue to serve the residents that live here.

The park’s rides were sold off in 1994, leaving empty grounds, overgrown paths, and decaying historic structures like its famous dance pavilion.

In our historical narrative, the 40-foot, or 12-meter, -tall limestone Lighthouse was constructed on Boblo Island in 1836 as an aid to navigation at the mouth of the Detroit River, and that the island then served as a military outpost.

The lighthouse was decommissioned in the late 1950s, but the structure remains to this day.  

Next, I am going to crossover at this location near the entrance of the Detroit River to Amherstburg in Ontario, and look at the Fort Malden Historic Site; the Amherstburg Navy Yard Historic Site; and the Belle Vue Historic Site.

We are told that Fort Malden was established here by the British in what became Amherstburg in 1796 following the loss of their thirteen colonies after the end of the American Revolutionary War in 1783, and it was occupied as a garrison.

The British presence in this area stimulated its development and the Crown granted land to Loyalists in Upper Canada in compensation for losses during the Revolutionary War or as payment for service during the war.

Upper Canada was an historical colony in North America that existed from 1791 to 1841 covering what is now the southern portion of Ontario, and became the primary destination of Loyalists and settlers from the United States.

Fort Malden was the location I mentioned previously where we are told American troops were taken as prisoners after the Battle of the River Raisin in January of 1813.

It was also the location in our historical narrative where Sir Isaac Brock, a British Major-General, and Tecumseh, a Shawnee chief and warrior who formed an inter-tribal Confederacy to resist the expansion of the United States onto indigenous lands, met to plan the Siege of Detroit, also known as the Battle of Fort Detroit, an early engagement in the War of 1812 that took place on the 15th and 16th of August of 1812, and in which the British-Indigenous forces were victorious.

We are told the British held Detroit for more than a year before their naval squadron was defeated at the Battle of Lake Erie in September of 1813, which forced them to abandon the western frontier of Upper Canada.

The Amherstburg Navy Yard National Historic Site is a 10.5-acre, or 4.25-hectare, waterfront public space on the Detroit River.

In our historical narrative, it served as a key British Naval Station for Lakes Erie and Huron from 1796 to 1813, and it was operated by the Provincial Marine and the Royal Navy, and that it was abandoned and burned by retreating British forces in 1813.

The Belle Vue National Historic Site is described as a vacant, historic, 1819 Palladian-style villa built for Fort Malden Commissary Robert Reynolds following the War of 1812, and he shared the villa with his sister, Catherine Reynolds, a noted 19th-century artist.

Over the decades, the villa has served as a private home; a World War I Veterans Convalescent Hospital; and a Ukrainian Catholic Church.

It was said to have been built between 1816 and 1819, and one of only two Palladian-style domestic architecture buildings in Canada, but the historic property has been empty and faced severe neglect and deterioration for years.

Though proposals have been made to redevelop and restore it, the restoration effort has hit economic roadblocks and is currently stalled.

Palladian architecture was a European architectural-style said to have been derived from Venetian architect Andrea Palladio, who lived between 1508 and 1580, whose work was based on the formal classical temple architecture of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

Next, moving in a southeasterly direction on the northern Lake Erie shore from the Amherstburg-area, I would talk about the area as a grape-growing and wine-producing region; Oxley Bluffs; the John R. Park Homestead Conservation Area; the Kingsville Rear Range Lighthouse and the Kingsville Golf & Country Club.

First, the Lake Erie North Shore is Canada’s southernmost and oldest commercial grape-growing and wine-producing region with at least 20 wineries.

It stretches from Amherstburg to Leamington in Essex County, and includes Ontario’s Pelee Island.

The world’s leading wine regions are between the 30th- and 50th-degree parallels North, and Ontario sits perfectly within this range at between 41 and 44-degrees North.

Besides the Lake Erie North Shore region, which is on the same latitude as Napa Valley in California, Bordeaux in France, and Tuscany in Italy, the Niagara Wine Region on Lake Ontario’s South Shore and Prince Edward County on Lake Ontario’s North Shore are acclaimed for their exceptional Ontario wines.

I found the exact same thing all along the south shore of Lake Erie.

The Lake Erie American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a 53-mile, or 85-kilometer, -long grape-growing region covering 2.2-million-acres, or 890,000-hectares, along the southern-shore of Lake Erie, stretching from Toledo, Ohio, to Buffalo, New York.

It is the largest AVA east of the Rockies, and known for its unique “lake effect” climate that is ideal for the growing of concord grapes, among other varieties, as the shallow lake moderates temperatures from harsh winters, protecting the vines and extending the growing season.

This includes the Lake Erie Islands, which have current and/or historic vineyards and wineries on Ohio’s Catawba Island; the South Bass, Middle Bass, an North Bass Islands; Kelley ‘s Island and Ontario’s Pelee Island.

The North Bass Island is known as Isle St. George.

As a matter of fact, the Isle St. George American Viticultural Area (AVA), which was established in 1982, is one of the most unusual wine regions in the United States, shown here on this map of the Ohio AVA along the southern shore of Lake Erie.

Commercial grape-growing on Isle St. George dates back to the 1850s, with more than half the island being planted in grapes historically and the island’s primary industry.

Almost 90% of the island is owned by the State of Ohio, featuring protected wetlands and vineyards.

The Finger Lakes Region to the south of Lake Ontario and to the east of Lake Erie, especially around Seneca Lake and Cayuga lake, is another American Viticultural Area known for its grape-growing, and accounts for about 80% of New York State’s wine-production.

The next places I want to look at are the Oxley Bluffs and the John R. Park Homestead Conservation Area.

First, Oxley Bluffs are described as a scenic stretch of elevated shoreline along the north shore of Lake Erie in the Hamlet of Oxley near Harrow in Ontario’s Essex County.

The bluffs rise 30 to 65-feet, or 10- to 20-meters above Lake Erie, and said to have been formed by glacial deposits and erosion over thousands of years.

Oxley was a popular summer resort around the turn of the 20th-century, with many visitors arriving by rail from Detroit to Harrow, and would travel to the bluff overlooking Lake Erie to stay at places like the Ravine Hotel.

The rail line that came through Harrow was originally the Lake Erie and Detroit River Railway.

It was said to have been founded by Hiram Walker in 1885 to connect Walkerville in Windsor and southern Essex County.

Hiram Walker was a 19th-century American entrepreneur that established a whiskey-distillery that produced the top export whiskey Canadian Club in Windsor in 1890, in what was called a model community specifically for the distillery that became known as “Walkerville.”

