Tag: Ancient Civilization

In the course of my research, I have had occasion to look into three State Capitol complexes – that of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; Des Moines, Iowa; and Sacramento, California.

As we shall see, the locations chosen for modern seats of government would have been very special locations in the original advanced civilization of the Old World.

Before I begin, “Capitol,” spelled with an “o” is the building in which a legislature operates., and “Capital,” spelled with an “a” is the seat of government, of states, provinces, or countries.

First, Harrisburg, the State Capital of Pennsylvania.

Harrisburg is situated on the east bank of the Susquehanna River, only 107-miles, or 172-kilometers, west of Philadelphia.

CZ had sent me screenshots of the Capitol District in Harrisburg aawhile back that was the basis for the research I did there.

What we are told is the land that became Harrisburg had been purchased by an English trader named John Harris Sr. in 1719; John Harris Jr. made plans to lay-out a town on his father’s land; and the land was surveyed by William Maclay, John Harris Sr’s son-in-law.

The city of Harrisburg became incorporated in 1791; and named the Pennsylvania State Capital in October of 1812.

The current State Capitol Building was said to have been designed by architect Joel Miller Huston, and built between 1902 and 1906 in the Beaux-Arts style of architecture.

The interior of the Pennsylvania State Capitol is described as having decorative Renaissance themes throughout the building.

It is part of what is called the Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex.

On the East side of the Capitol building is what is referred to as the East Wing, described as a 1987 extension of the Capitol building.

Flanking the East Wing are the North and South Office buildings,

The North Office building was said to have been built in Indiana limestone starting in 1927…

…and the South Office building in Indiana limestone starting in 1919.

We are told the oldest building of the complex is the Ryan Office building, with a construction completion date of 1894.

East of the North and South Office buildings, across Commonwealth Avenue, there are a pair of buildings situated across from each other at either end of the “Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Memorial Grove.”

I will be touching more on the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Memorial Bridge that you can see the pylons of in the background momentarily.

The Forum building is on the south-side of the Memorial Grove, was said to have been built out of grey limestone, and featuring 22 bronze doors, between 1929 and 1931 in the style of an open-air Greek amphitheater, complete with a star map of the night sky depicting the zodiac and other constellations with over 1,000 stars on the ceiling…

…and on the north-side of the Memorial Grove is the Pennsylvania Treasury Building, said to have been a project of the New Deal Era Public Works Administration during the Great Depression built between 1937 and 1940.

The eastern-most portion of the Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex is the “Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Memorial Bridge,”or the “State Street Bridge,” which connects the complex to neighborhoods across the railroad tracks that run east of North 7th Street.

It is a 1,312-foot, or 400-meter, deck-arch bridge said to have been constructed between 1925 and 1930.

The State Museum of Pennyslvania is directly adjacent to the Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex…

…run by the state through the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission to “preserve and interpret the region’s history and culture,” and includes a multi-media planetarium, and four-floors of exhibits covering Pennsylvania history from prehistoric times through today.

CZ also sent me screenshots of the Scottish Rite Cathedral and Masonic Temple of Harrisburg…

…with a tall obelisk on its grounds.

The 1,192-seat Theater and Ballroom at the Scottish Rite Cathedral is a popular community event venue.

And this seems to be the extent of what I am able to find out about it!

Next, I am going to take a look at the State Capitol Complext at Des Moines, the capital city of Iowa.

The Iowa State Capitol Building was said to have been built between 1871 and 1886, and the only 5-domed capitol building in the United States.

The Iowa Statue of Liberty is located on the capitol grounds.

It is described as a replica of the Statue of Liberty that was a gift in 1950 from the Boy Scouts of America as part of their efforts to “strengthen the arm of liberty.”

Interesting thing is, there are hundreds of replicas of the Statue of Liberty, said to be a figure of Libertas, a Roman goddess and the personification of liberty, all over the Earth.

Are they replicas…or do they represent something else entirely?

The Bicentennial Fountain is on the west-side of the State Capitol Complex.

What we are told about the Bicentennial Fountain is that it was originally a replica of a fountain that was displayed at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, and that after years of vandalism and disrepair, it was replaced by a new fountain in 1982.

So there’s another “replica of” to explain something’s existence.

Also in the Iowa State Capitol Complex, to the rear of the State Capitol Building, we find the Soldiers and Sailors Monument, an obelisk-looking monument, in direct alignment with the dome of the Capitol building, which we are told was erected to commemorate Iowans who fought during the Civil War.

The last place I want to look at in the Iowa State Capitol are the bridges over the Des Moines River on the west-side of the complex.

The East Locust Street Bridge is situated between the East Walnut Street Bridge and the Grand Avenue Bridge, and East Locust Street is in direct alignment with the Iowa State Capitol Building.

The other two bridges and streets go on either side of the complex.

Lastly, the California State Capitol complex in Sacramento.

The Tower Bridge crosses the Sacramento River, and leads right in to the Capitol Mall in front of the California State Capitol Building, in the same manner as the precisely laid-out bridges and streets connect to the State Capitol complexes in Harrisburg and Des Moines.

The California State Capital building was said to have been designed in the Neoclassical-style by Reuben S. Clark, and constructed between 1861 and 1874, which would have been completed three-years after the start date of the Iowa State Capitol building’s construction in 1871 according to the historical narrative we have been given.

The Tower Bridge is also a vertical-lift bridge, and connects Sacramento and West Sacramento across the Sacramento River.

We are told the construction of the Tower Bridge as a replacement bridge for the 1911 M Street bridge was said to have started in 1934 and first opened in 1935.

This would have been around the time of the Great Depression and the beginning of World War II.

