I started noticing an important pattern in big cities when I was doing the research for the “Circle Alignments on the Planet Washington, DC” series, which is that the oldest and most historic neighborhoods of major cities of this country are what would be described as today’s inner cities.

For the sake of keeping this post shorter rather than longer, I am only going to focus on four places – Anacostia in Washington, DC; Harlem in Upper Manhattan in New York City; the Jackson Ward in Richmond, Virginia; and the oldest parts of Atlanta, Georgia.

Anacostia is an historic neighborhood in Washington, DC. This is where Anacostia is situated relative to the United States Capitol and Supreme Court Buildings.

And, from another angle, the U. S. Capitol Building is on the east-end of horizontal line that connects it geometrically to the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument to the west.

The North-South line depicted here runs from the White House, through the Ellipse, to the Jefferson Memorial.

Currently the waterfront area of Anacostia is undergoing a massive redevelopment project…

…and there are a large number of abandoned and seriously deteriorating historic real estate properties in Anascostia that are in state of limbo because of disagreement regarding whether or not to restore them in a community sorely in need of affordable housing…

…or to sell the properties for redevelopment purposes.

The name anglicized name Anacostia is said to come from a settlement of Nacochtank, an extinct Algonquin people living around what became Washington, DC.

They were said to be associated with the larger Algonquin-speaking Piscataway people of southern Maryland and the Chesapeake Bay.

Look at all of these Algonquin-language tribes with lands spread out everywhere in northeastern North America.

What if I told you the Algonquin language is related to Metu Neter, the the language of the Egyptian hieroglyphs?

This is totally hidden information, so the best I can do right now in support of this assertion is to show you a comparison of the similar meanings of some Egyptian Hieroglyphs compared with that of the Micmac, or Mi’kmaq, an Algonquin-speaking nation of what is now eastern Canada and the State of Maine.

Those behind all of this suppression don’t want us to know about the Stolen Legacy of the Moors in North America and around the world…

…who were the Keepers of the Egyptian Mysteries.

This is a Google Earth image of the Anacostia River.

I am amazed at all the things in close vicinity of Historic Anacostia – Nationals Park, the stadium for the Washington Nationals baseball team…

…as well as what is known as Bolling Air Force Base, or Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling, which merged with Naval Support Facility Anacostia…

…the Washington Navy Yard…

…and where Poplar Point is circled on this aerial map…

…there is a Deep Shaft and Tunnel Junction Shaft owned by the DC Water and Sewer System. …

…that is on the map showing the locations of shafts for the tunnel system of the Anacostia River Tunnel System.

Fort Circle Park, where there is a 7-mile hiker-biker trail around the remains of what are called Civil War-era forts, has an end-point at Fort Stanton Park next to Anacostia, which was described at one time as a massive earthwork.

There were six other so-called civil war era forts in what is now the Fort Circle Park, part of sixty-eight major forts of what was called the Civil War Defenses of Washington said to have been built in 1861. There is hardly anything left to show for this infrastructure here adjacent to Anacostia.

While not in Anacostia in DC, I can show you a place said to have been built during this same time frame that is still standing.

This is Fort Reno, situated on top of an earthwork. It is located on the highest point in Washington, and said to be the site of the only Civil War battle fought in Washington, during the Battle of Fort Stevens in 1864.

It was said to have been built in the winter of 1861, after the defeat of the Union Army at the Battle of Manassas. Does this look like a temporary structure, hastily built in the middle of winter?

The core of what is now the Anacostia Historic District was incorporated in 1854 as Uniontown. It was said to have been designed to be affordable for Washington’s working class.

Morris Road SE is one of the boundaries of historic Anacostia…

…which is known for its extensive collection of late 18th-century and early 19th-century small-scale, frame-and-brick, working class housing, like shown here on Morris Street.

Frederick Douglass, also known as “The Sage of Anacostia,” purchased an estate known as Cedar Hill in 1877, and lived there until his death in 1895.

It is still maintained as the “Frederick Douglass National Historic Site.”

I will leave Anacostia with this photo here of the landmark giant chair that is found at the corner of Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue and V Street SE. Wait a minute ~ a giant chair? We are told it was built by the Bassett Furniture Company, and installed there by the Curtis Brothers Furniture Company in 1957. But what a strange landmark!

Are they telling us something without telling us they are telling us?

Could it have been an actual giant’s chair, and not a furniture company gimmick?

Along the same lines as attractions like the World’s Largest Frying Pan in Long Beach, Washington, said to be a replica of one in which a woman skated on bacon in the town’s Clam Festival in 1941…

…and there is this giant frying pan that was unearthed in Indonesia on the island of Java in 2016.

Just saying not everything…actually quite a lot… is what we are told it is.

Harlem is a neighborhood in the northern section of Manhattan in New York City.

First, let’s see what the neighborhood of Harlem is close to, but not within its boundaries.

It is bounded by Central Park, where it is right next to the Harlem Meer, or Harlem Lake, section of the Park.

I don’t see much difference etymologically (having to do with the origin of words and how their meanings change) between the word Moor, which pertains to people who were Masters of the Sea, and the one-letter difference between the word meer which means lake in Dutch, and sea in German. In French, the word mer means sea.

This rocky formation at Harlem Meer is called a bluff, which is one of the code-words used to cover up ancient infrastructure.

The Museum of the City of New York is close to Harlem, said to have been built in 1929 and 1930 by Joseph H. Freedlander…

…and Columbia University is close to Harlem…

…said to have been established in 1754, and the oldest institution of higher education in New York.

Does this look like architecture built by short people for short people?

For comparison of size and scale to people in the present-day, here is the ancient Temple of Luxor of Egypt.

The General Grant National Memorial, also known as Grant’s Tomb, is located near Harlem, said to have been built in 1897…

…and Yankee Stadium, just across the Harlem River from Harlem, in the Bronx, said to have originally been built in 1923.

Up the Harlem River a short distance from Harlem proper is the High Bridge, built we are told for the Croton Aqueduct on its way to the reservoir at Central Park, the called the oldest bridge in New York City, with construction having started in 1839…

…which reminded me of the Ribblehead Viaduct in the Yorkshire Dales National Park in northern England, said to have been built for the railroad between 1869 and 1874.

Let’s take a look at what is found in Harlem itself, starting at the Macombs Dam bridge, which crosses the Harlem River between Yankee Stadium in the Bronx and Harlem, said to have opened in 1895, and the third-oldest bridge in New York City.

Look at the beautiful, old, and distinctive masonry found on the each of the four stone end piers!

Jackie Robinson Park in Harlem was said to have originally been part of the Samuel Bradhurst estate in the late 18th to early 19th-centuries.

This estate was said to have brick buildings on it, which are now part of the impressive-looking Jackie Robinson Recreational Park facilities…

…including these beautiful vaulted ceilings inside the park’s recreational facilities…

…which is the same kind of vaulted ceiling that we find in cathedrals. Hmmmm.

Convent Garden, with its beautiful gazebo and landscaping, is called an oasis in Harlem…

…and is a 13-acre haven amidst the Sugar Hill brownstones, called a once-glamorous enclave of Harlem.

The Mount Morris Park Historic District is in west-central Harlem.

This is the Ascension Presbyterian Church in the Mount Morris Park Historic District in East Harlem, with its impressive masonry architecture and dome…

…and a historic photo of the Mount Morris Bank Building, said to have been built in 1883.

This is the Mount Morris Bank building as it looks today, after having been renovated and re-opened in 2015, after the building withstood decades of neglect, deterioration, and a fire.

Mount Morris Square, the core of the district, is now called Marcus Garvey Park, and is centered on a massive and steep outcropping of stone, and surrounded by flat lawns and playing fields.

These beautiful stone steps lead up the acropolis in the park…

…where what was called the cast-iron Harlem Fire Watchtower once-stood, said to have been installed there in 1857 …

… until it was dismantled in 2015, the reason given being to restore the structure for stability and soundness before it is reconstructed.

This is the 10,000-lb, or 4,536-kilogram, bell of the watchtower before it was crated. It was said to have been used to ring the time twice a day long after the watchtower was no longer being used as part of the city-wide fire warning system.

Marcus Garvey (b. 1877 – d. 1940) was a Jamaican-born political activist, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur and orator. This picture of him was taken in 1924.

So far, Harlem has a Mt. Morris district, and Anacostia has a Morris Street. What is it with the name of Morris in these places?

Could it have something to do with telling us who was really here?

These are Morris Dancers in England, who practice a group dance form of choreographed steps, with bells on the knees, and wielding sticks, swords, or handkerchiefs.

It is said the name of Morris Dance is first recorded in the 15th-century as Moorish Dance. Here is a 1480 statue of a Moorish Dancer at the Old Townhall in Munich…

…and this is one of the depictions of the Morris Coat-of-Arms and Morris Family Crest.

In Virginia, Richmond became the capital of Virginia in 1780, when it was moved from Williamsburg. This is the Virginia State Capitol Building.

Directly to the north of the Virginia State Capitol building is the Old Richmond City Hall…

…and I am comparing it for similarity with the Moscow State Historical Museum in Russia.

This is inside the Old Richmond City Hall…

…and this is inside the Moscow State Historical Museum.

The old and historic Jackson Ward neighborhood is located less than a mile from the Virginia State Capitol building.

The sign references businesses there, such as the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, which survived the Great Depression when many banks went under, which became Consolidated Bank and Trust, and is still here today.

The sign about Jackson Ward also references the Southern Aid Insurance Company, where it was founded in 1893.

This is the Leigh Street Armory in Jackson Ward, which is now the Black History Museum & Cultural Center of Virginia.

Monroe Park is a 7.5-acre, or 3-hectare, park that is 1-mile, or 1.6-kilometers, northwest of the Virginia State Capitol building. It is pentagonal in shape, and considered to be Richmond’s oldest park.

It is the eastern point of the Fan District, because of the fan shape of the array of the streets that extend west from Belvedere Street on the eastern edge of Monroe Park, westward to the Boulevard.

The Altria Theater is located at the southwest corner of Monroe Park.

We are told that it was built between 1925 and 1927. This is the interior of the Altria Theater.

Formerly known as The Mosque, and the Landmark Theater, it was said to have been built for the Shriners of the Acca Temple Shrine. More about this later in this post.

Now onwards to Atlanta, Georgia.

We are told that indigenous Creek people and their ancestors inhabited the area, one of the Five Civilized Tribes, along with the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole.

Through the early 19th-century, so-called European Americans systematically encroached on the Creek of North Georgia, and forcing their relocation in 1820s and 1830s under “Indian Removal” to lands west of the Mississippi River. We know of this today as the “Trail of Tears.”

The ancient Etowah Mounds are in North Georgia, near Cartersville in northwest Georgia.

Etowah is said to be a Creek word meaning town/people/tribe, and is a place name found in many states in the U. S.

This is a monolithic (made from one stone) axe found in the Etowah, Georgia area…

…and at one time there was what was called a flour mill in Etowah, at the base of three pyramidal-looking mountains.

At any rate, this is important, because turning infrastructure built by the indigenous people of this land into some kind of mill, or calling ruins mills, is how this information has been kept hidden from us.

Look at the size of what is called Cooper’s Furnace in Cartersville, Georgia, called the only remains of the bustling industrial town of Etowah…

The area in the city limits of Atlanta known as Castleberry Hill is adjacent to, and southwest, of Downtown Atlanta, with Daniel Castleberry becoming an established businessman here when he was said to have won the land in a Georgia land lottery in 1921.

It has become a booming urban renaissance area since the early 1980s, with loft conversions of what are called former industrial areas beginning around that time, and turning them into residences.

Like this brick residential block in Castleberry Hill…

…in another in Castleberry Hill, the renovation inside.

Things like this, and the Castleberry Hill Art Stroll, turning Castleberry Hill into a trendy part of town.

Grant Park refers to the oldest city park in Atlanta, as well as what is called the Victorian neighborhood surrounding it.

It is a 131-acre green-space and recreational area.

Inman Park in Atlanta has been around, we are told, since the 1880s, and was Atlanta’s first planned suburb, complete with its own electric streetcar shuttling commuters to Downtown Atlanta a few miles to the west.

This is a map showing Atlanta’s streetcar system in 1924, and the last streetcar from the original system went out of service in 1949.

The reason given for the decline of streetcars is the popularity of the automobile, but why completely scuttle an efficient and affordable mass transportation system, and replace it with a polluting and expensive one?

As a matter of fact, one of the streetcar lines has returned to Atlanta. A 2.7-mile, or 4.3-kilometer, streetcar line opened in Atlanta in December of 2014 between Centennial Park, going east along Edgewood Avenue to the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historic Site, and west along Auburn Avenue.

The Martin Luther King Jr Historic Site in the Sweet Auburn residential district adjacent to the Old Fourth Ward…

…which includes his boyhood home…

…and the Ebenezer Baptist Church, where he was baptized, and both he and his father preached.

Sweet Auburn is described as a historic African-American neighborhood with one of the largest concentrations of African-American businesses in the United States, and where there were more financial institutions, professionals, educators, entertainers and politicians on this one-mile of street than any other African-American street in the South.

This is the John Wesley Dobbs building, said to have been built in 1910 as the Atlanta School Book Depository, and is now the African-American Panoramic Experience, or APEX, Museum.

John Wesley Dobbs was a civil and political leader in Atlanta. He became a member of the Prince Hall Masons in 1911, and in 1932, he was elected Grand Master of the Prince Hall Masons of the Jurisdiction of Georgia, a post he held for the rest of his life.

This is a 1940 historic photo of streetcars on Auburn Avenue and Peachtree Street…

…and the streetcar line running again in Sweet Auburn today.

There is one more place in Atlanta I would like to look at before ending this post. This is the Fox Theater is in Midtown Atlanta.

It was said to have been built originally to become a large Shrine Temple, but the 2.75 million dollar project exceeded their budget…

…so the project was said to have been leased to movie mogul William Fox. The Fox Theater opened in 1929, two months after the stock market crash and the beginning of the Great Depression. The Theater closed 125-weeks after it opened. New owners acquired it, Paramount Pictures and Georgia-based Lucas & Jenkins, after the mortgage was foreclosed in 1932.

This is the interior of the Fox Theater …

This is a detail of the Fox Theater stage in Atlanta on the left; the Mabel Tainter Memorial Theater stage in Menomonie, Wisconsin in the middle; and a detail on the right at The Alhambra in Grenada, Spain, the only place acknowledged to have had a Moorish civilization.

So, like the Altria Theater in Richmond, the Fox Theater in Atlanta was said to have been built for the Shriners.

Which Shriners, though? These…

…or these?

Because, you see, this is what all of this, every bit of what has taken place in Earth’s modern history, is really all about. A stolen legacy that everything we are taught today has been grafted on top of, and has been hidden away from the general public.

In my next post, I am going to be looking at famous castles and mansions in the United States.

In my journey tracking cities and places in aligment with each other around the world, I kept coming across obscure, seemingly insignificant islands and island groups that are the subjects of territorial disputes between countries, many of which are still on-going in the present day.

I first published this post in October of 2019.

So I have been wondering about this for a very long time.

Now that I understand about the existence of Giant Trees with the help of Chad Williams of the “Deeper Conversations with Chad” YouTube channel, and their importance on the Earth’s grid system, this goes a long way to answer the question posed in the title of this post…”What is it Exactly About the World’s Disputed Islands!”

Now I know!

In my latest conversation with Chad, “Giant Trees, the Earth’s Grid, and the New World Order,” among many other things, we talked about how the European Colonizers were going after tiny remote islands to claim for their countries.