The Pere Marquette Railway acquired the Lake Erie and Detroit River Railway in 1903 and ran active passenger and freight services through southern Ontario to St. Thomas, roughly along the north shore of Lake Erie.

Passenger service along this route ended in 1955, and CSX Transportation is the current owner of any tracks that remain in operation.

The Windsor, Essex and Lake Shore Rapid Railway was an historic 37-mile, or 60-kilometer, electric radial railway in southern Ontario, connecting cities from Windsor to Leamington from 1907 to 1932, and was dismantled completely in 1935.

These “radial railways,” also known as “interurbans” were electric passenger railway networks that radiated outward from major city centers like spokes on a wheel, connecting urban downtowns with surrounding suburbs, rural towns and neighboring cities.

The disappearance of the rail and interurban history here reflects the broader story of railroading that we have been seeing of rapid-growth in the mid-to-late 19th-century; peak influence in the early 20th-century, and decline in the years preceding and following World War II, in the 1930s and 1940s, for given reasons like increased automobile ownership; expansion of bus service; and better roads and highways.

With respect to Oxley Bluffs, in this series I have been making note of the bluffs around the shores of not only Lake Erie, but all of the Great Lakes, and believe them to have been visible remnants of places where the land broke off or became submerged when the original energy grid was destroyed around key infrastructure of that energy grid, including but not limited to, rail infrastructure, lighthouses, star forts, canals, nuclear and other power plants, airports, and a sophisticated hydroelectric system that included waterfalls.

So I’ll insert here my belief that all the bluffs and cliffs we are seeing is where land was previously, and it sheared off and is now below the surface of the water.

When the word “sheer” is used to refer to a cliff, it means a high area of land with a very steep side.

One of the meanings of the word “shear” spelled with an “a” is to break off, or be cut off, sharply.

A synonym of the word for “sheer cliff” is “bluff.”

Another meaning of the word “bluff” is a deception, or an attempt to deceive.

Next, the John R. Park Homestead Conservation Area.

This is an Ontario Heritage Trust-designated property that today is an agricultural and living history museum of farm life in the 19th-century.

We are told that it was originally the home of John and Amelia Park.

I think living history museums, and museums of all kinds, as well as expositions and exhibitions, are and were some of the ways the new historical narrative to explain the world we live in has been seeded into our collective consciousness.

It was on land purchased by John, Theodore and Thomas Park who had moved from Massachusetts to Upper Canada, and purchased a 114-acre, or 46-hectare, lot on Lake Erie.

The Parks brothers owned a sawmill, general store, Great Lakes shipping line, and were large land-holders in the area.

Next, Kingsville, the Kingsville Rear Range Lighthouse and the Kingsville Golf & Country Club.

Interesting to note that Kingsville has the distinction of being Canada’s southernmost town.

The area is one of Canada’s most productive agricultural regions, famous for large greenhouse operations producing things like tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, strawberries and flowers, along with its vineyards and wineries.

Kingsville is near the previously-mentioned Chrysler Canada Greenway, a recreational rail-trail that was formerly part of the rail corridor for the Lake Erie and Detroit River Railway founded by Whiskey-magnate Hiram Walker.

The rail-line was abandoned in the late 20th-century, and the corridor donated to the Essex County Conservation Authority.

Chrysler Canada contributed funding toward converting it into a recreational trail, and the Greenway officially opened in 1997.

The Greenway runs for 28-miles, or 45-kilometers, from the Windsor-area through Essex County to Ruthven, just northwest of Kingsville.

The Kingsville Rear Range Lighthouse is described as an historic wooden tower built in 1889 in the Kingsville Harbor to guide ships, and its active service ended in 1936.

After retirement, it was moved to Kingsville Historical Park as a local heritage monument.

Next up, the nearby Kingsville Golf & Country Club.

It has been operating since 1925, and is one of Essex County’s best known golf facilities.

The course is known for its rolling terrain, mature trees, and numerous bunkers and water hazards on many holes.

Now we are heading into the Leamington area, where I am going to be looking at the Leamington Lighthouse, Raceway, Airport, Pelee Island and Point Pelee National Park.

Leamington is the second-largest urban center in the Windsor-Essex region after Windsor, with a population of close to 30,000-people.

Leamington is called the “Tomato Capital of Canada.”

Today it’s famous for its greenhouse industry, though it has a long-history of field-grown tomatoes.

Agriculture and food-processing are the backbone of the local economy.

Leamington grew quickly after the H. J. Heinz Company established a processing plant there in 1908, making ketchup and other tomato products.

The tomato-processing operation continued under new ownership after Heinz ended their operations here in 2014.

Henry John Heinz was the founder of the condiment-manufacturing H. J. Heinz Company .

During the mid-19th-century, his parent immigrated from Germany to Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania.

By the time of his death in 1919, the H. J. Heinz Company owned over twenty food-processing plants, as well as seed farms and container factories.

Heinz merged with Kraft in 2015 to become the world’s fifth-largest food and beverage company.

The Leamington Raceway is a standardbred harness horse-racing track that was established in 1900.

It is located on the Leamington Fairgrounds, and although it is a small venue, it has hosted the Ontario Sires Stakes, one of the premiere standardbred harness-racing programs in North America and has long been an important stop for Ontario’s harness-racing community.

The Leamington Airport is a short-distance to the southeast of the Leamington Raceway.

The Leamington Airport is a small public general aviation airport serving private pilots, business aircraft, flight training, agricultural aviation, and recreational flying.

The Leamington Lighthouse is described as a square, pyramidal wooden tower constructed in 1880 to guide ships into Leamington’s port and It was decommissioned in 1923.

Here is an historic photo of it standing right next to what looks like sheared-off land.

Like what you see in this circa 1910 photo of the Outer Island Lighthouse in Wisconsin’s Apostle Islands.

There are eight lighthouses in the Apostle Islands, a group of 22 islands in Lake Superior.

So this is very much like the appearance of all the scattered little island groups we have seen thus far in this post in the Detroit River, Toronto Harbor, and Lake Erie.

We are told the Leamington Lighthouse was moved from its original location to what became a privately-owned community now known as the Lighthouse Club, just north of Seacliff Beach.

Seacliff Beach and Seacliff Park are among Leamington’s oldest and historically significant public spaces.

Seacliff Park was created in 1907 and was one of southwestern Ontario’s popular summer destinations.