The original 1911 bridge was described as a “swing-through truss railroad bridge” that was determined to be inadequate as the result of Sacramento’s population growth doubling between 1910 and 1935, and the city’s concern for needing a better crossing over the Sacramento River in case of war.

Alfred Eichler was credited as the architect of the Tower Bridge, and its architectural-style described as a rare use of “Streamline Moderne,” a style of “Art Deco” that emerged in the 1930s.

The two towers of the bridge alone are 160-feet, or 49-meters, -high.

It is located in “Old Sacramento,” the riverfront historic district, with Gold Rush-era buildings attributed to Victorian-era gold miners.

You can go on an “Underground Sacramento” Tour any day of the week, where you will learn how Sacramento lifted itself up out of floodwaters in the 1860s and 1870s by the “jacking” up of buildings to avoid further flooding.

The Tower Bridge is part of State Route 275 which connects West Capitol Avenue and the Tower Bridge Gateway with the Capitol Mall in Sacramento.

The Capitol Mall in Sacramento is described as a major street and landscaped parkway.

The former Drexel University Sacramento Center for Graduate Studies was in a building situated right next to the Tower Bridge at the address of 1 Capital Mall.

It opened in 2009, and started closing in 2015 to allow currently enrolled students to complete their studies.

It was then permanently closed.

There is a California State Government building called “The Ziggurat” in West Sacramento right next to the Tower Bridge.

The Ziggurat was said to have been designed to resemble ancient Mesopotamian ziggurats and built by The Money Store in 1997.

Since 2001, it has been leased to the state as the headquarters of the California Department of General Services.

The Ziggurat is illuminated at night on special occasions.

The Stanford Mansion is in the neighborhood of the Capital Mall, a couple of blocks south of the State Capitol Building and serves as the official reception center for the California government.

It was said to have been built in 1856 as a residence for Leland Stanford, a Railroad Baron who was a former California governor, and founder of Stanford University in 1885.

It was donated to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sacramento in 1900, who operated a children’s home there until 1978.

The Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sacramento, and is one of the largest cathedrals west of the Mississippi River.

It was said to have been built between 1887 and 1889 in the Italian Renaissance architectural-style on the outside, and the Victorian architectural-style on the inside.

The cathedral’s designer was said to be Patrick Manogue, a former gold-miner who came to Sacramento through the California Gold Rush, who became a Catholic priest in 1861 after studying in Paris, and then the Bishop of Sacramento in 1886.

He was said to have based the design of his cathedral on a church he was inspired by in Paris, and that it was built on land donated by the State’s first elected governor, Peter Burnett.

The Capitol Park in Sacramento covers 40-acres, or 16-hectares, and I will cover a few examples of what is found on the grounds.

The California State World Peace Rose Garden occupies roughly 5-acres, or 2-hectares of the area it covers, featuring 650 roses with different colors and fragrances.

The Civil War Memorial Grove on the Capitol State Park Grounds was said to have been planted in 1897 with saplings from famous Civil War battlefields, like Manassas, Virginia; Harper’s Ferry, West Virginia; and Vicksburg, Mississippi.

You know, it’s interesting, that we don’t even notice the straight-edges of megalithic stone blocks all around us that get used, like in this case, as a place to put signage.

Instead, a label like “boulder” is put on huge cut-and-shaped stones like this and which covers it up nicely as not being something out-of-the-ordinary that we should be paying attention to.

And the California Veterans’ Memorial on the Capitol State Park grounds is an 30-foot, or 9-meter tall, black-granite obelisk that was dedicated in 1998 to California’s veterans who had served in the Armed Forces since statehood in 1850.

These are just a few of the memorials and monuments to be found on the grounds of the park.

This is just a sample of countless examples of the shared characteristics of Capitol building complexes, and a few other locations nearby as well.

A sample is all that is needed to illustrate that they are all have similar characteristics of mind-blowing examples of monumental architecture and precise civil-engineering feats that do not match what we are supposed to have been capable of in our historical narrative, which would have been very low technology in the 19th-century and early 20th-century according to what we have been taught to believe.

The stories we are told don’t match the grandeur of the architecture and the incredible feats of engineering that we see in these places, and I would surmise the same is true of capitals the world over.

Things to consider in regards to how this ancient, advanced worldwide Moorish civilization has been hidden right in front in front of our eyes by those who have sought to keep our True History from our Awareness.

I have been working my way through who is represented in the National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol Building in Washington, DC.

There are two statues representing each state, and I am currently about half-way through the 50-states.

As a way to highlight what I am finding out in the process of doing this research, I am bringing forward unlikely pairs of historical figures represented in the Statuary Hall who have things in common with each other in this separate series called “Snapshots from the National Statuary Hall,” and in this post I am pairing two ladies, Frances Willard and Maria Sanford.

The only reason my attention was drawn here in the first place was because I encountered two historical figures in other research who are represented in the National Statuary Hall – Father Eusebio Kino, a Jesuit Missionary and Cattle rancher, for Arizona, and Mother Joseph Pariseau, a Catholic sister and self-taught architect, for Washington State.

Seeing these two little-known, and on the unusual-side, historical figures represented there got me to wondering who else was chosen by their State to be represented there and what else could possibly be going on here.

Not only am I finding much in common between the pairs featured in each of the nine- installments of the “Snaptshots of the Statuary Hall” series, I am finding, regardless of fame or obscurity, that the National Statuary Hall functions more-or-less as a “Who’s Who” for the New World Order and its Agenda.

I have paired people like Michigan’s Gerald Ford, a former President of the United States, and Mississippi’s Jefferson Davis, the former President of the Confederate States of America, and both men featured on the cover of the “Knight Templar” Magazine; Dr. Norman Borlaug, Ph.D, often called the “Father of the Green Revolution; and Colorado’s Dr. Florence R. Sabin, M.D, a pioneer for women in science, both of whom worked for the Rockefeller Foundations; and Louisiana’s controversial Socialist Governor, Huey P. Long, and Alabama’s Helen Keller, a deaf-blind woman who gained prominence as an author, lecturer, Socialist activist.