We discussed a number of these remote islands from the perspective that they were former giant tree locations, as I had come across many of these islands when tracking alignments that were claimed by different European Countries as “Overseas Countries, Territories and Outermost Regions.”

As I said at the beginning of this post, I also kept coming across obscure, seemingly insignificant islands and island groups that are the subjects of territorial disputes between countries, many of which are still on-going in the present day. in my journey tracking cities and places in alignment with each other around the world, and in many cases, the odd stories associated with these disputed islands.

I will start with the Spratley Islands.

I found the Spratley Islands in the South China Sea when I was following one of the alignments that emanate off of the North American Star Tetrahedron at Merida, Mexico.

They consist of 14 islands or islets; 6 banks; 113 submerged reefs; 35 underwater banks; and 21 underwater shoals.

The northeast part of the Spratlys known as dangerous ground due to low islands; sunken reefs; and degraded sunken atolls.

They are located on the alignment just northwest of Palawan Island…

…and Palawan, in the Phillipines, is considered by many to be the most beautiful island in the world.

There is a star fort located in Taytay on the island of Palawan called the Fuerza de Santa Isabel.

From my extensive research on the physical lay-out of earth-grid alignments, and the frequent occurrence of star forts situated along the Earth grid system worldwide, I believe that star forts functioned as batteries on the Earth’s grid system, and were not originally military in nature as we have been led to believe in our historical narrative.

Back to the Spratley Islands.

The Spratly Islands dispute is an on-going territorial dispute between China, Taiwan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei and Viet Nam concerning “ownership” of the Spratly Islands.

What is it about these islands?

Well, we are told they are of economic and strategic importance; hold reserves of natural gas and oil; productive fisheries; and is a busy area for commercial shipping traffic.

At the time I originally did the research for this post, I speculated that there is a powerful energy component here–whether placement, production, or something else–related to these planetary grid lines, and it is becoming clearer and clearer that the giant trees of the Earth were powerful components of the Earth’s grid system.

So, for another example of this in the South China Sea, just northwest of the Spratly Islands on the same alignment’s way through Hainan in China, the Paracel Islands are a similar group of islands, reefs, and banks that are strategically located; productive fishing grounds; and which also hold reserves of natural gas and oil.

While they are controlled and operated by China, they are also claimed by Taiwan and Viet Nam.

The archipelago consists of 130 small coral islands and reefs, most grouped into the northeast Amphitrite Group or the western Crescent Group.

Island names suggestively include: Tree Island; Woody Island; Pyramid Rock; and Money Island.

In ancient Greek mythology, Amphitrite was a sea goddess; the wife of Poseidon; and the Queen of the Sea.

The Paracel Islands are also the location of the Dragon Hole, or Sasha Yongle Blue Hole, the world’s deepest known blue hole at 987-feet, or 301-meters, deep.

Former giant tree location perhaps?

Dragon Hole is called the “Eye of the South China Sea,” and is where the Monkey King found his golden cudgel in the 16th-century Chinese classic of Literature “Journey to the West,” with authorship attributed to Wu Cheng’en.

The Battle of the Paracel Islands was a military engagement between the naval forces of South Vietnam and China in 1974, and was an attempt by the South Vietnamese navy to expel the Chinese navy from the vicinity.

As a result of the battle, China established de facto control over the Paracel Islands.

The next place that I am going to look at are the Falkland Islands, an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf.

They are 300-miles, or 483-kilometers, east of South America’s southern Patagonian coast, and 752-miles, or 1,210-kilometers, from the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, at a latitude of 52-degrees south.

It is a British overseas territory, and consists of two large islands – East Falkland and West Falkland – and 776 smaller islands.

The population of less than 4,000 people are British citizens.

Britain reasserted its rule over the Falklands in 1833, with a colonial presence also including French, Spanish, and Argentine settlements.

Argentina maintains its claim to the islands.

On April 2nd, 1982, Argentine forces occupied the Falkland islands.

On April 3rd, 1982, Argentine forces seized control of the east coast of South Georgia Island in the Battle of Grytviken, part of the South Sandwich Islands, and another British Overseas Territory near the Falkland Islands that is claimed by Argentina.

On April 5th, 1982, the Falklands War between Argentina and Great Britain started. While not officially declared a war, it was declared a war-zone.

The conflict lasted 74-days, and ended with Argentina’s surrender on June 14th, 1982, returning the islands to British control.

The South Shetland Islands shown here in this map are in the neighborhood of all these little island groups off the southernmost tip of South America, and are a group of Antarctic islands with a total area of 1,424 square-miles, or 3,687 square-kilometers.

By the Antarctic Treaty of December 1st, 1959, the islands’ sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the treaty’s 12 signatories – Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States – and they are free for use by any signatory for non-military purposes.

However, the islands have been claimed by Great Britain since 1908, and as part of the British Antarctic Territory since 1962.

They have also been claimed by Chile and Argentina since the 1940s.

The Chileans have the largest number of research stations on the islands, as well have having the Eduardo Frei airbase on King George Island, where the largest number of international research stations are located.

Moving to North America in the northern hemisphere, Machias Seal Island, which has a lighthouse in the center of it manned by the Canadian Coast Guard, is part of an on-going territorial boundary dispute between the United States and Canada.

Machias Seal Island is located on the border of the Gulf of Maine in the United States, and the Bay of Fundy in Canada.

Other boundary disputes, not limited to islands, between the United States and Canada include:

A fishing zone dispute at the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait between Washington State and British Columbia, and within which the International boundary between the two countries lies in the middle of the strait.

Here are photographs of what Cape Flattery looks like at the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula.

Another area of dispute between the two countries is the Northwest Passage, which Canada claims as part of its internal waters, and the United States regards as an international strait, open to international traffic.

The Dixon Entrance, a strait about 50-miles, or 80-kilometers, long, between Alaska in the United States and British Columbia in Canada is also mutually claimed by both countries.

It is part of the Inside Passage shipping route.

It lies between the Clarence Strait in the Alexander Archipelago, a 300-mile, or 480-kilometer, long group of islands in Alaska to the North…

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…and the Hecate Strait and the islands known as the Haida Gwaii (or Queen Charlotte Islands) in British Columbia to the South.

Members of the Haida Nation maintain free access across the strait, in the Haida Gwaii and islands in the Alaskan Panhandle where they have said to have lived for 14,000 years.

The Kuril Islands dispute is a disagreement between Japan and Russia over the sovereignty of the four southernmost Kuril Islands.

They are a chain of islands stretching between the Japanese Island of Hokkaido at the southern end, and the Kamchatka Peninsula at the northern end.

While the San Francisco Peace Treaty of 1951, signed between the Allies and Japan in 1951, stated that it must give up all right, title and claim to the Kuril Islands, Japan does not recognize Russia’s sovereignty over them, and this territorial dispute has not been resolved.

The original inhabitants of the Kuril Islands, and northern Japan for that matter, are the Ainu, as seen here in 1904…

…and today.

Other disputed islands around the world include:

Navassa Island, an uninhabited island in the Caribbean Sea.

This small island is subject to an on-going territorial dispute between the United States and Haiti.

The United States claimed the island since 1857, based on the Guano Islands Act of 1856.

The legislation essentially said that an American could claim an uninhabited, unclaimed island, it it contained guano, or bird droppings, which was an effective early fertilizer.

Haiti’s claims over Navassa go back to the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697, which established French possessions in mainland Hispaniola that were transferred from Spain by the treaty.

This is the deactivated lighthouse on Navassa. This is the only building left of what was previously on Navassa Island…

…possibly including this star fort identified as being in Lulu Town on Navassa, but I can’t confirm this finding because whatever was there isn’t there any more.

Lulu Town was previously situated around Lulu Bay on Navassa Island.

Abu Musa is a 5-square-mile, or 13-square-kilometer, island in the eastern Persian Gulf near the entrance to the Strait of Hormuz.

Abu Musa is administered by Iran as a part of its Hormozgan Province, but it is also claimed by the United Arab Emirates as a territory of the Emirate of Sharjah.

I found the island of Abu Musa, one of the islands of the Strait of Hormuz, when I was tracking the Amsterdam Island Circle Alignment.

On to Cyprus, an island country in the eastern Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, and west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.

Based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878, Cyprus was placed under the United Kingdom’s administration, and formally annexed by the United Kingdom in 1914 (which would have been around the time of the start of World War 1).

While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s.

Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an “extension of Anatolia” by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority population of Greeks on Cyprus and its Orthodox Church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s.

After nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960 via the London and Zurich Agreements of 1959.

At any rate, conflict in one form or another between Greeks and Turks has existed on the island for awhile, with the island partitioned between the two.

Regardless, Cyprus is a major tourist destination in the Mediterranean today.

Tromelin Island is a low, flat island in the Indian Ocean.

It is located 310-miles north, or 500-kilometers, north of Reunion Island, and 280-miles, or 450-kilometers, east of Madagascar.

It is administered as part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands as a French overseas territory, however, the island nation of Mauritius claims sovereignty over the island.

I found both Mauritius and Tromelin Island on earth-grid alignments.

I will end this post with Clipperton Island, an uninhabitated 2-square-mile, or 6 kilometer-squared island, in the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Central America.

It is an overseas minor territory of France, and administered under the direct authority of the Minister of Overseas France. It has not been inhabited since 1945, though it is occasionally visited by fisherman, French Navy patrols, scientific researchers, films crews, and ham radio operators.

It is low-lying, and largely barren.

The surrounding reef is exposed at low tide.

This shows that Clipperton Island is technically an aligned with a barrier reef, and not an atoll.

While it is not disputed now, it has been in the past.

Two Frenchmen first claimed the island for France in 1711, and named it “Ile de la Passion.”

In 1858, during France’s Second Empire, Emperor Napoleon III annexed Clipperton island as part of the French colony of Tahiti, even though it is the considerable distance of 3,400 miles, or 5,400 kilometers, from Tahiti.

It was named Clipperton for English pirate and privateer John Clipperton who fought for the Spanish in the early 18th-century who may have used it as a base for his raids on shipping.

Other claimants included the United States, whose American Guano Company claimed it under the Guano Islands Act of 1856…

…and Mexico due to its activities there as early as 1848 and 1849.

In 1909, France and Mexico agreed to submit the dispute over sovereignty to binding international arbitration, and 22-years later, in 1931, the King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III, issued the final decision, declaring Clipperton Island to be a French possession.

However, after all of this territorial interest, Clipperton Island has been more or less abandoned since the end of World War II.

So, as expressed in the title of this post, what is it exactly about the world’s disputed islands?

For one, they figure prominently on the earth’s planetary gridlines, and I think the placement of the islands within the energy system of the planetary grid is important.

Another is that they are highly prized for their resources.

And are the resources, like oil and gas reserves, actually derived from the high technology of the advanced Ancient Civilization, and not the result of the continuous break-down of fossils over millions of years as we are taught to believe?

Also, I wouldn’t rule out the possibility that guano – which has a high content of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium – is the result of much more than bird droppings. It would take a whole lot of birds a very long time to create a valuable commodity used as a pretext for claiming an island for a country.

This is an 1860 photo of a guano mine on Peru’s Chincha Islands.

For reasons like these, and others I am sure, all of these islands are viewed as highly-coveted prizes, and critical part to nation-building plans.

We are taught that humans went from being hunter-gatherers, and “peopling the earth,” prior to 8,000 BC, to developing settled agriculture and raising livestock during neolithic times, the period of Earth’s history beginning around 8,000 BC and lasting until around 600 BC. This in turn, we are told, led to permanent settlements and the rise of civilizations.

The problem with this description of human evolution is what our Ancestors were actually accomplishing during early neolithic times, and it went far, far beyond what we are told Humanity was capable of. It has to do with the consummate aligning of Heaven and Earth worldwide, with the perfect implementation of sacred geometry and astronomical alignments in the landscape, as well as with the measurement of astronomical and cyclical time through careful observations of the heavens over a very long period of time.

We are explicitly taught that indians wearing loincloths were responsible for building the perfectly geometrically- and astronomically-aligned mounds and earthworks, one basketful of dirt at a time, especially where mounds in North America are concerned.

I will show you exactly why this assertion does not hold up under scrutiny in this post.

Watson Brake in Richwood, Louisiana, near Monroe, is dated to 5,400 years ago, and is considered is the oldest earthwork mound complex in North America.

It is located on private property, and is not open for public viewing.

Note the summer and winter solstice alignments depicted here in this diagram of Watson Brake.

This is the famous Stonehenge in Southern England, believed to date to about 5,100 years ago, and has a similar earthwork to what is seen at Watson Brake in Louisiana encircling the big stones.

…which is well-known for its solstice alignments.

Stonehenge has a really nice alignment with the Milky Way as well.

For those of you who may not be aware of it, there is a so-called modern replica of Stonehenge in Maryhill, Washington, said to have been commissioned in the early 20th-century by the wealthy entrepreneur Sam Hall, and dedicated on July 4th, 1918, as a memorial to the people who died in World War I.

In addition to having a solstice alignment…

…it also has a nice alignment going on with the Milky Way, just like Stonehenge in England!

The Avebury Neolithic complex is located near Stonehenge, and it dated to the same time frame as Stonehenge and Watson Brake.

Today this is what is left of the standing stones…

…of what was an ancient serpent temple.

Silbury Hill is located near Avebury, and is called the tallest prehistoric, man-made mound in Europe, and one of the largest in the world.

Crop Circles frequently form in these locations in England.

Serpent Mound in Peebles, Ohio, is the largest serpent effigy in the world.

It was first reported from surveys included in a book called “Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, published in 1848 by the Smithsonian Institution, and to this day has not been given a definite date of construction.

Serpent Mound has many astronomical alignments contained within its shape…

…as well as Sacred Geometry.

As with Silbury Hill near Avebury, the Miamisburg Mound in Miamisburg, Ohio, is located relatively close to the Serpent Mound…

…and crop circles in North America are found frequently in this part of Ohio.

In Newark, Ohio, the Octagon and Great Circle Earthworks are located on a Golden Ratio Longitude, along with Poverty Point in Louisiana. Newark is 94-miles, or 150-kilometers, from Peebles, Ohio, where the Serpent Mound is located.

This diagram shows the lunar alignments marked by these earthworks in Ohio.

By the way, the Octagon and Great Circle of Newark…

… are now part of the golf course of the Moundbuilders Country Club.

Another striking example of this practice by the Ancient Ones, of the consummate aligning of heaven and earth, is found near Forres, in Scotland.

Forres is in the Grampian Mountains, which are said to have the highest concentration of stone circles found anywhere, and include what are called Recumbent Stone Circles, found only in this part of Scotland and in the far southwest of Ireland.

This is the Recumbent Stone Circle of Crowthie Muir near Forres. The center stone, weighing upwards of 50-tons, is perfectly placed in the landscape…

… for lunar events like this one, as the moon is seen rolling along the top of the recumbent stone on the same night.

While the stone circles of Great Britain and Ireland are the best-known, there stone circles in many places, including in Africa, like the Bagnold Stone Circle in the Libyan Desert…

…the Mzora Stone Circle in Morocco…

…and Nabta Playa, depicted with astronomical alignments, in southern Egypt, situated on the Tropic of Cancer.

Also on the Tropic of Cancer, Necker Island, part of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean, is a relatively small island with over 30 stone temples and shrines.

These have been studied by archeoastronomy experts for astronomical alignments.  This is a shrine on Necker Island…

…and a sketch of a temple platform there.

Famous early astronomical observatories include El Caracol, which is located in the Mayan archeological complex of Chichen Itza, located in Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula.

It is dated to around 906 AD.

The Maya had a spectacular knowledge of astronomy; were skilled engineers; and had a mathematics which could calculate dates billions of years in the past and in the future.