Visitors came to enjoy a boathouse and a bathhouse; a baseball diamond; a boardwalk connecting the waterfront and dock to the park; a large pavilion for dances, picnics, and community events; and a pavilion for concerts and performances.

The pavilion was one of the park’s best-known landmarks and was said to have been built in 1914, which would have been the first year of World War I.

It hosted dances, celebrations and gatherings for years before being demolished in the 1950s.

Today, Seacliff Beach is one of Essex County’s most popular public beaches, with recreational amenities and connections to Pelee Island.

What is called the Pelee Passage New Lighthouse is in-between the mainland and Pelee Island, and Lighthouse Point Provincial Nature Reserve is on the northern end of Pelee Island.

The base of the Pelee Passage New Lighthouse lighthouse stands on a shoal that is 13-feet, or 4-meters, below the surface of the water.

A shoal is defined as a place where a body of water is shallow, and where a ridge, bank or bar is close to the surface of the water, and poses a danger to navigation.

We are told the first lighthouse in the Pelee Passage was built in 1857, but it burned down in 1900.

It was replaced with another lighthouse that lasted until 1975, when it was replaced by the current lighthouse.

Next, the Lighthouse Point Provincial Nature Reserve.

It has a lighthouse that was said to have been built around 1833, and said to be the second-oldest Canadian lighthouse on Lake Erie.

It also has rare species of plants and animals, though the land here is classified as wetlands, savannahs, and the remnants of deciduous forests.

Pelee Island is the southernmost permanently inhabited point in Canada.

It is the largest island in Lake Erie, and has one of the warmest climates in Canada, and also a wine region.

The Pelee Island Winery is one of Canada’s largest.

It started modern operations in the 1980s and also helped revive the historic viticulture on Pelee island.

The Stone Road Alvar Nature Reserve is on the southern end of Pelee Island.

The Stone Road Alvar Nature Reserve preserves what is called a rare “alvar” ecosystem, which is a habitat where thin soil lies directly over flat, limestone bedrock where only specialized plants and animals can survive.

The reserve protects rare and endangered species like prairie plants not common in Canada; orchids; snakes and reptiles; migratory birds; and butterflys and moths.

I want to point out that limestone was a common building material in the ancient world, and used in constructions like the Pyramids of Giza…

…and the Western Wall, also known as the “Wailing Wall,” an ancient limestone wall in the old city of Jerusalem.

There are two things that I would like to mention before I move on from here.

The first is about lighthouses.

I have no doubt that the original purpose of lighthouses is not what we are told, and that the people who took credit for building them did not build them.

I think “lighthouses” were quite literally referring to “a house for light” for the purposes of precisely distributing the energy generated by this gigantic integrated system that existed all over the Earth that was in perfect alignment with everything on Earth and in heaven.

Even the colossal “Statue of Liberty” was a lighthouse in Upper New York Bay, and utilized as such from November 1st of 1886 until March 1st of 1902 in our historical record, and I have found that all lighthouses were in perfect alignment with the heavens, including solar, lunar, and Milky Way alignments.

These are just a few of countless examples to show you what I am talking about.

They certainly became utilized as navigational aids, but I think that was because the land sheared off and sank right beside where they were located, creating the rocky and dangerous reefs and shallow areas in the waters that the lighthouses became needed for.

The second thing I would like to mention is the incredible fertility of the Great Lakes Region with world-class vineyards, fruit orchards, and farming in general, that I have found and documented throughout this series, particularly around Lakes Michigan, Huron, Ontario, and Erie, and a significant economic driver of the region.

I suspect the agricultural productivity of this region to be in part due to a connection from the original energy grid system between the railroad, hydroelectric system, and all kinds of agricultural activity, functioning as the original electroculture.

Point Pelee National Park is to the southeast of Leamington and the northeast of Pelee Island.

Point Pelee National Park is located on a narrow spit of land extending into Lake Erie that is the southernmost point of mainland Canada.

It is a major stopover for migrating birds and monarch butterflies.

The park contains marshes, beaches, savanna, and a rare Carolinian forest, a type of deciduous forest where plant and animal species are more commonly found in the Carolinas and other parts of the eastern United States.

The southern tip of Point Pelee is a shifting sandbar where visitors can stand in water on both sides.

Its shape is constantly changing from waves, currents and changing lake levels.

The Hillman Marsh Conservation Area is just a short distance from Point Pelee going north around the lakeshore.

It is one of the largest remaining wetlands in Essex County, and like Point Pelee, known for having a Carolinian-type ecosystem, and provides habitat for many rare and endangered plant and animal species.

Hillman Marsh sits behind a natural barrier beach along Lake Erie, and in recent years, erosion, storms, and high-water levels have breached part of that barrier, exposing the marsh to stronger waves and changing water conditions.

As a result, current restoration projects aim to rebuild and strengthen the barrier beach and improve wetland habitat.

A barrier beach is defined as a long, low-lying strip of sand and dunes that runs parallel to the mainland, separated from it by a lagoon, marsh, or bay.

An embayment is defined as a recess in a coastline forming a bay.

Also interesting to note that the Hillman Marsh Conservation Area is located close to the Leamington Airport, which is another consistent finding of airports right next to wetlands, like estuaries and lagoons.

Examples include, but are far from limited to, Sydney International Airport on Botany Bay in Australia and JFK International Airport on Jamaica Bay in New York City, both of which are classified as estuaries.

An “estuary” is defined as a partially-enclosed, coastal body of brackish water, which is water that is salty, dirty & unpleasant, with one or more rivers flowing into it, and a connection to the open sea.

Now I am going to head 38-miles, or 61-kilometers, east to the Rondeau West Breakwater Range Lighthouse and the Rondeau Provincial Park.

The Rondeau Provincial Park is situated on a sandy peninsula featuring 7-miles, or 11-kilometers, of beaches and Carolinian forests.

It is the second oldest Provincial Park in Ontario, having been established in 1894, after Algonquin Provincial Park which was established in 1893.

The West Breakwater Range Lighthouse of today is described as a 1912 square concrete tower, and modified from an 1891 structure.

To make a long story short, this is what we are told about the history of a lighthouse here.

In 1843, Canada’s Board of Works noted that there was scarcely one harbor on the Canadian-side of Lake Erie which was not in a state of dilapidation, and that to remedy this, the Board announced plans to convert the Rondeau Bay location into a good harbor by the construction of a breakwater and two piers.

The government started dredging the sandbar separating the bay from Lake Erie in 1844, building a set of parallel piers and building a lighthouse.