As I mentioned, I am pairing two ladies in this post.

Frances Willard represents the State of llinois, and Maria Sanford represents Minnesota.

First, Frances Willard.

Frances Willard was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women’s suffragist.

Frances was born in 1839 in Churchville, New York, near Rochester, to Josiah Flint Willard, a farmer, naturalist, legislator & businessman, and Mary Willard.

The family moved to Oberlin, Ohio, in 1841, where her parents took classes at Oberlin College.

Oberlin College was established in 1833, and is the oldest coeducational liberal arts college in the United States, and the second-oldest in the world.

Then in 1846, the family moved to Janesville, Wisconsin, for the given reason of her father Josiah’s health.

There, Frances and her sister Mary were said to have attended the Milwaukee Normal School, where their mother’s sister taught.

The Willard Family moved to Evanston, Illinois, in 1858, where Josiah Willard became a banker.

Frances and her sister Mary attended the North Western Female College there.

Their brother Oliver attended seminary at the Garrett Biblical Institute in Evanston.

After Frances Willard graduated from the North Western Female College, she worked at the Pittsburgh Female College…

…and also at the Genessee Wesleyan Seminary in New York, which later became Syracuse University.

Then in 1871, she was appointed as President of the newly-founded Evanston College for Ladies.

In 1873, she was named as the first Dean of Women when the same school became the Woman’s College of Northwestern University.

This position didn’t last long for her over confrontations in 1874 with the University’ President, Charles Henry Fowler, who had been her fiance.

After this happened, she focused her career energies into the Women’s Temperance Movement, and she was involved in the founding of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), also in 1874, and was elected the first Corresponding Secretary.

The WCTU was among the first organizations of women devoted to social reform, playing an influential role in the Temperance Movement, supporting the 18th Amendment to the Constitution that established Prohibition, and influential in other social reform issues of the Progressive Era.

She was elected President of the National WCTU in 1879, and held this post until her death in 1898.

Frances Willard was also editor of the organization’s weekly newspaper, “The Union Signal” from 1892 to 1898.

Willard argued for the right for women to vote, based on “Home Protection,” as President of the WCTU, as a part of which she argued that having the right to vote gave women a means of protection in and outside of the home against violent acts caused by intoxicated men.

Frances Willard founded the World WCTU in 1888 and became its first President in 1893.

After 1893, Willard became a committed Christian Socialist, having been influenced by the Fabian Society in Great Britain.

The Fabian Society was a British Socialist organization whose purpose was to advance the principles of Democratic Socialism rather than by revolutionary overthrow.

Christian Socialism was established as a religious and social philosophy that blended Christianity and socialism, advocating for left-wing politics and socialist economics from a Biblical perspective.

Frances Willard died in her sleep from influenza on February 17th of 1898 where she was staying at the Empire Hotel in New York City just prior to leaving for a European tour…

…and was buried in the Rose Hill Cemetery in Chicago, Illinois.

She bequeathed her home in Evanston to the WCTU, and it became her museum and the headquarters for the organization in 1900.

There are a couple things that stand out for me in Frances Willard’s life story.

One is her affiliation with something called “Christian Socialism,” which apparently was based on an organization that was modelled after a British Socialist organization whose stated purpose was to advance the principles of Democratic Socialism rather than by revolutionary overthrow.

So, it sounds like they were finding another way to advance the cause of socialism and communism around the world through the establishment of democratically-run socialist governments, versus by means of the violent overthrow of an existing government.

In other words, they decided to achieve the same outcome of overthrowing the existing government and economic system by vastly different means from straight-out revolutionary overthrow.

Another thing that I would like to point out is that I find the whole Temperance Movement to be extremely interesting from a social stand-point of those times

On the one hand, the Temperance Movement was called a social movement against the consumption of alcohol, and typically criticized alcohol consumption and emphasized alcohol’s negative effects on people’s health, personalities, and lives, and demanded the complete prohibition of it.

Notice how similar the Temperance Movement cartoon entitled “The Drunkard’s Progress” is on the left to the illustration of “The Steps of Masonry” on the right.

On the other hand, the alcoholic beverage industry was becoming well- established during this time period between 1830 and 1900, creating the juxtaposition of a culture that encouraged the profuse consumption of alcohol, and at the same time there was a counterforce within that same culture that not only criticized alcohol consumption, but that got involved in “charitable institutions” with stated missions of guiding the poor out of the impoverishment and crime coming from the problem of drinking too much alcohol.

There has been an abundant supply of beer and hard liquor, starting at least as early as the late 18th-century, with people like John Molson in Montreal, whose business quickly grew into one of the larger ones in Lower Canada between 1788 and 1800, having sold 30,000 gallons, or 113,500-liters, of beer by 1791.

John Molson was also appointed the Provincial Grand Master of the District Freemasonic Lodge of Montreal by the Duke of Sussex in 1826, a position he held for five years before resigning in 1831.

Here is one of countless examples of the ubiquitous brewing business in Jamaica Plain in Boston alone.

Jamaica Plain was the home to most of Boston’s thirty-one breweries prior to the outlawing of alcoholic beverages during the Prohibition Era starting in 1920.

The reasons given for the high number of breweries were: 1) the quality of the water from the local aquifer; 2) the cheap cost of land in the area after merging with Boston in 1868; and 3) the influx of German and Irish immigrants here with a taste for lager and ale.