When this observatory was being excavated, advanced design features were discovered that incorporated sophisticated knowledge about how to align the central observatory with the cosmos.

For example, designed into the outer terrace are two slots that follow the curvature of the tower, and which could have supported a viewing apparatus of some sort.

In China, the Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory is located in Dengfeng, in Henan Province.

The great observatory was said to have been built in 1276 to observe the movement of the sun, the stars, and to record time.

It has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2010 as the “Dengfeng Historic Monuments in the Center of Heaven and Earth.”

Dengfeng is due east of Xi’an, China, where…

…where a significant number of pyramids are located in China.

The Torreon, or Observatory, at Macchu Picchu in Peru is called a rare example of curved Inca architecture, incorporating natural features into its design.

It was said to have been built in 1450 AD.

It was placed inside the Temple of the Sun at the highest altitude of Macchu Picchu.

The tower is built around a stone with a curved groove that is illuminated as the rising sun shines through one window on the June solstice.

Around this same time, this window frames the Pleiades star cluster…which we are told was used by the Incas to determine when to plant potatoes. Sounds like incredibly sophisticated astronomical engineering to only serve as an almanac in stone!!!

The ancient observatory in Chankillo, Peru, said to date back to 300 BC…

…has thirteen regularly-spaced towers…

…where you can see the sun rise and set in gaps between the towers, with the sunrise moving back and forth across the whole structure in a year.

Now on to what would be considered more modern observatories.

We are told The Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, was commissioned in 1675 by King Charles II, and the site on Greenwich Hill chosen by architect and astronomer Sir Christopher Wren.

The building of the observatory was then completed in the summer of 1676.

It has been the location of the world’s Prime Meridian since 1851.

The time-ball at the Royal Observatory at Greenwich is said to have been in use since 1833.

Every day, the ball rises half-way up the mast at 12:55 pm Greenwich Mean Time, up to the top at 12:58 pm…

…and drops exactly at 1 pm.

We are told this practice was established in order to have a standardized way to mark time for naval ships and the citizenry.

The United States Naval Observatory, located in Washington, DC, is said to be one of the oldest scientific agencies in the United States.

The Naval Observatory maintains the Master Clock for the United States.

There is also a time-ball here, said to have been installed in 1845, and dropped every day, enabling the inhabitants of Washington to set their time-pieces.

Since I believe that all of these observatories were built by the advanced, ancient civilization, I don’t believe the their original purpose was to synchronize the time in this manner.

My speculation as to what their actual function would be goes in the direction of an astronomical function, like the function of sun daggers, since this civilization completely revolved around the perfect alignment of Heaven and Earth.

There is an example of a sun dagger at Fajada Butte in Chaco Canyon in New Mexico.

There are three large stone slabs there leaning against the cliff which channel light and shadow markings on to two spiral petroglyphs in the cliff wall that form daggers of light at solstices and equinoxes.

What if instead of measuring linear time, time-balls were a way to measure astronomical time, and instead of dropping quickly in mere minutes, were dropped very slowly to measure astronomical time?

Other places with time-balls include the Sydney Observatory in Australia…

…the Nelson Monument on the highest point of Calton Hill in Edinburgh, Scotland, which is right next to…

…the City Observatory of Edinburgh…

…the Cincinnati Observatory at one point in time had a time-ball…

…but apparently not anymore…

…and the time-ball in Times Square, which gets dropped once a year to usher in the New Year.

In an interesting aside, the United States Naval Observatory also has a station in Flagstaff, Arizona, for national dark-sky observation.

The Lowell Observatory is also in Flagstaff…

…and as well, the Atmospheric Research Observatory on the campus of Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff.

In taking this tour through time, I wanted to share with you the absolutely stunning accomplishments of Our Ancestors, impeccably aligning the physical infrastructure of the earth with heavenly bodies and astronomical events, and accurately keeping track of everything going on up above via observatories, watching, recording, and predicting larger cycles of time to keep Humanity in synchronization with each other and the Heavens.

In my next post, I will be looking at disputed islands around the world.

I decided to look deeply into the subject of underground railway systems when I kept coming across the fact that the railway stations of major cities are transportation hubs for all ground-based mass transit systems, including not only trains, but trams, underground rail systems, and buses.

All of these transportation inter-connections are part of an incredibly complex topic, of which I can only scratch the surface. As I read through the history of rail-lines, it is hard to process and digest all of the information because there is so much there. Beginnings, and then consolidation, and first it was called this, and then it was called that, and then it was taken over, and more consolidation, and so on. It is hard for me to even describe it. Look into it some time, and you will quickly see what I mean. Rapid-fire data points!

I will start in London, at the address of 55 Broadway, where the headquarters of the London Underground, and called London’s first skyscraper, said to have been built between 1927 and 1929.

It is interesting to note its location in London is just blocks away from the seat of British government ~the Palace of Westminster which houses the British Parliament; 10 Downing Street, the residence of the Prime Minister; and near Westminster Abbey, the traditional place of coronation, marriage, and burial for British monarchs.

Here you see what looks like old masonry at the 55 Broadway location.

The building is said to be faced with limestone from the quarries of the Isle of Portland, just off the coast of England…

…where we find megalithic-looking stone blocks lying all around.

The cruciform-, or cross-, shaped building at 55 Broadway was said to have been designed by Charles Henry Holden, and his Underground station designs were said to have become the London Underground Corporation’s standard design in the 1930’s.

In 1902, Holden was said to have won the architectural competition to design the Bristol Central Library, which opened in 1906…

…in 1906, he won the competition to design a new Headquarters for the British Medical Association on the Strand in London, said to have been built in 1907 and 1908…

…which is now the Zimbabwe House, the Embassy for Zimbabwe.

…and in 1909, we are told he won the competition for designing an extension to the British Royal Infirmary, said to have been built in 1911 and 1912.

The London Underground Headquarters he was given the credit for designing sits on top of the St. James Underground Station, said to have opened on December 24th, 1868.

The London Underground is said to be the oldest underground railway system in the world.

We are told the idea of an underground railroad linking the City of London with the urban center came up in the 1830’s, and in 1854, the Metropolitan Underground Railway was granted permission to build it.

Operations were said to have started in January of 1863 between Paddington and Farringdon, using gas-lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives.

Does that sound plausible? And gas-lit carriages underground? What about ventilation? Would this need have been accounted for in the mid-1800’s according to the history we have been taught?

Fast forward to the establishment of the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL) in 1902 in order to finance and operate three tube lines – the Baker Street and Waterloo Railway…

…the Charing Cross, Euston, and Hampstead Railway…

…and the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway.

This was the Lots Road Power Station, said to have been built between 1902 and 1904 to power the newly created Great Northern, Piccadilly, and Brompton Line.

It was claimed to be the largest power station ever built, and eventually powered most of the railways and tramways in the Underground Group.

So we aren’t even out of the horse-and-buggy era when it was said to have been opened in 1904, with the mass production of automobiles not starting until 1908 with the Model T Ford, and yet we have the technology to build sophisticated electrical machinery generation like this?

And there are still places in the early 1900’s that use horses to pull rail cars along their tracks? What is going on here?

Not only that, there are a lot of abandoned underground tunnels and stations in London, not in use for a very long time. Why build them to then not use them?

This is an abandoned tunnel at Down Station…

…at Highgate Station…

…and Clapham South Station.

These are just a few examples, and London is not the only place with abandoned tunnels.

I also found a listing of former stations served by a London Underground line showing that around 50 have been permanently closed, and either demolished, or re-purposed, starting as early as 1871. The original Westbourne Park Underground Station was said to have been built in 1866 and demolished in 1871, replaced the next day by the current station shown here, to the east of the original.

Compare the similarity of the arches of the Underground Station in Westbourne with the arches of the Mezquita in Cordoba, the capital of Moorish Spain.

This is a map of the London Underground presented by Harry Beck, an engineering draftsman, in 1931.

His design is based on the principle of electrical circuit diagrams.

Power circuits transfer and control large amounts of electricity.

Could the builders of the London Underground have possibly created gigantic power circuitry, starting in a haphazard way in 1854 onward, with the creation of the Metropolitan Underground Railway?

In Hungary, Budapest is said to have the second-oldest underground railway system in the world, and the oldest electrified railway system, with the M-1, or the Millenium Underground Railway, said to have been in operation since May 2nd, 1896.

We are told the original purpose of the first metro line was to facilitate transport to the Budapest City Park along Andrassy Avenue without building surface transport affecting the streetscape…

…running from Vorosmarty Square, the city center…

… to Budapest’s City Park.

The Szechenyi Medicinal Bath is in an extensive City Park Complex, and is the largest medicinal bath in Europe. Its construction was said to have started in 1909, and opened in 1913.

The M-1 underground line was said to have taken two years to build, between 1894 and 1896, by the German engineering firm Siemens and Halske AG, founded in 1847 by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske.

Just as a side-note, the Siemens and Halske AG company was also given the credit for the world’s first electric tram line, the Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway, in a suburb of Berlin.

This brings the total to three of places that I have found in my research claiming that distinction, the other two being Montgomery, Alabama, and Sestroretsk, in Russia near St. Petersburg.

Altogether, there are four lines in Budapest, each denoted by a different color.

I am going to put this here for consideration as a possibility. When I looked into electric circuitry, I found the same colors, with each having a different function in circuitry. We will see more examples of this correlation in other systems. They feature exactly the same colors.

I am postulating that these electric transportation systems and networks somehow functioned as electrical circuits in their own right in the original physical lay-out of the planetary grid system, and do not just pertain to the sophisticated electrical circuitry it takes to run them efficiently, day-in and day-out.

Before I leave Budapest, I want to bring to your attention that it is called the capital city of underground wonders.

Besides abandoned rail tunnels…

…there’s what is known as the Kobanya Cellar System…

…and the underground labyrinth of Buda Castle.

This half-head is found in the labyrinth. I find it to be extremely odd…and noteworthy. It looks more like a petrified head, covered up to the nose and ears by mud, than an intentional work of art.

We are told that Glasgow in Scotland has the third-oldest underground rail system in the world, opening on December 14th, 1896.

The fifteen stations of the subway are distributed over a 10-kilometer, or 6-mile, circuit of the West End and City Center of Glasgow, with eight stations to the north of the River Clyde, and seven to the south. There are two lines: an outer circle running clockwise, and an inner circle running counter-clockwise.

Circuit is a word in the English language that means: 1) a roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and finishes at the same place; and 2) a path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow. The point where those electrons enter an electrical circuit is called the source of the electrons.

This came up when I searched for “particle accelerator diagram,” showing counter-rotating beams in a circular accelerator, contrasted with the Glasgow subway’s outer and inner circle running in opposite directions from each other.

There are also abandoned rail-line stations in Glasgow, like the Botanic Gardens Station, said to have been built in 1896, and closed to passenger transport in 1939…

…and the abandoned tunnel at the Botanic Gardens in Glasgow as well.

Again, why build heavy infrastructure like this to close it after only 45-years of use?

Next, here are maps underground systems of places throughout the world.

Berlin, Germany…

…Hamburg, Germany…

…Helsinki, Finland…

…St. Petersburg, Russia…

…Sydney, Australia…

…Beijing, China…

…Tokyo, Japan…

…New York City…

…Los Angeles, California…

…and Washington, DC, to name a very few.

While not identical lay-outs in all these places, there are definite similarities across countries and continents in how rail-lines are laid out, right down to color-coding all of them.

And they all look remarkably like an electrical circuit diagram.

I am going to end this post here. I have only scratched the surface of the earth’s subterranean infrastructure. When there is an overwhelming amount of information, I try to hit highlights.

In my next post, I am going to be looking at the topic of astronomical observatories, from ancient to modern.

In my research, historical tram systems, also known as streetcars, keep cropping up.

I started to notice a close connection between not only trams, trains, canals, and star forts, but the incredible similarity between these systems all over the world.

I will start with one of the first one I came across in my research, which is in a seemingly unlikely place based on what we have been taught, and go from there. There are so many examples that I will select notable ones for the purposes of this post. There are too many to include them all.

In South America, Manaus is a remote city in the heart of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil, and is, for all intents and purposes, accessible only by boat or plane.

We are told the city was founded in 1669 by the Portuguese as the “Fort of São José do Rio Negro,” and was renamed Manaus, after the indigenous Manaos people, in 1848 when it was established legally as a city. This is a depiction of the star fort that used to be there.

It became the capital of Brazil’s Amazonas Province in 1850.

The historical narrative we are given says that rubber made Manaus the wealthiest city in South America in the late 1800s, and wealthy European families are said to have settled in Manaus, bringing their European art, architecture, and culture with them. It was a city at that time with electric trams and streetlights.

Electric trams and streetlights?

In the middle of the Amazon rainforest?

No road connection to Manaus existed until 1973, with the completion of the BR-319, connecting Manaus to Porto Velho, Brazil. It is 540 miles long, or 870 kilometers, going through the rainforest, and is impassable when it rains. It is known as Brazil’s worst highway.

There is no such tram system operating in Manaus today.

The history we have been taught does not provide an adequate explanation for what was really going on here. This is a photo of undeveloped Amazon rainforest near Manaus. How are they supposed to have built all of this in the mid-to-late 1800’s under these conditions?

In North America, Montgomery, Alabama, is one of the places we are told was the first place in the world said to have had a city-wide system of electric trams established in 1886, known as the “Lightning Route.”

The technology for this was said to have been developed by Belgian-American inventor Charles Joseph Van DePoele, who was born in 1846, and died in 1892.

He was credited with the development of electric railways, with his first being established in Chicago in 1883.

Prior to this time, rail-lines were said to have been in existence since the earlier in the 1800s with locomotion provided by either steam-engine or horse.

For some reason, the “Lightening Route” in Montgomery only operated for 50 years, when in 1936, the streetcars were retired in a big ceremony and replaced by buses.

We are also told that the world’s first electric tram system was developed in 1880 by Fyodor Pirotsky, born in 1845 and died in 1898…

…and tested in Sestroretsk, near St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1880.

I have consistently found forts, castles, and other significant and ancient sites in the vicinity of railways and tramways.

This is Fort Negley in Nashville, Tennessee, with rail-lines close to it, on the other side of the baseball field.

I am really curious about why a baseball field is located right next to the star Fort Negley, and perhaps someday will research the real possibility of a connection of ball-fields, and other athletic fields, to the ancient advanced civilization.

The extensive electric tram system in Nashville ran from 1889 to 1941.

Some cities kept their electrically-power mass transit tram systems in operation. But many did not. Why build the sophisticated infrastructure, and then only use it for fifty or so years?

In Indiana, the Terre Haute, Indianapolis, and Eastern Traction Company was formed in 1907, and the second-largest interurban in Indiana, a type of electric railway with over 400 miles of track.

It was incorporated into the Indiana Railroad in 1931.

I looked to see what was in this area in the way of forts, and found Fort Harrison near Terre Haute. It is typically depicted as a wooden structure like this.

I found this post card, however, showing the Pavilion Entrance to Fort Harrison as having a masonry structure.

And here’s what is left of it on the grounds of Fort Harrison State Park.

In Europe, this is the Petrin Funicular in Prague in the Czech Republic.

It links the Mala Strana District with the top of Petrin Hill, which overlooks the old city of Prague…

…where there is a look-out tower that looks a lot like the Eiffel Tower in Paris, and said to have been built in 1891 for the Jubilee Exhibition held in Prague – also known as the General Land Centennial Exhibition.

This was the same year the Prague’s electric tram system was said to have been established.

Stefanik Observatory is also on Petrin Hill…

…as well as Strahof Monastery.