Then in 1876, two wooden lighthouses were erected and first lit on September 7th to allow ship captains to steer precisely into narrow channels, and that in 1891, the system was modernized with a new octagonal lighthouse constructed as shipping was increased.

The lighthouse on the east breakwater today is described as a steel, skeletal tower that was built in 1905.

As I make my way east across Lake Erie’s north shore towards Long Point at a distance of 75-miles, or 120-kilometers, I want to take a look in-between these two places at the locations of Moraviantown and London.

First Moraviantown.

The Battle of the Thames, also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, took place on October 5th of 1813.

The Battle of the Thames was an American victory in the War of 1812 against Tecumseh’s Confederacy and their British allies.

As a result of the battle, Tecumseh was killed, his confederacy fell apart, and the British lost control of southwestern Ontario.

Today it is the location of the Moravian-on-the-Thames First Nation Reserve, a branch of the Lenape who were converted to Christianity by Moravian missionaries from Pennsylvania, one of the oldest Protestant denominations.

At the time of the battle, the community of this First Nation, known as the Christian Munsee, was burned to the ground and rebuilt at its current location.

The nearby Tecumseh Monument is a stone marker and a larger federal plaque at the location where Tecumseh was killed in action on the day of the battle.

During the War of 1812, the historical figure of Lewis Cass rose through the officer ranks to become a Brigadier General in the U. S. Army in March of 1813, and he took part in the Battle of the Thames

I first learned about Lewis Cass when I was researching the State of Michigan in my series on who is represented in the National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol in Washington, DC.

I learned a lot about obscured history and what the official historical narrative tells us about what has taken place here from the research I have done so far on who is represented there. 

After having gone through approximately half of the states, I have found that regardless of fame or obscurity, the National Statuary Hall functions more-or-less as a “Who’s Who” for the New World Order and its Agenda..

The State of Michigan is represented by Lewis Cass, as well as Gerald Ford.

Cass joined the Freemasons as an Entered Apprentice, the first degree of Freemasonry, at a lodge in Marietta, Ohio, in 1803 , and by May of 1804, he achieved the Master Mason degree, the third-degree of Freemasonry.

Lewis Cass was a charter member of the Lodge of Amity No. 5 in Zanesville, admitted in June of 1805, and was one of the founders of the Grand Lodge of Ohio in January of 1808, serving as its Grand Master multiple years.

Lewis Cass had been appointed as the Governor of the Michigan Territory by President James Madison in October of 1813, a position in which he served until 1831.

During this time, he travelled frequently to negotiate treaties with the indigenous peoples in Michigan, in which they ceded substantial amounts of land.

Cass resigned as the Governor of Michigan in 1831 to become President Andrew Jackson’s Secretary of War, a position he would hold for the next 5-years.

As President Jackson’s Secretary of War, Cass was central in implementing the Indian Removal policy of the Jackson administration after Congress passed the Indian Removal Act in 1830.

The Indian Removal Act was directed specifically at the Five Civilized Tribes of the Southeastern United States – the Cherokee, Creeks, Seminole, Chickasaw and Choctaw – though it also affected tribes in Ohio, Illinois and other areas east of the Mississippi River.

Most were forced to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska.

The City of London, Ontario, is further up the Thames River from Moraviantown.

Today, London has a population of around 400,000 people and is the largest municipality in southwestern Ontario.

It is centrally-located at approximately 120-miles, or 200-kilometers, from both Toronto and Detroit, and 140-miles, or 230-kilometers, from Buffalo, and is at the junction of Highways 401 and 402, which directly connects it with these major cities of the region.

In our historical narrative, the region has long been home to the Anishinaabeg, Haudenosaunee, and Lenape peoples for 10s of thousands of years.

We are told John Graves Simcoe, the Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada from 1791 to 1796, selected this location as his preferred site for the capital of Upper Canada in 1793, and named it after the City of London and its River Thames, though the capital of Upper Canada ultimately became what is now Toronto.

London was founded in 1826; incorporated as a town in 1840; and became a city on January 1st of 1855.

The arrival of the Great Western Railway in 1853 made it a transportation hub, and besides being in a rich agricultural region, manufacturing expanded, including breweries, farm equipment, foundries and furniture.

Noteworthy places in London include Western University, which was founded in 1878.

…and Victoria Park in downtown London, a major community event venue with a bandshell, the location of which was said to have started out as the site of a British garrison in 1838.

The year of 1855 that London became a city was two years before Ottawa became the capital of Canada.

Our historical narrative tells us that on New Year’s Eve of 1857, Queen Victoria was presented with the responsibility of choosing the location for the permanent capital of Canada, with Ottawa being described as a small, frontier town.

The Parliament buildings pictured here were said to have been constructed between 1859 and 1866, in an architectural style called Gothic Revival.

This is a view of Parliament Hill from the Rideau Canal.

Next, I am going to head down to Long Point from London.

Long Point was established as a Provincial Park in May of 1921, and is described as one of Ontario’s most remarkable natural landmarks.

It stretches about 25-miles, or 40 kilometers into Lake Erie from Norfolk County.

It is the longest freshwater sand spit in the world and features dynamic sand dunes, wetlands, and rare Carolinian forests.

It is also a critical stopover for migratory birds and waterfowl, as it lies on one of North America’s busiest migratory bird flyways, with more than 300 bird species recorded.

Like Humbug Marsh back on the Detroit River in Michigan, Long Point is a Ramsar Site designated to be of international importance.

Following the American Revolution, Loyalists and other settlers began arriving in Norfolk County during the 1790s.

Long Point itself remained sparsely settled because of its shifting sands, wetlands, and isolation, and because it wasn’t a good location for farming, it became known for fishing, commercial waterfowl hunting, timber harvesting, and later, recreation and tourism.

Long Point has one of the most notorious reputations on the Great Lakes as it projects far into Lake Erie, creating shoals that extend well offshore.

Historians estimate that hundreds of ships have been wrecked around Long Point over the past two centuries, leading some to nickname the area the “Graveyard of Lake Erie.”

We are told because of the dangers, several lighthouses were built on Long Point, and that the first was established in 1833 near the tip of the peninsula.

The Long Point Lighthouse today was said to have been constructed in 1916, which would have been in the middle of World War I.

It sits within a fragile wildlife preserve.

There is also the historic Old Cut Lighthouse on Long Point.

The Old Cut Lighthouse was said to have been built in 1879 to navigate a narrow channel called “the Old Cut,” which was said to have opened up during a storm in the 1830s.