Yet, invariably the drinking problems have always been squarely placed on individuals and their addictions, instead of the never-ending supply produced by the alcoholic beverage industry.

Heck, even “Alcoholics Anonymous” has a step reference, like “The Drunkard’s Progress” and “The Steps of Masonry,” with its “Twelve-Step Program.”

Next, I am going to take a look at Maria Sanford.

She represents Minnesota in the National Statuary Hall.

Maria Sanford was an American educator, and one of the first female professors in the United States.

Maria Sanford was born in Saybrook, Connecticut, in December of 1836.

Old Saybrook is located where the Connecticut River meets Long Island Sound.

She received her education from the New Britain Normal School, the first training school for teachers in Connecticut, and the sixth in the United States.

Today it is Central Connecticut State University.

After graduating from the New Britain Normal School with honors in 1855, she taught in various schools around Connecticut for the next twelve years.

She moved to Pennsylvania in 1867, and became a principal and superintendent of schools in Chester County.

Known as an innovator, she conducted regular meetings of teachers and demonstrated new teaching methods.

She became a Professor of History and English at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania from 1871 to 1880.

Swarthmore College was founded by Quakers in 1864, which would have been one year before the end of the American Civil War, and the first classes offered in 1869.

Sanford was invited to become a Professor at the University of Minnesota by its President, Dr. William Watts Folwell, and she joined the faculty there in 1880 as a Professor of Rhetoric and Elocution, where she also lectured in literature and art history, a position she held until her retirement in 1909.

She was a leading voice outside of academia.

Among other things, she was an advocate for the conservation and beautification of Minnesota for the cause of the Chippewa National Forest from within the Minnesota Federation of Women’s Clubs, along with fellow clubwoman and forest conservationist Florence Bramhall…

Sanford reached out to her community and to the nation with the power of her speeches, travelling throughout the United States delivering more than 1,000 patriotic speeches.

In 1917, she delivered a speech, along with the Mayor of Minneapolis at the time Thomas Van Lear, on good government and women’s suffrage.

She delivered her most famous speech to the Daughters of the American Revolution Convention in April of 1920, entitled “An Apostrophe to the Flag.”

But not only did she give speeches, she took on a highly active role in the public sector, including, but not limited to, becoming the head director of Northwestern Hospital and serving as president of the Minneapolis Improvement League.

The University of Minnesota was said to have constructed Sanford Hall as a women’s dormitory in 1910 in honor of Maria Sanford.

Maria Sanford died on April 21st of 1920 in Washington, DC, and was buried in Philadelphia’s Mount Vernon Cemetery.

We are told that for months after Sanford’s death, she was so beloved in Minnesota that gatherings in her memory were held at the University of Minnesota and her home church Como Congregational.

As mentioned at the beginning of this post, I am bringing forward unlikely pairs of historical figures who are represented in the National Statuary Hall who have things in common with each other.

For one, both women were very well-educated for their day, with both receiving an advanced education, with Frances Willard attending the Milwaukee Normal School & the North Western Female College, and Maria Sanford attending New Britain Normal School, the first training school for teachers in Connecticut.

Both women went into the field of Higher Education, with Frances Willard becoming involved in College Administration at the Evanston College for Ladies, which later became the Women’s College of Northwestern University; and Maria Sanford teaching at the college -level at both Swarthmore College in Pennyslvania and the University of Minnesota.

Just want to make note of the beautiful Old World architecture seen at all the schools these ladies were connected with.

And both women became leading voices outside of academia, with Frances Willard eventually becoming an International leader in the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in 1893, the same year she became a committed Christian Socialist; and Maria Sanford took on the causes of things like state conservation issues, and went on to become a nationally-known speaker praised for her powerful speeches.

These two women apparently were well-known influencers of their time in key areas involving women, social issues and politics.

But they both definitely fall in the category of obscure historical figures.

I myself would never had heard of them had I not been nosing around the National Statuary Hall.

I am going to just keep putting out there what I am finding in the National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol building in Washington, DC, where in many cases, obscure historical figures like these two ladies were honored, but with their lives and times telling a different kind of story than what we normally hear about.

I am going to focus primarily on the historic trolley amusement parks of Brooklyn’s Coney Island in this post because there’s quite a bit of hidden history related to the historical reset to be found in this location.

This represents just a small fraction of the historic trolley parks, star forts and lighthouses once found in the Upper and Lower New York Bays and the Hudson River Valley, which I detailed in a previous post called “Star Forts, Gone-Bye Trolley Parks, and Light Houses of New York’s Hudson River Valley & New York Bays.”

Just in the distance ALONE between the entrance to the lower New York Bay at the Atlantic Ocean to the locations around the George Washington Bridge, I found: eleven star forts that are in pairs and/or clusters; five major historic trolley amusement parks; and eleven lighthouses.

There were three historic trolley amusement parks on Coney Island in the New York City Borough of Brooklyn, located right next to each other – Steeplechase Park, Luna Park and Dreamland.

For informational purposes, the other two of the five historic trolley amusement parks in the Upper New York Bay were Palisades Park near Fort Lee, New Jersey, on the Hudson River, and Fort George in Upper Manhattan on the Harlem River.

This is what we are told about the historic trolley amusement parks of Brooklyn’s Coney Island.

First, Steeplechase Park.

We are told that Steeplechase Park was created by entrepreneur George Tilyou in 1897.

He bought and improved the Steeplechase Horses attraction, which featured mechanical horses pulled along metal tracks.

The owner George Tilyou adopted a “Funny Face” mascot depicting a smiling man with several dozen teeth, nicknamed “the Tilly,” as the icon for his park.

The entrance to Steeplechase Park had a grand archway, on top of which were the statues of four horses.

Interestingly, the famous Brandenburg Gate in Berlin was also topped by four-horses.