The Prague Castle is a castle complex said to have been built starting in 870 AD, and a seat of power for the kings of Bohemia, Holy Roman Emperors, and the presidents of Czechoslovakia since 1918.

The crown jewels of Bohemia are also kept in Prague Castle.

These are power objects in their own right. But that’s another story that I don’t know much about. I just know royal objects such as these are specific power instruments for the ruler.

The Prague Castle complex is close to both Petrin Hill area…

…and the Great Strahov stadium can be accessed by the funicular or several of the tram-lines.

It is the largest stadium in the world, with a capacity to have 250,000 spectators. It is a UNESCO Cultural Heritage site.

When I was researching Edinburgh for “How Monuments and Memorials Hide the Advanced Ancient Civilization,” I noticed railroad tracks at the base of Calton Hill.

There is a great deal to see on Calton Hill, the seat of Scottish Government, and among other things, it is the location of the Edinburgh City Observatory, like the Stefanik Observatory on Petrin Hill in Prague.

Edinburgh Waverley Train Station is at the base of Calton Hill…

…and this is what it looks like on the inside.

There are actually railroad tunnels going right through Calton Hill.

I noticed a pentagonal shape in a neighborhood on top of Calton Hill…

…which turns out to be the Carlton Terrace Mews, a residential neighborhood said to have been designed by the Greek Revival architect William Henry Playfair in the 1820s.

Here is the pentagon formed by the Carlton Terrace Mews on the left, compared with Fort Cunningham on the island of Bermuda on the right.

Edinburgh Corporation Tramways were said to have operated between 1871 and 1956, using double-decker trams.

In Asia, Hong Kong Tramways began operating in 1904, and owns the world’s largest operational double-decker tram fleet, and the system there is in use in the present day.

I looked into whether or not there were any star forts in Hong Kong.

There is a Fortress Hill in Hong Kong, on the North Shore of Hong Kong Island, served by the Hong Kong Tramways, and the rapid transit railway of Hong Kong, the MTR.

The North Point Power Station was located near Fortress Hill, and was severely damaged during the World War II Battle of Hong Kong just prior to the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, which started on December 25th, 1941. Check out the big, megalithic-looking stones in this picture of North Point in 1941.

Beijing was said to have had the first tram system in China, opening in 1899.

I found Wanping Castle in Beijing, located right next to railroad tracks.

Also called Wanping Fortress, and Wanping Ancient Town, it is called a Ming Dynasty walled city that was built between 1638 and 1640.

Now I am going to show you other tram systems around the world without going into detail.

In Africa, in Alexandria, Egypt…

…Melbourne in Australia…

…Hobart in Tasmania…

…in Pyongyang, North Korea…

…in Seoul, South Korea…

…in Hanoi, North Viet Nam…

…in Saigon, South Viet Nam…

…in Moscow, Russia…

…in Augsburg, Germany…

…in Leeds, England…

…in Montreal, Quebec, Canada…

…in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil…

…and back in the United States, in New Orleans, Louisiana…

…in Charlotte, North Carolina…

…and here’s another one in a quiet residential neighborhood in Charlotte…

…and in Denver, Colorado, to name just a few.

One more thing before I end this post is to touch base on the cultural phenomenon of “Trolley Parks,” which were said to have been started in the United States in the 19th-century at the ends of street car lines in most of the larger cities, and said to be the precursor of amusement parks.

I feel I would be re-miss if I didn’t include trolley parks in this post. Look closely at the style of the architecture in the following pictures.

Coney Island in New York was one of them.

I learned about trolley parks when I was doing research on Palisades Park in New Jersey.

This is a view of the roller coasters at Palisades Park from the trolley terminal at Edgewater, New Jersey, with the photo taken in the early 1900’s.

Some other historical trolley parks were the Idora Park in Oakland, California…

…and Ramona Park in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

The people who said they built all of this weren’t the people who built it. The collective memory of the ancient and advanced Moorish Civilization is almost completely gone from our historical narrative, with the exception of Moorish Spain. Look at the incredible infrastructure of the Electric Park in Kansas City, Missouri…

…and said to have been built and closed between 1907 and 1925.

In my next post, I will be finishing up the subject of worldwide transportation systems by looking at underground rail systems.

I am finding many interconnections in my research with regards to what I am sharing about the ancient and advanced Moorish Civilization that is missing from our historical record.

There are definitely correlations and relationships between railroad systems, canal systems, and star forts as you will see.

Pay close attention to the dates when they are telling us this infrastructure was built, and compare those dates with what we are taught in the historical narrative we have been given, i.e. were we really capable of accomplishing these massive engineering feats such as these during the time period they were said to have been built?

This is just a dip in the pool of information on this topic, as there is such an overwhelming amount of data concerning even just railroads and their associated infrastructure that I find myself having to focus the scope of this post, and not include much of what I originally envisioned. There is just too much information to choose from!

The history of rail transportation in North America was said to have started with the construction of wooden railroads, called wagonways, starting in the 1720s.

The French were said to have used a railroad in its construction in 1720 of the Fortress of Louisbourg on Nova Scotia’s Cape Breton Island.

Between 1762 and 1764, an efficient gravity-railroad called Montresor’s Tramway was said to have been designed and built by British engineers at the close of the French and Indian War (1756 – 1763) to haul goods up the steep slope at the Niagara River near the Niagara Falls escarpment at Lewiston, New York.

As an interesting aside, compare the Niagara Escarpment in appearance with…

…the Endless Wall at New River Gorge State Park in West Virginia.

In 1810, the Scottish-American quarry-owner Thomas Leiper was said to have built the animal-powered Leiper Railroad connecting Crum Creek to Ridley Creek in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, to carry his quarried stone to tide-water. It was said to have been a horse-drawn, 3/4-mile, railroad. It became the Crum Creek Branch of the Baltimore and Philadelphia (later part of the Baltimore & Ohio) Railroad in 1887. More on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad shortly.

Then, Thomas Leiper’s son was credited with building the 3-mile long Leiper Canal to replace the Leiper Railroad in 1828 and 1829…

…in the middle of what was called the American Canal Age between 1790 and 1855, when the Lehigh Canal was built between Easton, Pennsylvania and Mauck Chunk, now known as Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania, said to have been started in 1818, and completed in 1838…

…during which time the Schuylkill Canal, also known as the Schulkill Navigation, was said to have been built in Pennsylvania between 1815 and 1825…

…as well as the 82-mile, or 132-kilometer, Union Canal in southeastern Pennsylvania between Middletown, Pennsylvania to Reading, Pennsylvania, said to have been built between 1792 and 1828, and closed in the 1880s. This is the Union Canal Tunnel in Lebanon, Pennsylvania…

…and what remains of the Union Canal at Swatara State Park near Lickdale, Pennsylvania…

…the 14-mile, or 22.5-kilometer, long Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, connecting the Delaware River in the State of Delaware, and the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland, with its construction said to have been started in 1804 and completed in 1829…

…as well as the 363-mile, or 584-kilometer, long Erie Canal, connecting the Hudson River in Albany, New York, with Lake Erie in Buffalo, New York, with construction beginning on, and first used on May 17th, 1821.

The construction of the Erie Canal was said to have started on July 4th, 1817, in Rome, New York, where Fort Stanwix, said to have been built in 1758 by the British, was located.

The New York Central Railroad, primarily operating in the Great Lakes and Mid-Atlantic Regions, had a train station in Rome.

The New York Central Railroad was said to have begun operating in 1853 with the consolidation of earlier independent companies running between Albany and Buffalo. This graphic depicts the New York Central rail system as of 1918.

We are told extensive trackage existed in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts, and West Virginia, plus additional trackage in Ontario and Quebec, and by 1925 operated 26,395-miles, or 42,479-kilometers, of track.

Now, back to railroads circa 1826.

In 1826, the State of Massachusetts incorporated the Granite Railway in Quincy, Massachusetts…

…as a common freight carrier to transport Granite for the construction of the Bunker Hill monument, which was said to have commenced in the same year of 1826, which just happens to be a huge obelisk on the scale of the Washington Monument.

Other railroads authorized by states in 1826 included the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company’s gravity railroad…

…the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, to carry freight and passengers, and linking the Mohawk River in Schenectady, with the Hudson River at Albany…

…and said to have been the first railroad chartered in the country, incorporated in 1826 and opened in 1831.

In 1827, the State of Maryland chartered the Baltimore and Ohio (B & O) Railroad, the first common carrier, and the oldest, railroad in the United States.

The first section of the B & O Railroad was said to have opened in 1830, and it was said to have reached the Ohio River in 1852, the first eastern seaboard railroad to do so.

We are told there was an intense rivalry between the B & O Railroad, and the Chesapeake & Ohio (C & O) Canal, with each project choosing the same day to break ground – on July 4th, 1828.

Both projects were said to be vying for the narrow right-of-way where the Potomac River cuts through a mountain ridge at Point of Rocks, Maryland, which ended up in court. Even though after four-years the case was said to have been ruled in favor of the canal, we are told the C & O had to allow the
B & O to go through there, so this is a place where the canal and the railroad run side-by-side…

…just like the picture I showed earlier of the railroad right next to the Lehigh Canal in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

Similar to the B & O Railroad, the South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company was also chartered in 1827 to connect Charleston, South Carolina, to the Savannah River, and its first six-mile, or 10-kilometer, rail line was said to have been in operation by 1830…

…and ran scheduled steam service over its 136-mile, or 219-mile, line from Charleston to Hamburg, South Carolina, beginning in 1833.

This was the historic Camden Depot in Charleston, said to have been built by the South Carolina Railroad in 1849 and 1850 by architect Edward C. Jones.

In my research of the South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company, I am seeing all railroad-related information, and no canal-related information.

So I looked up canals in South Carolina, and this is what I found, so obviously there were canals in South Carolina, but hardly any clarity on who actually built them, nor is there much information available about them.

This is one of several star forts that were located in the Pensacola, Florida area.

This is the former location of what was called the fort of Pensacola…

…where the CSX Railyards are just a few blocks south of where the fort was located.

At one time, this was part of the Pensacola Railroad System that was completed in 1860.

By the year of 1850, there were 9,000-miles, or 14,000-kilometers, of railroad lines said to have been built in the United States.

We are told that the federal government operated a land-grant system between 1855 and 1871, where new railway companies in what we are told was the uninhabited west were given millions of acres they could sell or pledge to bondholders.

The establishment of a land-grant system at this time is a good place to insert once again the story of the Ames Brothers of Easton, Massachusetts, co-owners of the Ames Shovel Shop, nationally known for providing the shovels for the Union Pacific Railroad, which we are told opened the west. It was said to have been the world’s largest supplier of shovels in the 19th-century.

Not only that, one brother, Oliver Ames, Jr, (b. 1807 – d. 1877) was the President of the Union Pacific Railroad from when it met the Central Pacific Railroad in Utah for the completion of the first Transcontinental Railroad in North America.

The other brother, Oakes Ames, was a member of the U. S. Congress House of Representatives from Massachusetts 2nd District from 1863-1873. He was credited by many as being the most important influence in building the Union Pacific portion of the first Transcontinental Railroad.

Oakes Ames was also noted for his involvement in the Credit-Mobilier Scandal of 1867, regarding the improper sale of stock of the railroad’s construction company.

He was formally censured by Congress in 1873 for this involvement, and he died in the same year.

Ten-years later, he was posthumously exonerated by the Massachusetts State Legislature on May 10th, 1883.

This is the Ames Monument near Laramie in Wyoming, said to have been built between 1880 and 1882. It was dedicated to the Ames brothers for their role in financing the Union Pacific Railroad. Hmmm…serious conflicts-of-interest and graft much, but no real consequences to their memory?

There is one more U. S. railroad that I would like to take a look it before moving on, which is the Gulf and Ship Island Railroad in Mississippi, with the reason given for its construction being the opening a vast expanse of southern yellow pine forests for commercial harvest.

It was said to have been developed under three charters provided by the Mississippi State Legislature, with the first charter being granted in 1850, a second one in 1856, and the last one in 1887, and the Gulf and Ship Island Railroad was opened in 1882, with Gulfport, Mississippi being the railroad terminal and headquarters.

What is really interesting to me that while there is a deep-water harbor protected by Ship Island, in the Gulf of Mexico just off the coast of Mississippi, there is also a star fort – called Fort Massachusetts, said to have been built following the War of 1812.

Onward to Canada.

The Champlain & St. Lawrence Railway was the first Canadian railway, chartered in 1832 and built in 1835. It was said to have been financed by Montreal businessman & brewery owner John Molson.

It ran for a distance of just over 14-miles, or 23 km, starting operation on 21 July 1836, and linking Laprairie, a city across the St. Lawrence River from Montreal, to St. John on the Richelieu River, to cut time from the trip between Montreal and New York.

A Stephenson Samson steam locomotive pulled two coaches on a round-trip from Laprairie.  In 1851 an extension was added to this rail line to Rouses Point in New York.

Canada’s Grand Railway Hotels were said to have been built by the Canadian Railway companies, with the development of the railways said to have acted as the catalyst for their construction. The use of towers and turrets were said to be a signature style for Canada’s majestic hotels. It is important to note that towers and turrets are a signatures of Moorish architecture.

Right next to the main train station of Montreal, the Windsor station, said to have been built between 1887 and 1889…

…was the Windsor Hotel in Montreal, the first Grand Railway Hotel , said to have been built in 1878.

Compare the appearance of the Windsor Hotel in Montreal with that of the Westin Palace Hotel in Madrid, Spain, where the Moors do have an historical presence.

Other Canadian Grand Railway Hotels include:

The Second Hotel Vancouver, said to have been built by the Canadian Pacific Railway between 1912 and 1916 (keeping in mind World War I was between 1914 and 1918)…

…and the Chateau Frontenac in Quebec City, said to have been built by the Canadian Pacific Railway between 1892 and 1893…

…which reminds me of the Ksiaz Castle in Poland, said to have been built between 1288 and 1292.

Now, other historic train stations around the world include:

The Tokyo Station in the Marunouchi District of Tokyo, Japan, which was said to have opened in 1914…

…and here it is today, with a fair amount of the original buildings still intact..

Here is the Amsterdam Central Railway Station, said to have been built starting in 1882 and opened in 1889…

…and the Gare d’Orsay in Paris, said to have opened in 1900…

…and the caption of this photo of inside this railroad terminal reads “Electric trains operating in the Gare d’Orsay, circa 1900.”

This leads me to look up the definition of terminal, for which there are two nouns:

1. The end of a railroad or other transportation route, or a station at such a point
2. A point of connection for closing an electric circuit

I believe we are talking about a sophisticated electrical circuitry system that the Master Builders of the Ancient & Advanced Civilization built into the physical infrastructure of the planetary grid system, and accessed free energy to provide electrical power for this civilization worldwide, including all transportation systems.

One more thought in closing. I came across this a picture of this painting called “The Excavation of Pennsylvania Station,” painted by George Wesley Bellows in 1909, in New York City.

While it could certainly mean the act or process of digging in and of itself, it has a subtler meaning associated in archaeology with removing something specific from the ground to find artifacts. So, what kind of excavation are we seeing here? There are some interesting things going on here, to include what looks like tracks of some kind in the left mid-ground.

This is the original Pennsylvania Station in New York, said to have been built between 1905 and 1910…and demolished in 1963. Why build a massive building of heavy masonry and demolish it after only 53 years of use? This makes no sense, and was the fate of many of these original railroad terminals.