It was decommissioned in 1916, and sold into private hands.

It remains standing today as a private residence.

Interesting to note that in 1866, a group of sportsmen formed the Long Point Company and purchased much of the peninsula as a private hunting preserve, and the company still owns a significant portion of Long Point today.

Now I am going to move over from Long Point and take a look at the Port Dover-area.

I am specifically interested in the Port Dover Lighthouse and the Lynn River Falls.

Port Dover is an unincorporated community and former town.

It’s biggest claim to fame these days is the Friday the 13th Motorcycle Rally held every Friday the 13th, and in the summer months its attendance exceeds 100,000.

We are told the first settlers in the area were United Empire Loyalists in 1794, and it was incorporated as a village in 1835 and later as a town.

It lost its independent town status when it was incorporated into the new city of Nanticoke in 1974.

The Port Dover Lighthouse is said to be one of the best-known landmarks on the north shore of Lake Erie, and one of Ontario’s oldest surviving small wooden harbor lighthouses.

We are told the first lighthouse was built in this location around 1845 and 1846, and that it was rebuilt in 1847, which is the structure we see today.

For much of the 19th-century, Port Dover was an important commercial harbor for things like grain, lumber, coal, fish and passengers.

The Hamilton and Lake Erie Railway (H & LER) began operating here in 1873, and was soon merged with the Hamilton and Northwestern Railway which completed the final section from Port Dover to Jarvis in the mid-1870s.

The Port Dover and Lake Huron Railway was one of the most important regional railways in southwestern Ontario during the late-19th-century, and the line opened for traffic in 1875.

It allowed Port Dover to develop into a busy shipping port and connected the agricultural Norfolk and Oxford counties to larger rail networks, and became the backbone of a rail-system that reached Lake Huron.

The South Norfolk Railway started operating in the county in 1889, an historic branch line that ran from Simcoe to Port Rowan, and connecting indirectly to the primary lake port network centered around Port Dover via the Port Dover and Lake Huron Railway.

The interurban that served Port Dover was the Lake Erie & Northern Railway (LE & N), and operated for passenger service between 1916 and 1955, with freight service continuing until 1961.

The route of the LE & N was Galt (now part of Cambridge) – Brantford – Simcoe – Port Dover.

It used 1,500-volt DC overhead, which was unusually high-voltage for a North American interurban, and it became famous as the “Dover Beach” train carrying thousands of vacationers to Lake Erie’s beaches in the summer months.

We are told that in 1921 alone, it carried over 600,000 passengers.

Portions of the local rail corridors, such as the Lynn Valley Trail, now serve as recreational trails connecting Simcoe and Port Dover.

The Lynn Valley Trail follows the old railway line alongside the Lynn River between Simcoe and Port Dover.

The Lynn River is described as a relatively important but small river in southwestern Ontario, flowing through the heart of Norfolk County and passing through Simcoe before emptying into Lake Erie at Port Dover.

There are two reservoirs on the Lynn River – one at Crystal Lake in Simcoe and Silver Lake at Port Dover.

Crystal Lake and man-made reservoir is adjacent to Wellington Park in the heart of Simcoe.

It features what is described as a small local landmark lighthouse.

Silver Lake in Port Dover is described as one of its defining landmarks.

It is an artifical lake that was created by damming the Lynn River in the mid-19th-century.

We are told the dam was created in 1856 in order to provide water-power for the Norfolk Woollen Mill and other industries.

We are told that for much of its history, Silver Lake was an economic driver for Port Dover, powering woollen and knitting mills; ice-harvesting in the wintertime; greenhouse operations for local agriculture, and the former railway passed along its eastern edge.

This brings me to the Lynn River Falls.

The Lynn River Falls are described as a small and picturesque waterfall about 3 – 6-feet, or 1 – 2-meters, high, and fall over a “bedrock ledge” in the valley near the mouth of the Lynn River, with the water flow of the falls affected by seasonal weather conditions.

The falls are located on the east-side of Port Dover, close to McQueen Cemetery and not far from Silver Lake and the Lynn Valley Trail.

There are several things I would like to make note of here.

The first thing is that I consistently find present and past railroad lines running alongside “rivers.

There’s the railroad that runs alongside the New River through the New River Gorge in West Virginia on the top left; alongside the Lehigh River through the Lehigh Gorge in Pennsylvania on the top right; the Royal Gorge Railroad alongside the Arkansas River going through the Royal Gorge in Colorado on the bottom left; and alongside the Sacramento River through the Sacramento River Canyon in California on the bottom right.

I also consistently find hydroelectric dams and reservoir sites with railroads close by, like the Davis Island Lock & Dam in Avalon, Pennsylvania, on the top left; the Wells Dam in Chelan, Washington, on the top right; the John Day Dam and Umatilla Reservoir on the Columbia River between Washington and Oregon, on the bottom left; and on the bottom right, the flooding of Celilo when The Dalles Dam was completed in Oregon – Celilo was one of the oldest, continuously inhabited places in North America.

Then there are cemeteries.

I have found waterfalls and cemeteries co-located, like in Buffalo, New York, where Scajaquada Creek passes over Serenity Falls in the Forest Lawn Cemetery on its way to Delaware Park.

Forest Lawn Cemetery is next to Delaware Park.

Delaware Park was considered the centerpiece of the Buffalo Olmsted Park System, New York’s oldest system of paths and pathways, which included six parks, seven parkways, eight landscaped circles, and other public spaces, said to have been designed with Calvert Vaux between 1868 and 1876, the famous duo of landscape architects who also received credit for the design of Central Park in New York City in our historical narrative.

We are told that Olmsted dammed Scajaquada Creek to create what is called Hoyt Lake today, and that was a feature during the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo.

The last point I would like to make here is about waterfalls.

I have been stating my belief throughout this series that the Great Lakes were formed from tremendous amounts of water from the outflow of the waterfalls and the interconnected hydrology of the canal system found throughout the Great Lakes region.

This map gives you an idea of just how many waterfalls are found throughout the region, and it is very important to note there are many more waterfalls than what is shown here.

I think the sophisticated energy grid was destroyed, and the water flowed-in and filled in the land the Great Lakes occupy today.

I’ve found examples throughout this series of waterfalls that flow directly into their lakes today.

Like the Columbia Beach Falls in Columbia Park near Bay Village, Ohio, on the south-side of Lake Erie are noteworthy for flowing directly into the lake.

When I was looking at the shores of Lake Superior in the first part of this series, I found the Sable Falls at the northeastern end of the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore in Michigan.