Hmmm.

The Brandenburg Gate was said to have been designed by Carl Gotthard Langhans the Elder, who was inspired by the Propylaea of the Acropolis in Athens, and built between 1788 and 1791.

Carl Gotthard Langhans comes down to us in the historical narrative as a Prussian Master Builder and Royal architect in the Neoclassical-style, who was actually not trained as an architect, but instead educated primarily as a lawyer and mathematician.

His best-known work was said to be the Brandenburg Gate, but he was also credited with many churches, palaces, grand houses, interiors, city gates, and theaters.

We are told Carl Gotthard Langhans gained his architectural prowess from studying things like the ancient texts of the Roman architect Vitruvius.

Back to Steeplechase Park on Coney Island.

The park included at one time over 50 attractions on its midway alone…

…and Tilyou was said to have been inspired to build a Ferris Wheel after having seen the one at the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair on his honeymoon.

Other early noteworthy Steeplechase Park rides included the revolving Airship Tower, pictured here circa 1905…

…boats powered by naphtha, a liquid petroleum-product used as a fuel, cruising the “Canals of Venice,” a ride which he had removed sometime between 1905 and 1907…

…and the “Human Roulette Wheel,” which featured a giant , polished spinning disc that riders would sit in the middle of and slam into each other as it spun faster-and-faster.

In Steeplechase Park’s history, from its opening in 1897 and its closing in 1964, there were things like fires, rebuilding, rides added, and so on.

Like, for example, the 1907 fire.

This quick-spreading fire was alleged to ahve started from a carelessly-thrown, still-lit cigarrette into a garbage can at the “Cave of the Winds” attraction, and was finally extinguished two-hours later after having destroyed nearly everything within Steeplechase Park.

Remarkably, George Tilyou’s home at the corner of Steeplechase Park was spared due to the extra effort of fire-fighters on the scene.

Undaunted, George Tilyou vowed to rebuild Steeplechase Park, and to raise the funds needed to do this, sold 400,000 shares at $5-each, and threw in a season pass for each purchaser on top of that!

We are told the park partially reopened in April of 1908, and the reconstruction was said to be finished by 1909.

Here is a 1912 photo of Steeplechase Park, with the swimming pool front-and-center.

George Tilyou died in 1914, and Steeplechase Park remained in the Tilyou family until its closure in 1964, and over the years started to go into decline at different times for different reasons, but especially so with the onset of the Great Depression, which started in 1929 and resulted in a significant decline in park attendance.

The land of the former amusement park today is Maimonades Park, the location of a minor league baseball stadium.

The only remaining structure from Steeplechase Park is the defunct, but brightly-lit-up at night even today, Parachute Jump.

Next, I am going to take a look at Luna Park.

Luna Park at Coney Island opened in 1903.

It was said to have replaced Sea Lion Park that was operated by a man named Paul Boyton between 1895 and 1902, the first enclosed and permanent amusement park in North America.

Boyton was credited with being the first person to charge an admission fee to a large enclosed area containing multiple amusement rides and activities.

The so-named Captain Paul Boyton was a world-famous back-in-the-day aquatic daredevil and showman who travelled the world’s rivers in an inflatable rubber suit for “P. T. Barnum & Company’s Greatest Show on Earth & the Great London Circus.”

Here are some noteworthy historical side-notes about P. T. Barnum.

He was an early showman, businessman, and politician.

P. T. Barnum got his start in what is now the Financial District of Manhattan in 1841, with “Barnum’s American Museum,” which was known for its strange attractions and performances.

The attractions were a combination of zoo, museum, lecture hall, wax museum, theater, and freak show.

Apparently it became a central location in the development of American popular culture.

Barnum’s American Museum was filled with things like dioramas; scientific instruments; modern appliances; a flea circus; the “feejee” mermaid; Siamese twins, and other human curiosities.

The same “Feejee Mermaid” is still on display today at Harvard’s Peabody Museum.

On July 13th of 1865, the building which housed Barnum’s American Museum caught fire and burned to the ground.

Apparently there were not any human deaths, but a number of the live animal exhibits, including two whales imported from the coast of Labrador, were burned alive.

This was the second of five major fires connected to P. T. Barnum.

The first major fire associated with P. T. Barnum was the mansion he was said to have had built as his residence in Bridgeport, Connecticut, in 1848, and named “Iranistan.”

It was said to have been set on fire by workmen in 1857 when Barnum had been away for several months.

We are told Barnum had hired architect Leopold Eidlitz to design Iranistan as his own version of the Royal Pavilion in Brighton, said to have been constructed in England between 1787 and 1815.

The Royal Pavilion in Brighton was said to have been designed in the architectural-style of “Indo-Saracenic Revival,” as a seaside resort for the Prince Regent George, by British architect John Nash, who was called one of the foremost architects of the neoclassical-style of the “Georgian” and “Regency” eras.

The Flip Flap Railroad mentioned at the bottom of this image of Paul Boyton’s Sea Lion Park…

…was said to be the first looping roller coaster, on the left, and another historic Flip-Flap ride that comes to mind was the one at White City in London in what was called the Elite Gardens at the 1908 Franco-British Exhibition, on the right.

John Belcher was credited with the design of buildings here as the Chief Architect of the 1908 Franco-British Exhibition .

He was an English architect and President of the royal Institute of British Architects.

Paul Boyton’s remaining long-term lease on Coney Island’s Sea Lion Park was bought out starting on October 1st of 1902 by Frederic Thompson and Elmer “Skip” Dundy.

Thompson and Dundy were invited to the Steeplechase Park by George Tilyou for the 1902 Season.

They were known for their ride called “A Trip to the Moon” that was at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition that was held in Buffalo, New York.