I personally think all of this infrastructure was being dug out of the mud created by a world-wide liquefaction event that took place around 1740 – 1741, and that Humanity’s new historical narrative was kicked-off in 1851 with the Great Exhibition held in the Crystal Palace in London. I didn’t start from this perspective. I have come to this conclusion from my research. Even in this post, there are a lot of things happening in the time-frame around the date of 1850.

In my next post, I am going to look closely at the related subject of streetcar systems around the world.

When I was researching “The Manner in which a Global Canal System has been Kept from Our Awareness,” I searched for the Sault Ste. Marie Locks. I already knew they were impressive from earlier research into what is the hidden history of not only North America, but of the World.

When this photo with detailed information popped up of what are called the “Soo Locks,” I knew I was looking at a significant complex with respect to the hidden Advanced Ancient Civilization, and was instantly interested in taking a closer look at the area. I got a “Ding, ding, ding, Jackpot!” vibe in my head. Even in my initial foray into research here for this post, I found much to reveal. It seems to have everything Moorish rolled into one place!

The Soo Locks, the largest waterway traffic system on Earth, are called the “Linchpin of the Great Lakes,” allowing ships to travel between Lake Superior and the lower Great Lakes. Lake Superior meets Lake Huron with a 21-foot drop in elevation.

I am usually not interested in what the historical narrative says, except for the purpose of finding specific physical locations and landmarks for my research, but I think it is important in this case to share a few things about what we are taught in our historical narrative about this location.

The city of Sault Ste. Marie was said to have been founded by the French Jesuit missionary, Father Jacques Marquette, in 1668. It was said to be named for both the “Sault,” the name given to the St. Mary’s River rapids, and the Virgin Mary, and called the first European city in the Great Lakes Region.

We are told that before the coming of Father Marquette, and “civilization,” this land was inhabited by the Anishinabeg, or Anishinaabe, a name the Ojibwe and Algonquin people use for themselves in their own language, meaning “original people.”

When I searched for a map of where the Algonquin peoples lived in North America, and this is what comes up.

I will be bringing together different strands of this fabric by showing you what is actually here as we go along to weave a different picture of history based on physical evidence, and the inconsistencies in what we are told about it.

Sault Ste. Marie was one city until the border between the United States and Canada was established at the St. Mary’s River in a treaty after the War of 1812, creating Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, and Sault Ste. Marie Ontario, and on both sides of the river, the area is referred to as the “The Sault” or even “The Soo.”

Sault Ste. Marie is the oldest city in Michigan, and said to be the third-oldest city in the United States.

The main course of the St. Mary’s River, starts at Whitefish Bay at the eastern end of Lake Superior, and flows 74.5-miles, or 119.9-kilometers, southeast around Sugar Island into Lake Huron.

At the River of History Museum in downtown Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, where we find out that St. Mary’s River is 8,000-years-old, and “born out of the trauma of this land as it buckled and ruptured, and gave way amidst thunderous sound and gigantic force – carved and formed by nature’s relentless sculptor – the glacier. So, let’s take a look like what this violently-formed, nature-carved river looks like.

Before the St. Mary’s River even comes to the Lock Systems, from the direction of Lake Superior, this is what the shore-line looks like on the Ontario-side, with points and straight-edges…

…and even another canal going up into the city as pointed out by the arrows, with the last arrow showing where it looks like the canal was cut-off and drained.

The St. Mary’s River also has a so-called branch going into what is called Lake Nicolet on the other side of Sugar Island. Here is a close-up of what it looks like heading in that direction.

I am going to use the same graphic that I showed at the beginning as a means for organizing the information about this physical location.

I am going to start looking first around Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan on the right side, and work my way across the various features to Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario on the left side.

Brady Park is situated to the east of the Soo Locks on the St. Mary’s River waterfront…

…and were the grounds of the Old Fort Brady. Here we find an obelisk said to have been designed by Charles McKim, of what is called the renowned New York architecture firm McKim, Mead, and White, to commemorate the 50th-Anniversary of the Soo Locks.

This obelisk is situated on top of a triangular-looking earthwork, as seen here from Google Earth.

Here is what it looks like from the street-view.

This colossal stone is on the earthwork as well, near the obelisk, said to commemorate the location of what we are told was the French Fort Repentigny, said to have been established in 1750, and captured by the British in 1760 during the French and Indian War, and burned down and abandoned in 1762.

Old Fort Brady was said to have been built in 1822 to guard against incursions from the British in Canada.

In my research, I have found that words like fort and fortress are code words that covers up infrastructure that had a specific energy function on the planetary grid, called star forts in the present-day, that were re-purposed to appear to have had a solely military function.

I have also consistently found pairs, and even groups, of star forts in my research, like in Lower and Upper New York Bay…

…and Pensacola, Florida, to name a very few.

So I looked to see what was across the River in Ontario, and found the area around the John Rowswell Park looking quite pointed.

I think I can make at least a circumstantial case that there was at least one pair of star forts in Sault Ste. Marie in the area’s history.

In 1893, Fort Brady was moved to higher ground. More on the New Fort Brady’s present-day use shortly.

The building now serving as the City Hall for Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, is the old Federal Building, and is located in the block right across the street from Brady Park.

The Federal Building was said to have been designed by James Knox Taylor, the Supervising Architect of the United States Treasury between 1897 and 1912, and constructed between 1909 and 1910 of limestone from a Bedford, Indiana quarry.

An interesting aside, Bedford, Indiana, was known as the “Limestone Capital of the World” with its large limestone quarries, and said to have also provided the limestone for such noteworthy places as the Empire State Building and the Pentagon. Ever heard of this place before? And…how’d they transport it?

The large stone with the plaque said to be marking the original location of St. Mary’s Church, begun by the Jesuits in 1668, is shown here on the Northwest corner of the City Hall grounds, with the current St. Mary’s Church in the background to the left.

It is now called the St. Mary Proto-Cathedral, and this building was said to have been erected in 1881. This is the third-oldest Roman Catholic parish in the United States after St. Augustine, Florida, and Santa Fe, New Mexico.

An Irish-Canadian architect by the name of Joseph Connelly is given the credit in our historical narrative for the design of it.

The Tower of History towers over the St. Mary Proto-Cathedral to which it is adjacent. It is 210-feet, or 64-meter, high, with an observation deck at the top, and was said to have been built in 1968 by the Catholic Church as a Shrine of the Missionaries.

Okay. That’s mighty big, for whatever reason it was built.

On the left, the Tower of History reminded me of the Tour Perret in Amiens, France in the middle, and the Tour de Guet in Calais, France, on the right.

The New Fort Brady site, said to have been established in 1893 to replace Old Fort Brady, and was abandoned in 1944. Today, it is on the campus of Lake Superior State University, with 14 of the original fort buildings re-purposed and in-use.

These include the Officers’ Row houses…

…the now-mens’ dormitory Brady Hall…

…said to have been Fort Brady’s barracks previously…

…the Child Care Center was previously the Fort’s Guard House circa 1893…

…and this was the Commanding Officer’s Quarters.

The ancient advanced civilization most certainly built with bricks like this, and in many cases the camera will pick up magnetic energy signatures from these structures. For example, this is Fort Des Moines in Des Moines, Iowa.

Edison Sault Electric Company Canal, also known as the Edison Sault Power Canal, supplies the St. Mary’s Falls Hydropower Plant, an 18-MW, with capacity up to 30-MW, hydroelectric generating plant.

Made from sandstone masonry, it was said to have been built under the supervision of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, starting in 1898, with operation starting in 1902, and is one of the oldest, continuously-operating power plants in North America. Just want to point out the doors in the middle of the building, above ground level. Seems to be an odd location for a full-size set of doors.

The water velocity of the power canal varies at times but can be up to 7-mph, or 11-kph, with the entrance being controlled by four steel headgates.

Moving across the graphic, the next place at which to look are the Soo Locks.

The Soo Locks are considered a wonder of engineering and human ingenuity.

They by-pass the rapids of St. Mary’s River, the river drops 21-feet, or about 6.4-meters, over hard red sandstone in a short 3/4-mile, or 1.2-kilometer, stretch.

The first locks were said to have been built here in 1855, and operated by the State of Michigan until transferred to the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1881, who owns and maintains and operates the St. Mary’s Falls Canal, within which the locks are located.

In the South Canal, the smaller MacArthur Lock was said to have been built in 1942, and the wider Poe Lock in 1896.

The two buildings seen here, the larger one beside the MacArthur Lock, and the smaller one beside the Poe lock…

… have all the hallmark features of the heavy masonry architecture of the advanced, ancient Moorish civilization.

In the North Canal, the Davis Lock, said to have been built in 1919, is used infrequently for light freighters, tour boats, and small craft when the traffic warrants, and the Sabin Lock, said to have been built in 1914, is no longer in use.

There are two hydroelectric powerhouses next to the Soo Locks, together generating 18.4-MW for the Soo Locks complex.

In the next place in the graphic, I will start at the Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge…

…between the United States and Canada, which permits vehicular traffic to pass over the locks.

It is the northern terminus of I-75, which goes all the way to Miami, Florida.

The Sault Ste. Marie International Railroad bridge runs adjacent to the International Bridge, and was said to have been built in 1887. It has a vertical lift bridge and swing bridge features as well. Really sophisticated engineering feats!

Next are the St. Mary’s Falls, of which the International boundary goes through the middle.

In the right foreground of those photo, in front of the International Bridges, is what are known as the Compensating Works.

They consist of 17 piers and concrete aprons bearing on sandstone bedrock. Piers 1 – 9 are in Canada, and Piers 10 – 17 are in the United States. These were said to have been constructed between 1913 and 1919 (with World War I occurring between 1914 and 1918), and has an extremely sophisticated sluice gate and gate machinery system.

The Sault Ste. Marie Canal is in Canada, on the other side of the St. Mary’s Falls and Compensating Works. It is a National Historic Site, and part of the National Park System of Canada. The date of a lock here is said to go back to 1798, with its destruction in 1814 in an attack by U. S. forces in the War of 1812, and what is here presently was said to have been constructed in 1895.

This is said to be depicting the upper entrance to the Sault Ste. Marie canal in 1857.

Next on the graphic is the Great Lakes Power Canal and the Ontario side of Sault Ste. Marie.

Great Lakes Power was established in the early 1900s by Francis H. Clergue.

Francis H. Clergue was an American businessman from who became the leading industrialist of Sault Ste. Marie, Canada, in the late 1800s and early 1900s.

In addition to Great Lakes Power, he was also credited with establishing other industrial companies, like the Sault Ste. Marie Pulp and Paper Company in 1895.

This photo of the Pulp and Paper Mill is interesting. What is it really showing us? A recently built canal and building as they want us to believe? Or far older infrastructure, perhaps after a cataclysm?

We are told Francis Clergue was being the establishment and construction of the Algoma Steel Factory. This February 1901 photo is actually titled “Algoma is Born.” Great contrast of the rudimentary horse-and-buggy shown here, parked right next to rail tracks of some kind…

…with the Algoma Steel Factory, which is said to have opened in 1902, at which time the factory was said to have produced its first rail-tracks, and where it specialized in rails for Canadian Railways as its primary product for the next twenty-years.

The blast furnaces for pig iron manufacture were not said to have been completed until 1904.

This is incredibly high building and industrial technology and expertise for what we are taught we were capable of at the time. Ford’s Model T wasn’t even in production yet ~ it entered the transportation scene in the fall of 1908.

Clergue was also credited with the development of the Algoma Central Railway, connecting it to the Transcontinental artery of Canada. He was said to have initially owned it, and needed a way to transport logs from the Algoma District in northeastern Ontario for his pulp mill, and iron ore for the steel factory, and that it was chartered on August 11th, 1899. It was said to have been completed, in Hearst, Ontario, in 1914. Never made it all the way to Hudson Bay as was planned, we are told.

The details are really sketchy about where the steel for the rails came from since we are told the Algoma Steel Factory didn’t start producing them until 1902.

This is the Algoma Central & Hudson Bay Railway Terminal Station in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, said to have been built in 1912.

Other things we find in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, include:

The Algonquin Hotel, circa 1919…

…and the Algonquin Hotel today.

…the International Hotel…

…the Old Post Office…

…and the first Town Hall and Public Library.

Whitefish Island is located between the St. Mary’s Falls and the Sault Ste. Marie Canal in Ontario.

This is a closer view of sights we see on Whitefish Island. This view is facing Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario.

There is plenty more to see here, and I could spend a long time looking around the area. I feel the same way about New York City. There is just a ton of information to be found in places like these.

I am going to end this post with a few words about semantics.

Semantics is the branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning, and the relationship between signifiers – like words, phrases, signs, and symbols – and what they stand for in reality.

The pronunciation of the words Sault, Soo, and Sioux are identical.

In the same way, the pronunciation of Washitaw, regarding the ancient, aboriginal Empire Washitaw of North America, and Ouachita, a name given to a variety of places and businesses, is the same as well.

The lands of the Sioux that we are taught about aren’t this far east.

These are the Sioux Falls located in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, where we are taught their lands were.

They are located right next to what we are told are the ruins of the Queen Bee Flour Mill, which was said to have been built between 1879 and 1881, where it had access to all of the city’s five rail-lines…and was destroyed by fire in 1956?

Who were the Sioux, really? I would lay money they were not primarily hunter-gatherers as we have been taught. This fragmentation of the ancient and advanced civilization into a myriad of different tribal nations was done for misdirection about, and deconstruction of, it.

For example, the Menonimee are a federally-recognized tribal nation, with historic territory in Wisconsin, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, which is the location of Sault St. Marie.

Images like these come down to us from early painters. This painting is by an artist named Paul Kane, who died in 1871, called “Fishing by Torchlight,” of the Menominee spearfishing at night by torchlight and canoe on the Fox River.

Yet we find architecture of heavy masonry like the Mabel Tainter Memorial Theater in Menomonie, Wisconsin, said to have been built in 1889…

…that looks like the Alhambra in Grenada, Spain, on the inside.

In closing, Sault Ste. Marie is an amazing place, with all of the ancient technologies on display in place up until what we would consider relatively modern times.

It must have been very important as one of the first places the Jesuits came to in North America, after St. Augustine, Florida, and Sante Fe, New Mexico.

I may have to do a study of these two places in the future, but in my next post I think I will be looking at trains. So many subjects to choose from, and I have plenty of material yet to share with you moving forward!

I am going to focus on bringing together the star forts, and other similar infrastructure with names like fortresses, citadels, and castles & palaces that I have found in the course of doing research for all of the circle alignment series I have done thus far.

While most of this information is contained within different parts of these previous series, I have found more star forts on different alignments while researching for this post.

In my initial research for the circle alignments, I wasn’t necessarily looking for in particular star forts – I just found them along the way.

For this post, I went back to some of the places on the circle alignments looking specifically for them, and found some noteworthy things.

The basis of all of my research comes from a star tetrahedron I found by connecting cities in North America that lined-up in lines.

I believe this is the terminus of the planetary grid system, and that everything about the advanced ancient civilization was based on sacred geometry, including how all of the physical infrastructure of the planet was laid out.

This is the Flower of Life pattern.

It is the creation pattern of the Universe, and all sacred geometric shapes are contained within it, including, but not limited to, the star tetrahedron.

My intuitive understanding of sacred geometry, which I first learned about starting in 2007, is what has guided me in uncovering the information I am bringing forward, and in finding the circle alignments that I am going to focus on in this post.

There are many kinds of alignments, all connected to each other, so what I am about to share is only a snapshot of what is really an overwhelming amount of information.

This is why I have chosen to review places I found on the circle alignments, and this will be a lot of information in and of itself. There is so much to reveal on this vast topic, so please bear with me on the length of this post! I have much to share.

I am going to start with the Circle Alignment beginning, and ending, in Merida, Mexico.