Sable Falls flow 75-feet, or 23-meters, over sandstone formations, directly into Lake Superior.

Then there is the Niagara Falls region between New York and Ontario along the Niagara River between Lake Ontario and Lake Erie.

Niagara Falls has been called a “Hydroelectric Mecca.”

Niagara Falls is capable of producing 4-million kilowatts of electricity, which is shared by the United States and Canada, and is also noteworthy for its present-day and historic hydroelectric and power-generation facilities.

Niagara Falls is the largest waterfall by volume in North America, consisting of a group of three waterfalls on the Niagara River spanning the international border between New York and Ontario – Horseshoe Falls in Ontario and Bridal Veil Falls and American Falls in New York.

3,160-tons of water flow over all three of the Niagara Falls every second, with water plunging 32-feet, or 10-meters, every second, hitting the base with 280-tons of force at the American and Bridal Veil Falls, and 2,509-tons of force at the Horseshoe Falls.

The water from Niagara Falls flows north on the Niagara River into Lake Ontario.

Next, from Port Dover, I am going to move on over to the Port Maitland and Dunnville-area.

I am particularly interested in looking at the Port Maitland Lighthouse; Rock Point Provincial Park; Mohawk Island Lighthouse; and the Dunnville Autodrome, the wind turbines and No. 6 RCAF Dunnville Museum next to the autodrome.

Port Maitland straddles the mouth of the Grand River where it enters Lake Erie.

It was named after Sir Peregrine Maitland, who was the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada from 1818 to 1828.

The Grand River is the largest river that is entirely within southern Ontario’s boundaries, flowing for 170-miles, or 280-kilometers, south from Wareham, Ontario, to Port Maitland, Ontario, on the north shore of Lake Erie.

It flows through the cities of Waterloo, Kitchener and Brantford, as well as the “Six Nations of the Grand River Reserve” of the Haudenosaunee People.

This is the only place in North America where all six nations of the Haudenosaunee live together, and we are told on land that was granted by the British Crown for allegiance during the American Revolution as compensation for lands lost in New York.

The original land grant was 960,000-acres, or 388,500-hectares, and it has shrunk to the reserve covering 46,000-acres, or 18,615-hectares, which is about 5-percent of the original land grant.

The first five nations of the Haudenosaunee, also known as Iroquois Confederacy, were the Seneca, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Cayuga.

The Tuscarora were accepted into the Confederacy in 1722, and became known as the “Six Nations.”

The Haudenosaunee are a Confederacy bound by the Great Law of Peace, a constitution that established a representative government and is still in use today.

The Grand River also has numerous waterfalls along its course, including, but not limited to, the Elora Gorge Falls and the Devil’s Creek Falls, which empties into the Grand River, among the many other waterfalls in the area on the Niagara Escarpment around Hamilton.

Hamilton is called the “City of Waterfalls.”

There are more than one-hundred waterfalls and cascades in the city limits of Hamilton, which is one of the highest number of waterfalls for any urban areas of its size.

Now back to Port Maitland and the lighthouse there.

We are told the Port Maitland Lighthouse dates back to the 19th-century, with navigational lights established as shipping increased through the nearby canal system, which I will talk more about when I get to Port Colborne shortly.

The lighthouse is said to date from 1898, and is located on the west pier of the Grand River entrance.

It is still an active aid to navigation.

We are told that Rock Point Provincial Park is one of the hidden gems on the north shore of Lake Erie.

The park’s signature attraction is its exposed limestone shelf or ledge where you can see marine fossils embedded in the flat rock shoreline.

Interesting to note from our historical narrative that a “rock ledge” became the landing place for riverboats and wagon trains starting in 1833, on the southside of the Missouri River at what became Kansas City, Missouri.

And all of these strata of limestone were above the surface where that rock ledge was located, underneath layers of soil and trees.

The loess and colluvium marked in this graphic are both types of loose materials, with loess referring to wind-blown silt, and colluvium referring to loose material that has moved downhill.

The Mohawk Island Lighthouse is visible from Rock Point Provincial Park, where it is located just offshore.

We are told that construction began on it in 1846 and was completed around 1848 to protect ships navigating one of Canada’s busiest commercial routes in the mid-1800s.

At that time, our narrative tells us that Port Maitland was the southern entrance of the Welland Canal, and ships had to navigate the dangerous shoals around Mohawk Island.

It is 59-feet, or 18-meters, -tall, and built entirely of limestone.

We are told it was designed with the lighthouse-keeper’s residence attached directly to the tower, and is believed to be the only surviving stone lighthouse with the integrated keeper’s residence.

It was abandoned in the 20th-century and remains an impressive ruin today.

It was under consideration for demolition until local residents rallied around its preservation, and the lighthouse was preserved in the Mohawk Island National Wildlife Area in 1978.

Next up, the Dunnville Autodrome, and the wind turbines and No. 6 RCAF Dunnville Museum next to the autodrome, and all three are situated next a large-bend in the Grand River.

The Dunnville Autodrome was described as a road course built on the grounds of the former Dunnville Airport, having been repurposed from one of the old World War II airfield’s runways into a paved road course for race events.

It was permanently closed in 2009, though the former circuit still exists on the former airfield, though it is no longer operated as a public racing venue any more.

We are told the property began life as RCAF Station Dunnville during World War II, where it became home to the “No. 6 Service Flying Training School” between 1940 and 1944.

After the war, the airfield was used for aviation, including becoming the Dunnville Airport, until part of the airfield was converted into the Dunnville Autodrome in 2004.

Today the former airport property is home to the “No. 6 RCAF Dunnville Museum,” which preserves the site’s aviation history.

The wind turbines at this location are part of the Grand Renewable Wind Farm, one of the largest renewable energy projects in southern Ontario during the Green Energy Act-era

The site was incorporated into the larger Grand Renewable Energy Park.

Construction began in 2013 and the wind and solar farm entered into commercial operation in December of 2014.

I would like to mention my belief that the original energy grid is being utilized by the energy industry unbeknownst to the general population and that some other form of energy besides wind is powering these gigantic turbines.

We are told that these are wind turbines, yet all of the wind turbines that are running go at the same speed, regardless of whether or not the wind is blowing. 

The next place I am going to take a look at is Port Colborne, 11-miles, or 18-kilometers, east of Port Maitland.

Port Colborne is southern end of the Welland Canal in southern Ontario’s Niagara Region.