The name of the fanciful airship that was the main part of the “A Trip to the Moon” ride was “Luna,” the Latin word for “moon’ for which, we are told, Luna Park in Coney Island was built around.

Well, for one thing, the problem with that story is that there were, and still are, Luna Amusement Parks all over the world, including, but not limited to, Mashhad, Iran, and Ankara, Turkey.

The land Luna Park was on was located next to where the Elephantine Colossus Hotel had been located.

We are told this hotel was a tourist attraction on Coney Island that was an example of novelty architecture, designed by Irish-American inventor James V. Lafferty.

The massive elephantine structure stood above Surf Avenue and West 12th Street from 1885 to 1896, at which time it burned down, giving Thompson and Dundy more land upon which to build Luna Park.

Speaking of elephants, this picture was taken in January of 1903, when Luna Park was said to have been under construction.

It shows Topsy the Elephant before she was executed by electrocution for being a “bad” elephant by Thompson and Dundy as a publicity stunt to advertise the opening of their new park. 

This seems hauntingly reminiscent of the building fire associated with showman P. T. Barnum that resulted in the tragic deaths of the large, helpless whales, and other animals, trapped inside.

The invited press that day included the Edison Movie Manufacturing Company, who filmed the event.

It was released to be viewed in coin-operated kinetoscopes under the title of “Electrocuting an Elephant.”

We are told the Luna Park’s architectural style was an oriental theme, with over 1,000 red and white painted spires, minarets, and domes on buildings constructed on a grand scale.

All the domes, spires, and towers were lit-up at night with several 100,000 incandescent lights.

In the middle of the lake at the center of the park was a 200-foot, or 61-meter, tall Electric Tower that was decorated with 20,000 incandescent lamps, said to be a smaller version of the Electric Tower featured in the 1901 Pan American Exposition in Buffalo.

Luna Park was accessible from Culver Depot, the terminals of the West End and Sea Beach Streetcar and Railroad lines.

Besides a multitude of rides, attractions at Luna Park included infant incubators, described as a new type of infant care where infant incubators containing premature babies were displayed in shows called “Infantoriums.

They were touted as “neonatal healthcare,” helping newborn babies with compromised immune systems by providing a sanitary environment to reduce the possibility of getting an infection.

infant incubators for premature babies became widely available at fairs and amusement parks across America, rather than hospitals, which we are told, had nothing to help them.

What we are told is that many parents of premature, at-risk babies pretty much had to bring their infants to a side-show infantorium at an amusement park or fair, and that these infant shows were the main source of healthcare for premature babies for over forty years. 

Say what??!!

Over the years, Luna Park would continue under different management, with constant changes.

The end of Luna Park came with two fires in 1944, one in August and one in October, which destroyed the park, and in 1946, the whole park was demolished.

There has been a Luna Park operating near the original location since 2010 that has no connection to the 1903 park.

Dreamland was the third and last of the three original parks said to have been built on Coney Island in the early 19th-century.

Dreamland was said to have been founded by successful Brooklyn real estate developer and former State Senator William H. Reynolds as a refined and elegant competitor to the chaotic noise of Luna Park, and opened in May of 1904.

The location of Dreamland was near the West Eighth Street subway station opposite Culver Depot.

Everything at Dreamland was touted to be bigger than Luna Park, including the larger Electric Tower, and four times as many incandescent lights than Luna Park.

Besides having high-class entertainment, morality plays, and rides, Dreamland had human zoos featuring dwarf inhabitants in what was called “Midget City…”

…a Somali Village…

…and a Filipino Village.

And, like Luna Park, Dreamland also had an infant incubator sideshow attraction.

It was typical for these historic permanent amusement parks and temporary exhibitions like World Fairs to have these infantoriums and human zoos as visitor attractions. 

So, as we saw with callous disregard for the lives of the animals in their care, these showmen and entrepreneurs had no regard for the sanctity and dignity of Human life either, except for how it benefited them.  A famous saying attributed to P. T. Barnum was “There’s a sucker born every minute!”

Another thing to mention is this, especially with respect to the existence of Human zoos during this time.

Exposition, the name frequently given to these large public exhibits, is a device used to give background information to the audience about the setting and characters of the story.

Exposition is used in television programs, movies, literature, plays and even music.

They were telling the general public the hunter-gatherer, or even head-hunter, narrative through these large expositions and exhibitions that they wanted people to believe and remember about these original people of the world, and not what they actually were as the builders of the original civilization.

Instead, they took credit for their accomplishments and legacy, and kicked the original advanced humans back to the Stone Age by their systemic practices of brutality, inhumane treatment, and marginalization, among many other things including large-scale genocide.

Dreamland’s life on Coney Island was ended only 7-years after opening.

On May 27th of 1911, a fire started at the Hell Gate attraction the night before the season’s opening day, and spread quickly, completely destroying the park by morning.

Brighton Beach is adjacent to the three major historic Coney Island amusement park locations, and shares the same name with the location of the Royal Pavilion of Brighton mentioned previously in this post. If there was an actual connection between these two places in the original civilization, it is long-lost.

The Brighton Beach Race Course was an American thoroughbred horseracing facility shown here opened on June 28th of 1879.

It was instantly successful and drew wealthy patrons from New York City.

The track prospered in 1908, when the New York State Legislature passed the Hart-Agnew Law, banning gambling.

The Brighton Beach Race Track was eventually torn down, and by the 1920s, replaced by residential housing.

Back around 2015, about three-years before I started blogging and doing my own research in 2018, I remember seeing a video on the New Earth YouTube Channel about megalithic stones strewn about on Coney Island’s Brighton Beach, so I searched for images like this one of Brighton Beach on the left.