The city of Campeche is located on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, and a relatively short distance southwest of Merida, Mexico.

There are at least two star forts there.

Fort San Miguel is located in Campeche, and was said to have been completed by the Spanish in 1801…

…and is now a Mayan museum.

The other is Fort San Jose el Alto on the other side of town on a bluff overlooking the Bay of Campeche…

…and said to have been built in 1762, and also considered a Spanish colonial fort.

It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999.

It opened as a Museum of Ships and Weaponry in 1995, and in 2017, its primary focus was changed to being a museum of underwater archeology.

And as I sat here reading about the eight defensive bulwarks that are part of a city wall in the shape of an irregular hexagon, I realized that Campeche was a star city, and searched for an historic map of the city.

This is called the”Puerta de Tierra” or “Land Gate,” with the seven of the eight bulwarks still standing…

…and many of Campeche’s old gates and walls are still intact and well-preserved. These were said to have been built by starting in 1686.

Next on the Merida circle alignment is Key West, Florida, where we find three star forts, including:

East Fort Martello, which was said to have been built in 1862…

…and called one of the best preserved examples of the Martello-style of military architecture in the country, and is now the Martello Gallery – Key West Art and Historical Museum.

Fort Zachary Taylor is in the city of Key West as well, and was said to have been constructed starting in 1845, and for which Fort East Martello was said to have been a supporting battery.

It was said to have been constructed from oolitic limestone and New England granite.

New England granite? In the furthest west part of the Florida Keys? In 1845?

There is a star fort called Ft. Jefferson at Dry Tortugas National Park, on an island which lies 68-miles, 109-kilometers, further west of Key West, and is only accessible by ferry or boat.

It is called a massive, unfinished coastal structure, and the largest brick masonry structure in the United States, made with over 16 million bricks, and its third-largest fort. It was said to have been built between 1845 and 1861.

Next, the Merida circle alignment goes through the Bahamas, where in Nassau we find three intact star forts, and one that was located where there is a hotel now.

This is Fort Fincastle in Nassau, the capital of the Bahamas, and located on New Providence Island. It was said to have been constructed as a defensive structure from cut limestone 1793 by Lord Dunmore, the royal governor of the Bahamas during this time-frame.

It overlooks the city of Nassau and the Queen’s staircase, 66-steps said to have been carved out of solid limestone rock between 1793 and 1794 around the same time period that Fort Fincastle was built.

Yeah right, I don’t think so!

Fort Charlotte is also in Nassau, also said to have been built by Lord Dunmore.

Fort Montagu was said to have been built in 1741, constructed by British military engineer Peter Henry Bruce.

The Bahamas became a British Crown Colony in 1718, we are told when the British were clamping down on piracy. It became an independent Commonwealth Realm of Great Britain in 1973, with its own parliament, and the British monarch as its head of state.

The British Colonial Hilton Hotel is said to be on the grounds of what was the Old Fort of Nassau, described as having been built of stone in the shape of a four-pointed star.

Bermuda is next.

First, let’s take a look at Fort Hamilton in the capital city of Hamilton. It is situated above the city, and is said to have been built in 1870.  It is in the shape of a pentagram. 

Interestingly they have cannon on platforms at only three of the five main points of the fort’s pentagram shape…

…resting upon what looks to be a more recent concrete platform…

 …and nothing in two of the five points.

The fort has beautiful colonnades, seemingly holding up air, and a nice wall in the background about the same height. Don’t know if the area used to be enclosed or not, but sure looks like it could have been!

Fort St. Catherine is on the northeast tip of George’s Island in Bermuda. The stone fort here was said to have been built in 1614.

This is a 1624 map of Bermuda, attributed to Captain John Smith of Jamestown, Virginia-fame, with Fort Charlotte depicted on the top left.

Fort Cunningham is located Paget Island in Bermuda’s St. George’s Harbor…

…and this is Alexandra Battery, located about a mile away from Fort St. Catherine, to name a few.

As a matter of fact, there are dozens of old forts on the island of Bermuda, much like Fernando de Noronha off the coast of Brazil. Both are in the Atlantic Ocean, separated by 3,277-miles, or 5,274-kilometers.

I am thinking these two islands were significant power centers for the energy system of the planetary grid. There were possibly more places like this, but I know of at least two places were for sure! More on Fernando de Noronha later in this post.

The Merida Circle alignment goes through Iceland, Greenland, over the North Pole, into Siberia, then into the Pacific Ocean through the Near Islands at the end of the Aleutian Island chain (Attu, Shemya and Agattu), and down on through the Hawaiian Islands.

There I found what is called the Old Russian Fort at Fort Elizabeth State Park on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai. It looks like a very ancient star fort to me.

The alignment goes through all of the Hawaiian Islands, the Revillagigedo Islands, in the Pacific Ocean, before entering Mexico at Colima.

While not directly on the Merida alignment, but very close to it, I found two star forts in Puebla, Mexico, the Fort of Guadalupe…

…and the Fort Loreto…

…that are situated relatively close to each other, on a hill not far from the city center of Puebla.

The Battle of Puebla is where the legendary Cinco de Mayo battle took place on May 5, 1862, where poorly-equipped Mexican forces defeated superior French forces.

Also not directly on the alignment, but close, and overlooking the Gulf of Mexico, in Veracruz, we find the Castle of Fort San Juan de Ulua.

It’s construction was said to have started in 1565, in the Spanish Colonial New Spain era.

The San Carlos Fortress is also in Veracruz.

It was said to have been built between 1770 and 1776 as a guard post and repository for treasure before its shipment to Spain.

Next, I will take a look at some noteworthy locations I found on the Amsterdam Island circle alignments. I will be showing you a variety of citadels, fortresses, and even temples that could very well serve the same function as the star forts around the world even if they don’t fit the classic look. Fort, fortress, or citadel is a code word that covers up ancient infrastructure that had a specific energy function on the planetary grid.

Amsterdam Island is a tiny dot in the South Indian Ocean, one of the French Subantarctic Islands, also known as the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, officially claimed by France in 1892. 

There is a research station there that studies biology, meteorology, and geomagnetics. 

Here is a photograph of Lee Waves taken on Amsterdam Island.  Lee Waves are atmospheric stationary waves, and are a form of internal gravity waves.   Must be the reason why the geomagnetics of this island are studied.

The Amsterdam Island circle alignment goes through the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, where we find the Citadel Fort Adelaide in Port Louis, the capital of Mauritius.

The alignment goes through Somalia, entering at the capital city of Mogadishu, where we find the Citadel of Gondershe nearby…

…and we find the interesting, almost circuit-looking Taleh Fortress, in Northern Somalia.

In Mukalla, Yemen, this is the Alguwizi Fortress, called an architectural masterpiece built on the foot of a rock…to protect the city from Bedouin attacks? It sure doesn’t look like it was built to be a defensive structure to me!

Yemen is another one of those places with a missing glorious ancient past.

This is the Awwam Temple in Marib, Yemen, also known as the Mahram Bilquis, or the Sanctuary of the Queen of Sheba.

The Sheba Kingdom is one of many ancient kingdoms that reigned in what is now present-day Yemen.

Arash Bilqis, or the Throne of Bilqis, has monolithic stone pillars (meaning single block of stone) more than 26-feet, or 8-meters, high, featuring writing and advanced masonry.

It is interesting to note that the old South Arabian inscriptions seen here…

… have a Norse runic look to them.

You may ponder what this means. I myself would bet money that it does not mean vikings were in ancient Yemen.

This is exactly what they say about the Heavener Runestone in Heavener, Oklahoma, and the accepted explanation to this day is that there were vikings in Oklahoma.

I would put my money on these being symbols of the original language, Vril, connected to the Ancients and their mastery of how to harness natural energy to create amazing things.

Mahram Bilqis was also dedicated to the moon god of the ancient Yemenis, Al-Muqh, and dates back to the fifth- and seventh-centuries B. C.

Travelling through Yemen and southern Saudi Arabia, on our way to the United Arab Emirates, we pass through the Rub Al Khali, or the Empty Quarter of the southern-third of the Arabian Peninsula. It’s the largest desert in the world.

A recent Saudi Arabian Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources reported that the dunes don’t drift – that while sand blows off the surfaces, their essential shape remains intact. Something tells me there is enduring infrastructure underneath all that sand….

Moving on, this the Al Fahidi Fort, now a museum in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates.

It was said to have been built in 1787, and is said to be the oldest existing building in Dubai.

Next on the alignment, we come to the Island of Hormuz in the Strait of Hormuz, part of the Hormozgan Province of southern Iran, where we find the old Portuguese Fort, otherwise known as the Fort of Our Lady of the Conception. It was said to have been built shortly after the Portuguese captured the island in 1507.

The date given for this old map of Hormuz is 1747, showing lots of activity going on here, and what appears to be another star fort shape across the Strait of Hormuz on the coast of what is now southern Iran.

While on Google Earth there no longer appears to be a similar structure across the water in this location…

…there does appear to be an intentional configuration of many square shapes in the desert in that location…

…that are reminiscent of circuitry chips on a circuit board.

Further up the alignment, the Arg-e-Bam Citadel in Kerman Province in Iran, is considered to be the largest mud brick, or adobe, building in the world.

An earthquake in 2003 destroyed much of it, but you can still get a sense of the size and shapes of the complex from this Google Earth screenshot.

This is the Bazaar-e-Sartasari in the city of Kerman, one of the oldest trading centers in Iran…

…where you can see shared characteristics, like the vaulted archways, with Fort Pulaski in the U.S. State of Georgia, on Tybee Island near Savannah, Georgia.

…and long buildings with continuous archways.

So, believe me, there is a lot more in this part of the world through Central Asia. I am going to fast-forward through the Amsterdam Circle Alignment to Japan because I have so much more to cover and all of this information belongs together in one post.

This is the Goryokaku star fort at the port of Hakodate on the southern end of the Japanese Island of Hokkaido.

It was one of two Japanese ports that the United States demanded under threat of force to be open to American vessels in 1853 and 1854.

The alignment goes through Tokyo, where we find the Edo Castle, said to have been built in 1457…

… and today is part of the Tokyo Imperial Palace.

Next, I am going to compile the infrastructure that I uncovered researching the Circle Alignment that begins in Algiers, Algeria. Keep in mind that I am finding that the name citadel and fortress are included in the code words to cover-up highly advanced ancient building technology connected to the energy system of the planetary grid.

The Casbah in Algiers is also called the Ancient City of the Deys.

The five noble titles of the Moors are: El, Bey, Dey, Al, and Ali.

Ancient means something belonging to the very distant past.

Yet we are told that the title of Dey in Algiers (as well as the Deys of Tunis and Tripoli) was given to these rulers under the Ottomon Empire, starting in 1671.

Yet the Casbah is known as the Ancient City of the Deys???!!!

The meaning of Casbah is “Citadel” and refers to the Citadel of Algiers, and the traditional quarter clustered around it.

While there are some parts of the Casbah that have not fared well with Civil War and neglect…

…there is still much beauty to be found…

…and heavy stone masonry here.

Before moving on from Algeria, I will show you the four star forts that I found in Oran, Algeria, formerly the seat of the Beys, and is west of Algiers on the Mediterranean coast.

The first I found in Oran was Fort Santa Cruz, said to have been built between 1577 and 1604 by the Spanish.

We are told that in 1831, the French occupied Oran and the fort.

There are subterranean tunnels connecting Fort Santa Cruz with all of the ancient forts of Oran…

…including Fort Lamoune, which is located on the western end of the harbor there…

…and commands the road from Oran to…

… Mers-el-Kebir, the Great Harbor, and strategic military port of Oran.

It is said to have an ancient history that goes back to Roman times, and was of great strategic importance.

Taking great note of the year, it was said to have become a center of pirate activity in 1492, the year of the Fall of Grenada, the final act in the campaign to drive the Moors out of Spain.

I believe the year 1492 was a key player and clue as to how and when the original Moorish timeline was deliberately hijacked. In order for negative beings to seize control Humanity, the Advanced Humans of Higher Consciousness had to be taken out, and history re-written and falsified.

Fort de Santiago is also in Oran, and connected to the others.

It is a short distance west of the Fort Santa Cruz.

While I am most specifically addressing the alignments I have personally found, I want to emphasize that this civilization was laid out geometrically world-wide, and there are many, many other alignments on which these places are located.

For example, while Guinea-Bissau, formerly French Guinea, is not directly on the Algiers circle alignment, the African country of Guinea to which it is adjacent is, where it goes through Conakry…

…where we find Fort Cacheu, located on the Cacheu River, near the Atlantic Coast.

It was said to have been built in the 16th-century by the Portuguese.

The Algiers circle alignment leaves Africa in Guinea, and crosses the Atlantic to enter Brazil on the coast in Sao Luis.

The first star fort I came across in my research in Brazil was the Sao Jose do Rio Negro, at the confluence of the Amazon and Negro Rivers.

It was renamed Manaus, after the indigenous Manaos people, in 1848 when it was established legally as a city. This was just a few years before the Crystal Palace Exposition in 1851, which I believe was the official start of earth’s new, hijacked timeline.

This is an aerial of Fort San Lorenzo, on the Caribbean coast at the village of Chagres, near Colon.

It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, said to have been built in 1587.

Henry Morgan, a Welsh pirate, was said to have ordered the destruction of Fort San Lorenzo in 1670…

…and then he was said to have invaded Panama City the following year from Fort San Lorenzo, and destroyed what was Old Panama, or Panama Viejo…

…which had a similar star fort of which only ruins remain. This is a diorama of what Panama Viejo would have looked like before its destruction.

The Algiers Circle alignment goes the Trujillo, Honduras, where we find the Fortaleza de Santa Barbara, said to have been built by the Spanish in around 1550.

Trujillo is where Christopher Columbus landed in 1502, on his fourth and final journey.

This is the Fortress of San Felipe in Bacalar, Mexico.

It is near Chetumal, in Mexico’s southeastern border with the country of Belize.

The Algiers circle alignment also goes through Merida, where Campeche is 97-miles, or 157-kilometers, southwest of Merida.

Then, the Algiers Circle Alignment crosses the Gulf of Mexico, and we come to Baton Rouge.

The history of Baton Rouge is going to take me into new research for this post that uncovered numerous star forts, and connections to a little-known history of North America.

This region was part of French Lower Louisiana, comprising the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, with was established in 1682. More about the former French Louisiana lands later in this post.

In 1762, with the Treaty of Fontainebleau, France secretly ceded Louisiana to Spain.

In 1763, Great Britain, who acquired these same lands from France and Spain through the Treaty of Paris at the end of the French and Indian War, established West and East Florida.

Pensacola was the capital of West Florida.

Spain officially entered the American Revolutionary War on May 8th, 1779, with a formal declaration of war by King Charles III, and on July 8th, another declaration followed that authorized colonial subjects to engage in hostilities against the British. That is when the Governor of Spanish Louisiana, Bernardo de Galvez, started to plan operations to take British West Florida in what is known as the Anglo-Spanish War.

On August 27, 1779, Galvez led an attack force to Fort Bute, a colonial fort that was said to have been built in 1766 by the British to protect the confluence of the Bayou Manchac with the Mississippi River, 115- miles, or 185-kilometers, upriver from New Orleans, on the far western border of British West Florida.

It was described as a decaying relic of the French and Indian War, and was captured after a brief skirmish.

Whatever fort was here in the past at Manchac Bayou, now known as Akers, Louisiana, it is no longer to be found.

The Battle of Baton Rouge was next, a brief siege during the Anglo-Spanish War that was decided on September 21st of 1779, and the second British outpost to fall to the Spanish during Bernardo de Galvez’ march into British West Florida. Baton Rouge was only 15-miles, or 24-kilometers, from Fort Bute.