The Niagara Region occupies most of the Niagara Peninsula, and is bounded in the North by Lake Ontario; to the South by Lake Erie; and in the east by the Niagara River.

The Niagara Region is an important center of agriculture, including viticulture, and tourism.

The Niagara Peninsula is the largest and most concentrated wine-making region in Canada from the vineyards that flourish on what are called the “Benchlands” of the Niagara Escarpment.

The Welland Canal passes through this part of the Niagara Peninsula between St. Catharines’ Port Weller on Lake Ontario on the northern end and Port Colborne on Lake Erie on the southern end.

The Welland Canal allows ships to go up and down the Niagara Escarpment, and according to our historical narrative, it has followed four different routes since it first opened on November 30th of 1829.

It is part of the St. Lawrence Seaway and the Great Lakes Waterway.

The St. Lawrence Waterway is described as the system of rivers, canals, locks and channels in the northern United States and eastern Canada that allows ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean throughout the Great Lakes region of North America.

We are told the Great Lakes Waterway is a system of natural channels and artificial locks and canals that allow for the navigation between all of the Great Lakes, with the major civil engineering works being the Welland Canal between Lakes Ontario and Erie, and the Soo Locks between Lakes Superior and Huron, and what are called dredged channels in the St. Mary’s River, the Detroit River, Lake St. Clair, and the St. Clair River between Lakes Huron and Erie.

The Onondaga Escarpment runs right through Port Colborne and can be seen driving from Welland, Ontario, to Port Colborne on Highway 58.

The Onondaga Escarpment runs east-to-west along the northern shoreline of Lake Erie.

The Niagara Escarpment also runs predominantly east-to-west, from New York along the south shore of Lake Ontario, and then on up through Ontario, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin, with a nice, half-circle shape, attached to a straight-line, when drawn on a map.

When I first saw the map of the region’s waterfalls, it struck me how many there are on the Ontario side of Lake Huron and the Georgian Bay, including a series of waterfalls running along the Niagara Escarpment from Niagara Falls.

In western New York State, the Niagara Escarpment runs from Lewiston at the International Border with Canada and trends easterly for 79-miles, or 127-kilometers, to just beyond Rochester, and the Onandaga Escarpment runs for 62-miles, or 100-kilometers, from Buffalo in an easterly direction to just beyond Caledonia.

Both escarpments feature numerous waterfalls.

These examples are in New York State.

I strongly suspect that these escarpments and their waterfalls were intentionally-designed components of the hydroelectric infrastructure of the original energy grid, and were not natural in origin as we have been taught to believe.

We are told that breaks on the limestone ridge of the Onondaga Escarpment allowed water from Lake Erie to flow into the Wainfleet Bog Conservation Area near Port Colborne.

The Wainfleet Bog is the largest remaining bog in southern Ontario, and provides habitat for a variety of unique plants and animals.

Interesting to note what appear to be megalithic stone blocks laying around the base of the signage here.

They are not supposed to be here so we don’t see them as such.

Here are some other examples of what I am talking about.

The Eighteenmile Creek Conservation Park on the south shore of Lake Erie in western New York State, a recreational area for hiking, fishing, and wildlife viewing, is described by things like having difficult access and hard to find with little signage apart from the parking area and limited trail signage.

The parking area here is surrounded by megalithic stone blocks.

I had the same experience when I was looking for the Turkey Mountain Urban Wilderness Area in Tulsa, Oklahoma, many years ago when I was first waking up to all this.

It was on the map but hard to find with little signage apart from the parking area and limited trail signage.

The parking lot for Turkey Mountain was also surrounded by megalithic stone blocks, and they were the size of VW buses!!!

The hiding of this ancient advanced civilization in plain sight was accomplished by shaping the false narrative, educating us in it, and reinforcing it with images coming from Hollywood, literature, art – it is not supposed to be there, so we don’t see it. 

We don’t even think it.

Interesting to note that there was an historic railway through the Wainfleet Bog.

The Erie Peat Railway is described as a small, narrow-gauge railway that operated inside the Wainfleet Bog between 1940 until the mid-1980s to haul harvested peat moss from deep inside the bog to the local processing plant.

There was a Prisoner-of-War camp here during World War II between August of 1943 and November of 1945, from which the German prisoners provided labor for the Erie Peat Company.

Next, from Port Colborne I am going to head east 9-miles, or 14-kilometers, to the Point Abino Lighthouse

We are told the Point Abino Lighthouse is one of the most architecturally distinctive lighthouses in Canada.

It was said to have been built in the Greek Revival-style between 1917 and 1918, which would have been during World War I.

The Abino Point Lighthouse still houses its 3rd-order Fresnel lens, one of only sixteen lighthouses out of the 200 remaining lighthouses, out of what was originally estimated to be 350 to 400 lighthouses, to have its original Fresnel Lens.

The next place we come to is Windmill Point, approximately 5-miles, or 9-kilometers, from Point Abino.

Both of these locations have a Fort Erie, Ontario, postal code.

The Windmill Point Lighthouse was less well-known than the Point Abino Lighthouse, and unlike the one at Point Abino, no longer exists.

We are told the name Windmill Point refers to a community that developed when Loyalist settler Silas Carter built a grist mill here, and a place where farmers from across the region brought their grain to be milled.

Then we are told as shipping increased on Lake Erie, a lighthouse was established at the Windmill Point location to help vessels navigate the shoreline.

Crystal Beach is located in-between Point Abino and Windmill Point.

This was the location of the historic Crystal Beach Amusement Park.

It first opened in 1888 and was in operation until 1989.

In 1896, the Ontario Southern Railway began to provide a connection between the park and the mainline rail station in Ridgeway.

There is no active rail station in Ridgeway today.

The original Grand Trunk Railway Station was moved in 1975 and is now part of the Fort Erie Railway Museum…

…and the rails through here have been converted into the Friendship Trail multi-use path, which runs for 15-miles, or 24-kilometers, from Fort Erie to Port Colborne parallel to the north shore of Lake Erie.

Ferry service had connected the park with nearby Buffalo starting in 1890s, and ferries like the SS Canadiana operated between Buffalo and Crystal Beach Park from 1910 to 1956.

The park was known for its innovative roller coasters, most notably the “Backety-Back Scenic Railway,” which was in operation from 1909 to 1926…

…the “Cyclone,” pictured here next to the “Crystal Ball Room,” and the “Cyclone” was in operation from 1927 to 1946…

…and the “Comet,” which was in operation at Crystal Beach from 1948 to 1989 when the amusement park closed.