What force could possibly cause huge megalithic stone blocks like this to be tossed around like children’s wooden blocks?

And the explanation we are given for faces amongst the rocks was that there was a mystery artist in the 1970s who carved them.

It is important to point out that the landscape looks absolutely ruined here, and Jamaica Bay just to the east of Coney is called a partially man-made and partially-natural estuary, and contains numerous marshy islands.

John F. Kennedy International Airport is on the northeast side of Jamaica Bay, and would have been in a short-distance, straight-line alignment with the former Brighton Beach Race Course.

There is a rapid transit line of the New York subway system that operates through the middle of the marshy Jamaica Bay estuary, the IND Rockaway Line that runs between the Aqueduct Racetrack Station terminal, another racetrack a short-distance, straight-line alignment with JFK Airport, and Rockaway Beach.

The long and narrow Great South Bay is east of Jamaica Bay on Long Island’s South Shore.

The Great South Bay is described as a lagoon that is 45-miles, or 72-kilometers-, long, and has an average depth of a little over 4-feet, or 1.2-meters, and is 20-feet, or 6-meters, at its deepest.

During the so-called Gilded Age, the Vanderbilts, Roosevelts, Whitneys, Morgans, and Woolworths were said to have built summer mansions on Long Island’ South Shore, and country estates on the North Shore of Long Island.

One definition that I found of “Gilded Age” is that it was a period of gross materialism and blatant political corruption in the United States from the 1870s to 1900.

Why were these wealthy families so interested in this marshy, ruined landscape on Long Island?

Just as one of many examples, the land on the Westhampton Dunes of Long Island’s South Shore is considered prime real estate.

But it wasn’t only on Long Island.

The Elites claimed the ruined land along the northeast Atlantic coast throughout the New York- New Jersey Estuary system for their special enclaves.

Why?

Clearly this was a very powerful place on the Earth’s grid system with all of the historic star forts, lighthouses, and historic amusement parks all along the Hudson River and New York Bays.

Similar to the still-existing IND Rockaway rapid transit line that runs through the Jamaica Bay Estuary, this is an old postcard showing the Atlantic City and Shore Railroad crossing a two-mile, or 3-kilometer, -long trestle bridge in the Great Egg Harbor Bay estuary, and was part of an interurban trolley system in New Jersey that served Somers Point and several other cities between Atlantic City and Ocean City in the years between 1907 and 1948.

The reason given for the end of its operation was a hurricane damaging the viaduct in 1948, and fixing it was cost prohibitive because of the decline in trolley use.

So those behind the narrative we are educated in, perhaps “indoctrinated” is a better word, definitely want us to believe these rail-lines were built by wealthy railroad barons, who in-turn were responsible for everything we know in our world coming into existence.

But what really flies in the face of this explanation are the countless examples of rail-lines, or historic rail-lines co-located with sunken, swampy, marshy, and also desert, lands, around the world, like in Portland, Oregon where there is a visible star fort point at the Smith & Bybee Wetlands Natural Area, which is now the location of the Bybee Lakes Hope Center for the Homeless.

This urban wetlands area in Portland is located right next to the still-operating BNSF Ford Railyard. 

The chain of low islands and reefs called Adam’s Bridge, also known as Rama’s Bridge, or Ramsethu, which separates the southern tip of India from Sri Lanka…

…has a rail-line today that still operates from the town of Mandapam in Tamil Nadu to the Indian side of Adam’s Bridge.

The Pamban Bridge crossing through here is described as a masterpiece of engineering, with a movable section midway that is raised to allow ship and barge traffic to pass through.

Over a mile-long, at 6,776-feet, or 2,065-meters, It was said to have been constructed between 1911 and 1914, which was the year World War I started.

 You can take a ferry across, in the same general location as the sunken parts of Adam’s Bridge, to Talaimannar, on Sri Lanka’s Mannar Island, and catch the train on to anywhere you want to go in Sri Lanka.

Sure looks like this part of the world was all-connected together at one time, and not that long ago.

Another example of a rail-line in an anomalous place is at the pink-colored Lake Burlinskoye in Siberia, where the rail-line still operates right through the water.

And the Salta-Antofagasta railway links Argentina and Chile through the Atacama Desert across the Andes Mountains.

These are just a few of many examples of railroads in anomalous places, and there are many more rail-lines that have been abandoned or removed all over the world.

I have come to believe through research findings like these, and others, that what has been characterized as the mud-flood was caused primarily by a deliberately-caused act performed by Aleister Crowley, known as the “Wickedest Man in the World,” on the day of the Philadelphia Experiment, that sent a massive energy surge through the Earth’s grid system by way of Montauk Point and Long Island, sending a ripple of energy across the entire surface of the Earth, causing the land itself to ripple, and in some places turn it into swamp, desert, or sink completely into the ocean.

I think the sinking of Atlantis took place much more recently than we have been led to believe in our historical narrative.

There are still abandoned railcars to this day in the Pine Barrens of New Jersey and the swamps of Louisiana.

There is a full explanation of this theory, with evidence that supports it, in a “Deeper Conversation with Chad” I had recently with Chad Williams and Adam Szecowka, called “The Destruction, Exploitation & Reverse Engineering Of The Earth’s Grid System,” in which we talk in-depth about this, and many other things.

Whatever caused the mud flood is being called a “reset” event, and photographic evidence exists demonstrating that buildings, canals, rail-lines, tunnels, among other things, were purposefully dug out after the event to the point where they could be used.

A sudden cataclysmic event accounts for how a highly advanced worldwide civilization of giants…

…could be wiped from the face of the Earth and erased from our collective memory.

If all this sounds crazy, remember the old saying “Truth is Stranger than Fiction.”