The British commander, Lt. Colonel Alexander Dickson, was said to have built Fort Richmond in Baton Rouge in July of 1779. He had decided that Fort Bute was indefensible, and placed most of his troops in Baton Rouge.

Now, it is unclear as to whether or not Fort Richmond is the same star fort that is depicted in this historic map of Baton Rouge…

…or whether or not it is a depiction in this map of the Pentagon Barracks, which are still standing as a museum in a prominent part of Baton Rouge. More on this shortly…

…or another star fort entirely. But there it is, at least one star fort depicted on the historic map in Baton Rouge circa 1814.

At any rate, the Spanish shelled the British for three-hours in their Baton Rouge fortication, after which time Lt. Colonel Dickson surrendered to the Spanish Commander Galvez, who also required the capitulation of the British Fort Panmure, also known as Fort Rosalie, in Natchez, Mississippi, as part of the terms of surrender. These terms were accepted.

This is a still standing home in Natchez, Mississippi, with a colonnaded onion dome on the top left, compared with the colonnaded onion dome at the Colt Armory in Hartford, Connecticut on the top right, and this one at Sintra, Portugal on the bottom.

Back to the location of the present-day Pentagon Barracks Museum in Baton Rouge, it is located right next to the grounds and heart of the Louisiana State government, shown here.

And when you compare the gardens of the Louisiana State Capitol Park here on the top left in Baton Rouge, literally right next to the Pentagon Barracks, you find noteworthy similarities to the geometric lay-out with the Tuileries Gardens in Paris on the top right; the Kensington Gardens and Hyde Park in London on the bottom left, and the Versailles Gardens on the bottom right, located in Versailles and right outside of Paris.

The next battle that Galdez and the Spanish Forces won was the Battle of Fort Charlotte, or Fort Conde, in Mobile, Alabama, after a short less than two-week battle in 1780.

The Siege of Pensacola was fought in 1781, and the culmination of Spain’s conquest of British West Florida during the Gulf Coast campaign.

Here is what I found when I looked at Pensacola. These star forts are close together, and intact.

Fort Pickens is on the western end of the Santa Rosa Island…

…where it sits on one side of the channel entering Pensacola Bay from the Gulf of Mexico.

Fort Barrancas is directly across from Fort Pickens on the other side of this channel, and located physically within the Pensacola Naval Air Station…

…and what is called the Advanced Redoubt as well.

This is how the relationship between these three star forts looks from above.

Other star forts in Pensacola included Fort George, of which this is what is left:

There is nothing left of what was the Fort of Pensacola, also known as the Presidio Santa Maria de Galvez.

This was its previous location…

…which I found through the coordinates of the former fort on this map.

I find it interesting to note the the head of the CSX Railyards was just one-block due south of where the Fort of Pensacola was located, which happens to look like a circuit board diagram.

I will be delving deeply into railroads in a future post.

Great Britain’s effective control of West Florida ended in 1781 when Spain captured Pensacola, and the land was ceded back to Spain by the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which ended the American Revolutionary War.

Was all of this infrastructure already in place at these locations, and the reason for all of the colonial interest and warfare, or were they structures that were built in the years of history we are taught?

All of this land was part of the Ancient Washitaw Empire, and what was already here, and what really took place, is glaringly absent from the historical record.

So there are four more places in Europe on the Algiers Circle Alignment that I would like to share with you before I move on to the last one.

The first is Calais, France, a city and major ferry port in northern France, and situated on the Strait of Dover, the narrowest point in the English Channel across from Dover in England.

The old part of the town is called Calais-Nord, and is located on what is called an artificial island, on which this antique map shows that either a star city or star fort.

The next place is in Perpignan, the continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th- and 14th-centuries.

Majorca is another kingdom that is glaringly absent from the historical record.

This is the Palace of the Kings of Majorca in Perpignan.

Then on Spain’s Mediterranean coast, between Perpignan and Barcelona, we find Sant Joan’s Castle at Lloret de Mar, on a rocky promontory overlooking the Mediterrean Sea.

It is said to date back to the 1100s, from the age of Lady Sicardis and her sons, who were the Lords of Lloret. Apparently she ordered the construction of the castle…

…and the British Navy is said to have bombarded the castle during the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and effectively destroyed the fortified site.

The last thing from the Algiers alignment that I want to point out is this view of Barcelona, Spain from the air. The combination of the city’s lay-out and infrastructure looks to me like both Mayan glyphs and/or some kind of binary code.

At any rate, that is some kind of city planning there. Not one that happened randomly or haphazardly, that’s for sure!

Now on to the final leg of this journey, which is on the circle alignment which beings, and ends, in Washington, DC.

The Washington area had sixty-eight major enclosed forts, so there may have been many star forts in Washington, DC, but we will never know because this is typical of what remains of what was called the Civil War Defenses of Washington, said to have been built between 1861 and 1865.

I would like to bring up the still-standing Fort Reno, where it sits on top of an earthwork. It is located on the highest point in Washington, and said to be the site of the only Civil War battle fought in Washington, during the Battle of Fort Stevens in 1864.

It was said to have been built in the winter of 1861, after the defeat of the Union Army at the Battle of Manassas. Does this look like a temporary structure that was hastily built in the middle of winter?

And it is with Fort Reno that I can provide you with an excellent example of the energy harvesting that occurs around these ancient energy sites, with no one the wiser because no one knows about it.

Do you see in this Google Earth snapshot where the top soil is being removed, and dumped nearby?

This is the rule, and not the exception, around the world, and I believe our modern energy industry is utilizing ancient energy technology.

Onward to Baltimore.

Fort McHenry is the best known star fort in Baltimore. The Star Spangled Banner was said to have been written by Francis Scott Key after he witnessed the bombardment of Fort McHenry during the Battle of Baltimore in 1814, a battle that took place in what is called the War of 1812.

Fort Carroll is in the middle of the Patapsco River, just south of the City of Baltimore, and is described as an artificial island and abandoned hexagonal sea fort.

Wilmington, Delaware was said to have been founded as the Swedish South Company’s Fort Cristina in 1638, the principal settlement of the New Sweden Colony in North America.

Twelve miles south of Wilmington, Fort Delaware is located on Pea Patch Island in the Delaware River. It was said to have been built starting in 1819.

Fort Hancock, and its accompanying Sandy Hook Lighthouse, is located at the northern end of Sandy Hook, a barrier spit in Middletown Township, New Jersey that encloses the southern entrance of the Lower New York Bay.

The construction of the Fort of Sandy Hook was said to have started in 1857 and ended in 1867, without completing the building of the fort under the supervision of then-Captain Robert E. Lee of the Corps of Engineers, and was designed as a five-bastion irregular pentagon built primarily of granite.

Not only was the fort said not to have been completed, it was also said to have had most of its surviving parts taken down by the U. S. Army after World War II.

The batteries of the now designated Fort Hancock were said to have been constructed starting in 1890 as part of the Sandy Hook Proving Ground for the testing of coastal defensive weapons, like Battery Potter.

Battery Potter is described as the prototype for a steam-hydraulic, gun-lift carriages, otherwise known as “disappearing guns.”

Just north of Sandy Hook is the Ambrose Channel, the main shipping channel in and out of the Port of New York and New Jersey…

….and Fort Tilden is on the Rockaway Peninsula in the Lower New York Bay, northeast of Fort Hancock and Sandy Hook. It is hard to tell what is here because of the tree cover, but you can make some points out here in this photo.

Here is another location on the Fort Tilden site…

…and a similar feature beside it further up the embankment.

Fort Wadsworth is next to the Staten Island side of the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge…

…with its four-tiered Battery Weed, is located at what is called The Narrows between the Lower and Upper New York Bays.

Fort Wadsworth was said to have been established before the War of 1812, as well as between 1845- 1861.

On the southern side of the other end of the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge from Fort Wadsworth on Staten Island is Fort Hamilton in Brooklyn.

Fort Hamilton is an active United States Army installation.

Fort Wood is an eleven-pointed star fort in the Upper New York Bay, located underneath the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island, and said to have been built between 1806 and 1811…

…on what looks to be an artificial island.

…and it is even more obvious that Ellis Island located right next to it…

…is an artificial island, with its geometric shapes.

Prior to when the current facilities are said to have been built, Ellis Island was the location of Fort Gibson, one of forty forts said to have been built as part of the the New York Harbor System between 1794 – 1812. This marker commemorates Fort Gibson…

…on what became known as Ellis Island.

Was Fort Gibson a star fort? I think so, but I have a little bit further to go in Upper New York Bay to show you why.

Governors Island is also in the the Upper New York Bay, and situated at the confluence of the East River and the Hudson River.

It is 800 yards, or 732 meters, from the southern tip of Manhattan Island, and separated from Brooklyn by the Buttermilk Channel by approximately 400 yards or 366 meters.

Fort Jay is on Governors Island, named after Supreme Court Chief Justice & Founding Father John Jay, and part of the Governors Island National Monument.

It was said to have been built in 1794 to defend Upper New York Bay, and an active installation until 1997.

Another feature of the Governors Island National Monument is Castle Williams, part of the New York Harbor System defenses. It is called a circular structure of red sandstone, having been built between 1807 and 1811 under the direction of Lt. Colonel Jonathan Williams of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers.

This brings me to Battery Park, at the southern tip of Manhattan, the historical location of another star fort, Fort Amsterdam, said to have been surrendered by the Dutch to the British in 1664.

…and Castle Clinton is in Battery Park, a circular fort said to have been built of red sandstone between 1808 and 1811, and the first immigration center of the United States before Ellis Island, between 1855 and 1890.

Castle Clinton was also known as the “West Battery,” a complement to Castle Williams as the “East Battery” on Governors Island. I almost left these two structures out of this post until I realized they were part of the circuitry.

So I can make a case that there were four pairs of star forts, with each pair situated along various points of the Lower and Upper New York Bays, even though the physical structure of what was called Fort Gibson on Ellis Island is long buried and gone.

Fort Warren is a star fort on Georges Island in Boston Harbor, named after the Revolutionary War hero Dr. James Warren, said to have been designed by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Lt. Colonel Sylvanus Thayer, and built between 1834 and 1860.

During the Civil War, it served as a prison for Confederate officers and government officials. This is the Sally Port at Fort Warren, which was the secure and controlled entryway to the prison.

Here is the 1775 map of the Shawmut Peninsula, upon which Boston was built that I showed at the beginning of this post, where there is a star fort depicted on the bottom left.

It is long gone, having been removed in 1869, hill and all, to add more room for business facilities.

Another star fort is nearby in Boston Harbor.

Fort Independence is located on Castle Island, a peninsula in South Boston.

Castle Island and Fort Independence was the location where Prince Hall, and fourteen other men of African-American descent, became Freemasons in their initiation into the British Army Lodge 441 of the Irish Registry, after having been declined admittance into the Boston St. John’s Lodge.

He was the founder of Prince Hall Freemasonry, and the African Grand Lodge of North America.

Until Prince Hall found a way in, Moorish Americans were denied admittance into Freemasonry. There are 360-degrees in Moorish Masonry, compared to the 33-degrees of Freemasonry.

Masonry is based on Moorish Science, which also includes the study of natural and spiritual laws, esoteric symbolism, natal and judicial astrology, and zodiac masonry.

Crossing into Nova Scotia on the alignment, I just want to point out one of the star forts, as there is at least one other, in Halifax, just to put it on the star fort map.

This is the Halifax Citadel, the fortified summit of Citadel Hill.

The present citadel was said to have been built between 1828 and 1856.

This is Castillo de San Anton, said to have been built as a defensive structure between the 15th- and 16th-centuries.

It is in A Coruna, or La Coruna, Spain, on the Atlantic Coast.

This star fort was built on a small island in the Bay of La Coruna.

The Castle of Santa Barbara is a major attraction in Alicante, Spain, on the Mediterranean coast. Its origin is said to date back to the 9th-century, at the time of Muslim control of the Iberian Peninsula from 711 to 1296, the year when the castle was said to be captured by the forces of King James II of Aragon.

This is a detail of the Castle of Santa Barbara on the left, compared with a detail of Fort Chambly near Montreal on the top right, and the Yenikale Fortress at the city of Kerch on the Crimean Peninsula on the bottom right.

Following the alignment from the Spanish coast from the Alicante area across the Mediterranean Sea towards Algeria, we come to Tabarca Island.

It is the smallest permanently inhabited islet in Spain.

We come back through Algiers, and pass through Niger and Nigeria. I have discussed my findings there in earlier posts, and will just say that much of the glorious civilization of western North Africa is kept from our awareness.

Like in Djanet, Algeria…

…Djado, Niger…

…Bilma, Niger…

…and Abeokuta, Nigeria.

I did find a star fort located on the Sao Tome & Principe, a former Portuguese Colony in the what is now-called Bight of Bonny in the Gulf of Guinea. It used to be called the Bight of Biafra, before Biafra was absorbed into Nigeria in 1970, after the end of the 3-year Nigerian Civil War.

The capital and largest city is Sao Tome, where Sao Sebastiao Fort is located.

It was said to have been built by the Portuguese in 1566.

The alignment crosses over Fernando de Noronha, the name of the main island and its archipelago. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and on at least one other alignment that I know of. The main island has an area of 7.1 square miles, or 18.4 kilometers-squared, and the archipelago’s total area is 10 square miles, or 26 kilometers-squared.

So this is the small island I was talking about in conjunction with Bermuda for it’s small size, there were at least ten star fort-like structures here at one point in time. Some are still standing, and others are in ruins or no longer there. Here are existing diagrams depicting eight of them.

From Fernando de Noronha, the alignment enters Brazil at the city of Natal.

The Portuguese are said to have built the Forte Dos Reis Magos, or the Fort of the Three Wise Men, as the first milestone of the city of Natal.

When I tracked the Washington circle alignment through Trujillo, Peru, I encountered an historic map from 1786 that showed Trujillo was at one time a star city.

There is one intact point of the original fifteen remaining…

…that I found when I looked at a close up of the oval in the city’s center.

Here is a street view of the wall of the intact point. Note the size of it compared to the people next to it!

Now to come down the home stretch and wrap this up, I will take you back up this alignment to Ship Island, a barrier island off the Gulf Coast of Mississippi near Gulfport and Biloxi, and part of the Gulf Islands National Seashore. It was split into West Ship Island and East Ship Island by Hurricane Camille in 1969.

Fort Massachusetts is on West Ship Island, said to have been built following the War of 1812. Interesting to note that it incorporates both bricks and earthworks.

Fort Maurepas, also called Old Biloxi, and was located at present-day Ocean Springs, approximately 2-miles, or 3.2-kilometers, east of Biloxi. It was said to have been developed by the French in 1699, and we are told it burned down around 1722.

This is Fort Maurepas City Park and Nature Preserve today, which has a pavilion, large green space, playground equipment, and a splash pad.

Here is the the Fort of Colonial Mobile, also known as Fort Conde, was said to have been built by the French in 1723. Here is a map depicting it in 1725.

This is what Fort Conde looks like today.

The Old Mobile site was the location of the French settlement La Mobile and the associated Fort Louis de la Louisiane, said to have been built in 1702…

…at a place called Twenty-Seven Mile Bluff on the Mobile River.

Fort Morgan is on Mobile Point at the entrance of Mobile Bay, and said to have been built between 1819 and 1834.

Fort Toulouse is an historic park near Wetumpka, Alabama, and is considered part of the Montgomery Metropolitan area. This is said to be a replica of the original fort.