It was subsequently relocated to “The Great Escape Fun Park” in Queensbury, New York, in 1994 and is still in operation today.

The Crystal Ball Room at Crystal Beach first opened in the spring of 1925 as the largest unobstructed dance hall in North America, which could hold up to 3,000 dancers on its gleaming wooden floor.

We are told it was built by George C. Hall Sr, and featured a unique cantilevered design with no interior support posts or beams.

It was a popular venue during the Big Band era.

Its fate was ultimately demolition after the Crystal Beach Amusement Park closed in 1989.

This brings us towards the end of our journey around Lake Erie as we next head into Fort Erie.

Here I am going to take a look at places like, but not limited to, the International Railway Bridge, the Peace Bridge, and Old Fort Erie.

The International Railway Bridge and the Peace Bridge connects Fort Erie, Ontario, and Buffalo, New York.

First, the International Railway Bridge.

A steel-truss swing bridge, it is said to be oldest bridge at this location.

We are told it was originally been constructed between 1870 and 1873 for the International Bridge Company to provide an American link to connect the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada with American lines and designed and built by Sir Casimir Gzowski, and we are told that it was later strengthened in 1901.

It was a crucial trade link in the 19th-century and is still in use for freight traffic by the Canadian National and Canadian Pacific Railways today.

Sir Casimir Gzowski was a Polish-born Canadian civil engineer and political figure known for his work on a wide variety of Canadian Railways in our historical narrative, including, but not limited to, the New York and Erie Railway; the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railway; and sections of the Grand Trunk Railway.

He was knighted by Queen Victoria in 1897.

At its peak in the mid-20th century, the Fort Erie yard was one of CN’s principal maintenance and interchange facilities in southern Ontario and included a large classification yard; diesel and car repair shops; a roundhouse and turntable; and connections to the International Railway Bridge, making it a key gateway between Canada and the United States.

The railway was so central to the town that historical accounts estimate more than half of Fort Erie’s workforce was employed by the railways during the industry’s heyday.

The former CN Railyard in Fort Erie was closed around 1989, and was turned into the Niagara Railway Museum.

Everything else that was once there, including the Roundhouse, is long-gone, like what we saw at the CN – Flat Rock Yard back in Michigan.

On the American-side, Canadian rail traffic is received by the Black Rock Railyard.

We are told the railyard was built as the northern terminus of the Buffalo and Black Rock Railroad, a horse-powered line from downtown Buffalo.

The railyard is surrounded by old residential neighborhoods and some abandoned industrial facilities.

Most of the rail-bed in the yard has been ripped up.

The nearby Black Rock Lock allows vessels to bypass rapids on the Niagara River at the outlet of Lake Erie.

We are told the Black Rock Lock was the first lock was constructed by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1833 for the Erie Canal, and that it was enlarged in 1913.

The Erie Canal in New York State runs for 351-miles, or 565-kilometers, between Lake Erie at Buffalo to the Hudson River near Albany.

It was said to have been constructed starting on July 4th of 1817 and first opened on October 26th of 1825.

In our historical narrative, the opening of the Erie Canal made it the first navigable waterway connecting the Atlantic region to the Great Lakes, and accelerated the settlement of the Great Lakes region, the westward expansion of the United States as it greatly reduced the cost of transporting people and goods across the Appalachian mountains.

The Richardson-Olmsted Complex is also near this location.

We are told that the Richardson-Olmsted Complex is in the architectural-style called Richardsonian Romanesque, after architect Henry Hobson Richardson, who was said to have first used elements of this style in what was originally the Buffalo State Asylum for the Insane which he was said to have designed in 1870, and for which Frederick Law Olmsted was the landscape architect.

Like the previously-mentioned Northern Michigan Asylum in Traverse City, the Kirkbride Plan treatment for people with mental illness was implemented here.

The Buffalo State Asylum for the Insane was closed for that purpose in the 1970s, and became known as the Richardson-Olmsted Complex, and it was repurposed as a hotel which opened in 2023.

Also like the former Northern Michigan Asylum, The Village at Grand Traverse Commons,” it is considered to be haunted, and not only that, one of the most haunted places in Buffalo, if not western New York.

The Peace Bridge is located to the south of the International Railway Bridge.

We are told the idea of a bridge joining the United States and Canada was discussed as early as 1853, though actual construction of the bridge didn’t start until August 17th of 1925, and first opened on June 1st of 1927.

Typically we don’t ask questions about what we are told, because why on Earth would we be lied to, but consider if what we have been told about the construction is consistent with the engineering required to build these massive bridges.

The lasr place I am going to look at is Old Fort Erie.

Now the Fort Erie National Historic Site of Canada, we are told the original Old Fort Erie was constructed by the British in 1764 as a supply depot for British troops after the 1763 Treaty of Paris, signed at the end of the French and Indian War, in which France ceded its territories east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain.

It served as a supply depot and port for ships transporting merchandise, troops and passengers via Lake Erie to the Upper Great Lakes.

Most of the present fort was said to have been built between 1805 and 1808.

During the War of 1812, we are told the Americans attacked Fort Erie twice; captured it and abandoned it in 1813; then recaptured it in 1814; and abandoned it when they returned to Buffalo in the winter of 1814.

This concludes my 9-part series around all of the Great Lakes, which started a year ago when I posted the first part on Lake Superior on June 8th of 2025.

In this series, I have looked in-depth at cities and places all around the shores of Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Ontario, and Lake Erie, paying particular attention to lighthouses; railroad and streetcar history; waterfalls, wetlands and dunes; interstates and highways; golf courses, airports and race tracks; major corporate players; mines and mining; labor relations; and many other things.

In particular, by following the location of lighthouses and waterfalls around the Great Lakes, this particular focus has yielded a great deal of information as to what I believe happened here and about our hidden history.

I believe there was a highly-sophisticated and highly-controlled hydrological and electrical system throughout the Great Lakes Region that was an integral part of the Earth’s original free energy grid system, and I have done my best to show you with the information I have found along the way exactly why I believe, among many other things, that the destruction of the original energy grid created the landscape we see today, and that the Great Lakes were formed from tremendous amounts of water from the outflow of the waterfalls and the interconnected hydrological system when the original energy grid was destroyed and as quickly as possible, was replaced by nonrenewable energy resources that exist in limited supplies.

The research for this series has taken around a month to complete for each part, and there’s a lot of information in each one, but I have barely scratched the surface of the hidden information that is available to find tucked away in this region.