West of Montgomery, at Epes in Sumter County, Alabama, was Fort Tombecbe on the Tombigbee River, said to have been built by the French between 1736 and 1737 as a trading post.

The original structure is pretty much not there anymore.

So this brings me to end of what I found on all these alignments I wanted to share with you in this video.

What is it exactly that I have shown you, and what are we really seeing here?

To find the answer to these questions, I believe it is first necessary to define the word “battery.”

One definition is a device that produces electricity that may have several primary or secondary cells arranged in parallel or series, as well as a battery source of energy which provides a push, or a voltage, of energy to get the current flowing in a circuit. 

The second meaning of the word battery is the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target.

And the third definition is an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact.

The answer to the mystery of star forts lies in what I believe is the first answer – that these star forts, and other infrastructure I have shared with you that don’t feature the classic look of a star fort, functioned as circuitry and batteries for the purpose of producing electricity and/or some form of free energy to power the planetary grid system and the advanced civilization.

And that this is the reason there are so many star forts that are paired together, or even the reason clusters of them are found in the same location.

As we saw, many features on them, or near them, are actually called batteries, even though they were re-purposed in many cases, but not in all, to the second definition applied to them in the new time-line in order for them to appear to have a strictly military function.

Does the third definition apply here?

I think so, in the sense that a major assault has been committed against the Human Race by all that has taken place here without our knowledge and consent, and removing all of this critical information from our awareness about the Moorish Legacy and True History of Humanity, and so, so much more.

In my next post, I am going to be taking a a bit of a breather, and doing a relatively short piece looking what is found in the area surrounding the Soo Locks, between Sault Saint Marie, Michigan, and Sault Saint Marie, Ontario.

Canals were one of my first “A-ha’s” when I started to become aware that an advanced, ancient maritime civilization flourished around the world until what I believe was relatively recently.

When I first started to intuitively receive and understand information about the Ancient Civilization, I looked up Great Falls of the Potomac between Maryland and Virginia, near where I grew up.  This is an aerial image of Mather Gorge at Great Falls The spin is how this could be natural, but look at how straight it is!

And here is how it looks closer to earth.

When I realized that part of the ancient civilization involved canal-building, then it became logical to see this as a canal rather than natural.

This is a picture of the C & O Canal at Harper’s Ferry.  We are taught that this was built in the early 1800s.  So, what is wrong with that date of construction?  This is a sophisticated engineering project!

As a matter of fact, the C & O Canal parallels the Potomac River for a considerable distance.  What technology existed in America in the late 1700s and early 1800s could have built a sophisticated project like this? 

I am going to take you on a tour of the canal systems I have discovered in my research on planetary alignments based on the North American Star Tetrahedron that I found by connecting major cities of North America, off of which cities around the world line up in circles, lines, and other geometric configurations.

While not always the case, canals quite frequently are called rivers and creeks, with no hint given that they are anything other than natural, even though I consistently find what are called canals in the same location.

What I am about to share is a sample of examples I have found around the world. There are far too many to include all of them.

Starting in South America, this canal is in Suba, the northwest part of Bogota, Colombia…

…and this one is in the Parque el Virrey in North Bogota.

Next, the Panama Canal. This is the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, where Panama City is located.

The Panama Canal is an artificial 82-mile, or 51-kilometer, waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean via the Isthmus of Panama.

The project of building a canal across the Isthmus of Panama is said to have been started by the French in 1881.

They are said to have been unsuccessful in completing it due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate.

Then the Americans are said to have taken on the project starting in 1904.

The Panama Canal opened on August 15th, 1914…

…just in time for the beginning of World War I, which started on July 28th, 1914.

Was the Panama Canal a brand new canal, or an existing canal that was excavated from mud?

We have to look no further than what we are told about the Spanish Conquest of Peru to raise a serious challenge to the official historical narrative.

Our history says that Pedro Arias D’Avila established a base of conquest in Panama City for Peru in 1519, on the Pacific side of the Isthmus of Panama.

The coast of Spain is on the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

The Conquest of Peru is said to have started in 1532 with the Battle of Cajamarca, a city in Northern Peru.

It is quite a distance from Panama City, by land or sea. It sits at 8,900 feet in elevation, or 2,750 meters. That’s way up there!

Apparently, Pizarro and his 128 men marched to Cajamarca from Piure, on the coast of modern-day Peru.

There must have been some kind of viable waterway in Panama already for the conquistadors to even get to this part of the world!

In the country of Belize, its capital, Belize City, has what is called Haulover Creek running through its center…

…which looks like a canal, and not natural.

Belize City is apparently a city of canals.

On to the United States, and Port Isabel, which is located on the Texas Gulf Coast near Brownsville, Texas and Matamoros, Mexico.

The Brownsville Ship Channel starts at Port Isabel, and is 17-miles, or 27-kilometers, long.

There is another channel at Port Mansfield, just north of Port Isabel.

I find the two jetties at the entrance of the channel leading to Port Mansfield to be of interest, because their appearance…

…is reminiscent of these at Venice, Florida…

…and the South Inlet of the Grand Lucayan Waterway at Lucaya, near Freetown, on Grand Bahama Island.

This is a view from Google Earth showing artificially-made channels and canals throughout the city of Port Isabel in Texas.

Still going to use Venice in Florida pictured here on the other side of the Gulf of Mexico for a comparison because these two communities have strikingly similar characteristics, like the residential neighborhoods on artificial islands surrounded by water…

…and a long channel in Venice, Florida, similar to the Brownsville Ship Channel that starts at Port Isabel.

Not only that, Port Isabel, Texas, and Venice, Florida, are practically directly across the Gulf of Mexico from each other. If they are not exactly, it is close.

In Louisiana, here is what looks like a canal in downtown Houma…

…as well as another one between Houma’s Twin Bridges.

This is an aerial view of the Mississippi Delta, which is on the southeastern coast of Louisiana, showing many geometric and straight channels…

…and the same type of straight, geometric channel is also found in the Nile Delta.

Canal Street is a major thorough-fare in New Orleans, forming the upriver boundary between the city’s oldest neighborhood, the French Quarter, and the Central Business District.

It is interesting to note that while Canal Street was said to be named for a canal that was never built, there are plenty of still-existing canals in New Orleans, as seen in this Google Earth screenshot. No telling how many have been filled-in!

And just northeast of New Orleans, in Slidell, Louisiana, we find Eden Isles, which look like what we saw in Port Isabel in Texas, and Venice in Florida.

In Washington, DC, you find the C & O Canal paralleling the Potomac River.

Here is an interesting convergence at Hains Point and East Potomac Park, where you have the very straight Washington Channel converging with the Georgetown Channel in the Center, the Anacostia River to the left, and the Potomac River to the right.

Compare the precise and angular look of Hains Point with what we see where the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers meet near St. Louis, Missouri…

…with the place where the White Nile and Blue Nile meet at Khartoum, the capital of Sudan…

…and where the Des Moines River and Raccoon River meet in Des Moines, Iowa.

Next, Wilmington, Delaware is built-out around what we are told is the confluence of the Christina River…

…and Brandywine Creek.

This is the Delaware River on the Philadelphia waterfront, with its nice masonry banks…

…and this view from the Schuylkill River of the Philadelphia Museum of Art looks more like something you would expect to see in Ancient Italy and Ancient Greece than something that would have been built in North America in the last 200 years or so.

A portion of the Delaware Canal State Park is in Morrisville, Pennsylvania.

The canal that runs through Morrisville was said to have been built in the 1830s between Easton to the North and Bristol to the South…

…and a crushed-stone towpath, upon which mules pulled cargo-laden boats.

So, somehow the technology existed in the 1830s to build a sophisticated canal system, and they had the ability to crush stone into tiny, tiny pieces, but that the boats themselves had to be pulled by mules?

Liberty State Park opened in the Bicentennial Year of 1976, and is located at the mouth of the Hudson River on the New Jersey-side in Jersey City.

The northeastern side of Liberty State Park is bordered by both the Little Basin…

…and the Big Basin of the Morris Canal.

The Morris Canal, 107-miles, or 172-kilometers, long, was said to have been completed in 1832 to carry coal across northern New Jersey between the Delaware River and the Hudson River. It was closed in 1924.

It was hailed as an ingenious, technological marvel for its use of water-driven, inclined planes.

The builders of the Morris Canal used a sophisticated power house technology, pictured here, to power the water turbine that was set in motion to raise or lower cradled boats on the inclined planes by means of a cable.

You mean to tell me all of this extremely sophisticated and advanced canal-engineering technology was being implemented prior to the beginning of the Industrial Age, according to the history we are taught?

And again, mules were still needed to be used to pull the canal boats in places on the Morris Canal in spite of all that technology?

The Delaware and Raritan Canal connects the Delaware River at Bordentown, New Jersey, and the Raritan River at New Brunswick, New Jersey. This a distance of 44-miles, or 71-kilometers.

This canal system was said to have been dug by hand tools wielded by mostly Irish immigrants.

It goes through Trenton, New Jersey…

…on its way to the New Brunswick Terminus. We are told the canal was built between 1830 and 1834. Again, the sophistication of the engineering of these canals does not match the low technology of the times in which they are said to have been built.

Here is one of the locks on the Delaware and Raritan Canal.

Raritan Bay is the northern outlet of the canal, in the southern portion of the Lower New York Bay…

…and is part of the New York Bight, an indentation along the Atlantic Coast, extending northeasterly from Cape May, New Jersey, to Montauk Point on the eastern tip of Long Island.

We are told the bight results from the fact that the Atlantic coast of New Jersey, which runs roughly north-south, and the southern coast of Long Island, which runs roughly east-west, with the point approximately at the mouth of the Hudson River, where the red arrow is pointing.

I am including this because I believe it to be noteworthy, like sunken ancient infrastructure, and what is being called the Hudson Valley Shelf in this depiction could actually be a canal.

This is the mouth of the Hudson River in the Upper New York Bay, also called the New York Harbor.

Upper New York Bay provides passage for the Hudson River via the Anchorage Channel, which is fifty-feet deep, or 15 meters, through the mid-point of the harbor. It is one of the most heavily-used water transportation arteries in the world.

It would stand to reason because of its location and connection to the mouth of the Hudson River that the Anchorage Channel is part of the Hudson Valley Shelf of the New York Bight.

The Gowanus Canal in Brooklyn is connected to the Gowanus Bay of Upper New York Bay. Brooklyn occupies the westernmost part of Long Island. At one time a vital transportation hub, it is now a superfund site due to extensive pollution, with clean-up efforts starting in 2013.

Hartford, the capital of Connecticut, sits on the Connecticut River, with its masonry banks…

…and what is called the longest River in New England at 406 miles (or 653 Kilometers), going from the United States Border with Quebec to Long Island Sound.

This is an aeriel view of the Connecticut River, the border between Vermont on the left, and New Hampshire on the right. Quite a geometric-looking zig-zag going on here with this so-called river!

Providence is the capital and largest city of Rhode Island. It is situated in the mouth of the canal-like Providence River…

Waterplace Park is an urban park in downtown Providence, situated on the Woonasquatucket River.

Interesting to note is the presence of megalithic masonry at Waterplace Park, which was said to have been finished in 1994.

The meaning of megalith is a large stone used in construction, typically associated with Peru and Egypt, but actually found everywhere around the world. Here is another megalithic construction at Waterplace Park.

In Boston, there is a neighborhood called Fort Point.

This is an historic photo of the Fort Point neighborhood circa 1930…

…and here is a picture of Fort Point today, with the heavy masonry banks of the Fort Point Channel clearly visible in the foreground.

The Rideau Canal is in Canada’s capital city of Ottawa, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and connects Ottawa with Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence Seaway.  It was said to have been built in 1832.

The St. Lawrence Seaway is a system of locks, canals and channels in Canada and the United States that permits ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes of North America.

These are the Soo Locks, located on the St. Mary’s River between Lake Superior and Lake Huron, and are operated and maintained by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. They were said to have been built in 1855.

Judging from all of the activity going on here, this must be a very special place, and I am going to have to come back to the Soo Locks as its own research project for a future post.

In Europe, again there are many more examples than what I am going to share, but here are several.

I found masonry associated with water features occurring throughout Scotland, like the so-called natural River Clyde going through Glasgow shown here…

…just like what is called Forth and Clyde Canal, between the Firth of Forth and the River Clyde…

…construction of which is said to have been started in 1768, and opened in 1790. It runs between the Firth of Forth on Scotland’s central-east coast, through Glasgow to the River Clyde.

The River Aire in Leeds, England has masonry banks.

And just like Glasgow, there is a canal here as well – the Leeds and Liverpool Canal that links the two cities, construction of which was said to have started around 1770

Calais is a city and major ferry port in northern France, situated on the Strait of Dover, the narrowest point in the English Channel across from Dover in England.

The old part of the town is called Calais-Nord, and is surrounded by canals, like the Bergues Canal pictured here.

This is the canal-looking River Tet, the longest river in the Pyrenees-Orientales at 72 miles (or 116 kilometers) going through Perpignan in southern France before it ends in the Mediterranean Sea…

…and its tributary, the equally canal-looking River Basse, also in Perpignan.

Now I will switch focus to St. Petersburg, Russia, called the “Venice of the North.”

It is tucked away at the eastern end of the Gulf of Finland.

Vasilyevsky Island is an island in St. Petersburg, Russia, and is bordered by the Great Neva River, starting on one side of what is called the Spit of Vasilyevsky Island in the historic city center of St. Petersburg, and the Little Neva River, starting on the other side of the Spit…

…before the Great and Little Neva Rivers join to form the Neva River.

Other rivers and canals of St. Petersburg are:

The Fontanka River…

…the Moyka River…

…the Griboedov Canal…

…the Winter Canal…

…the Swan Canal…

…and the Kryukov Canal.

In the same part of the world as St. Petersburg, the Saimaa Canal connects Vyborg in Russia on the Gulf of Finland, with Lake Saimaa in Finland. It was said to have been built between 1845 and 1856, and opened in 1856.

Kotka is west of the Saimaa Canal in Finland. It is a major port city, with its artifically shaped harbors…

…and is situated on the Kymi River.

This ancient canal is in Kotka as well.

Helsinki, the capital of Finland, is west of Kotka, and is located on the Vantaa River, where it flows into the Gulf of Finland through the Vantaanjoki River Basin.

The Vantaa River flowing through Helsinki has such sights…

…as right-angled waterfalls.

Moving on from the Gulf of Finland to Central Asia, there is a canal system in Quorgonteppa, now officially called Bokhtar, in Tajikistan, a mountainous land-locked country…

…and the Kanali Varnob is in Dushanbe, Tajikistan’s capital.

The Great Fergana Canal is located in the Fergana Valley between Tajikistan and Uzbekhistan.

It was said to have been built in 1939, taking only 45-days to complete with conscripted unskilled labor and a high number of fatalities.

And one of the top attractions of Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekhistan, is the Ankhor Canal.

In the Middle East, this is Dubai’s Old Town, the Bur Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates, with a sophisticated canal system as well.

I am going to end this post on Australia’s Gold Coast on the eastern coast of Australia near Brisbane.

It is a popular vacation resort, and has approximately 400 km, or 249 miles, of canals.

Here is another Florida canal system for comparison to the Gold Coast canals, this time Las Olas Isles in Fort Lauderdale on the Atlantic Ocean.

I am just scratching the surface of this vast topic with what I have presented here.

Certainly before the Internet Age, it would have not been possible to make these direct comparisons between different places around the world.

We had to go with what we were told. Back then, who could have imagined we weren’t being told the truth?!

In the next post I am going to be taking a look at the star forts I have found by tracking planetary alignments, and some others I have found along the way as well.