And even if still seems too hard to believe in, the reality of the world we are living in today is pretty strange and crazy, and how did we even get to this upside-down world??

Well, one thing that has gotten us to this place is that we have been taught and told egregious lies by the Establishment from cradle to grave, and we have not been told about an advanced civilization that existed on Earth from the ancient time of Mu, through Atlantis, to relatively recent times.

The parasitic and multi-dimensionally aware beings behind all of this want us to believe that suffering, sickness, misery, destruction, division, and death was and is our normal state of being, and not question what we have been taught about who we are.

They are the only ones who benefit because they energetically feed on Humanity’s negative emotional states, at the same time they have sucked up all the wealth of the Earth for themselves.

I am bringing forward unlikely pairs of historical figures represented in the National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol who have things in common with each other in this series called “Snapshots from the National Statuary Hall.”

In this post, I am pairing John Winthrop, who is in the National Statuary Hall for Massachusetts, who was a leader in establishing the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630, with St. Junipero Serra for California, a notorious Franciscan missionary and Roman Catholic priest who established early missions in California.

So far in this series, I have paired Michigan’s Gerald Ford, a former President of the United States, and Mississippi’s Jefferson Davis, the former President of the Confederate States of America, and both men featured on the cover of the “Knight Templar” Magazine,; Dr. Norman Borlaug, Ph.D, often called the “Father of the Green Revolution; and Colorado’s Dr. Florence R. Sabin, M.D, a pioneer for women in science, both of whom worked for the Rockefeller Foundations; Louisiana’s controversial Socialist Governor, Huey P. Long, and Alabama’s Helen Keller, a deaf-blind woman who gained prominence as an author, lecturer, Socialist activist; Henry Clay, attorney, plantation owner, and statesman from Kentucky, and Lewis Cass, a military officer who was directly behind Native American Removals, politician and statesman from Michigan, contemporaries who were both Freemasons and unsuccessful candidates for U. S. President.; John Gorrie for Florida, a physician and inventor of mechanical refrigeration and William King for Maine, a merchant and Maine’s first governor, both Freemasons; and Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe during World War II and former President representing the State of Kansas, and Lew Wallace, Union General and former Governor of New Mexico Territory, representing the State of Indiana, both of whom were involved in the entirety of their major wars, and in the events concerning crimes in the aftermath of their wars; and Francis Preston Blair, Jr, representing Missouri, and Edmund Kirby Smith for Florida, both major players in events of the Mexican-American War and the American Civil War.

First, John Winthrop, one of the statues representing Massachusetts in the National Statuary Hall.

John Winthrop was an English Puritan lawyer, and led the first wave of colonists from England in 1630 and a leader in establishing the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the second major British Colony after the founding of Plymouth Colony in 1620.

John Winthrop was born in January of either 1587 or 1588 in Suffolk, England.

His father Adam was a prosperous landowner and lawyer, and his mother Annie came from a well-to-do landowning family as well.

The Winthrop family was granted Groton Manor after the Dissolution of the Monasteries, as the Lord of the Manor had previously been the Abbot of the Bury St. Edmunds Abbey, and John’s parents moved in when he was young.

The Dissolution of the Monasteries took place between 1536 and 1541, in which King Henry VIII disbanded the approximately 850 monasteries, convents and friaries in England, and leaving none.

Their income was taken and assets disposed of, and in many cases, like that of Glastonbury Abbey, the buildings on the property were left in ruins.

The Winthrop Coat of Arms was confirmed to John’s uncle by the College of Arms in 1592.

The College of Arms was said to have been first incorporated as a Royal Corporation in March of 1484 under King Richard III, and then re-incorporated in 1555 under Queen Mary I of England.

Heralds are appointed by the British Monarch and delegated to act on behalf of the Crown on all matters of heraldry, besides the granting of new Coats-of-Arms, including genealogical research and the granting of pedigrees.

During King Henry VIII’s reign, it was said that the College of Arms “…at no time since its establishment, was the college in higher estimation, nor in fuller employment, than in this reign.”

In 1530, King Henry VIII conferred the duty of “heraldic visitation” on the College, that of tours of inspection between 1530 and 1688 around England, Wales, and Ireland to register and regulate the Coats of Arms of Nobility, gentry and boroughs, and to record pedigrees.

During the time of the Dissolution of the Monasteries between 1536 and 1541, this duty gained even more importance as the Monasteries were formerly the repositories of local genealogical records, and from then on, the College was responsible for the recording and maintenance of genealogical records.

The College of Arms has been on Queen Victoria Street in the City of London in the shadow of St. Paul’s Cathedral since 1555.

This is the Coat-of-Arms for the College of Arms, with the motto “Diligent and Secret,” which interestingly the heraldry-wiki doesn’t know the meaning of.

Could it possibly mean exactly what it says – diligent and secret?

Like we don’t want you to know something, but we are sure working hard at what we are doing!

This would explain a question I am often asked – how to explain something like a mud flood event and repopulation effort involving lots of orphans when some people have long genealogies in their families, and I am one of them, with long genealogies on all my family lines, including ancestors on the Mayflower on my paternal grandmother’s side.

Yet my husband’s family got the name Gibson from an orphan ancestor that worked on a cattle drive for a man named Gibson, and he took his name.

Another question that comes to my mind is why does the word “arms” refer both to heraldry devices and weapons?

I have had some major questions about King Henry VIII’s role in the historical narrative.

Many star forts were attributed to having been built during his reign, like the Portland Castle on the Isle of Portland between 1539 and 1541…

…and Sandsfoot Castle in neighboring Weymouth, completed in 1542 and that both were meant to defend the original harbor against French and Spanish invaders.

During this same period of time, the Jesuit Order was formed in 1540 by a papal bull issued by Pope Paul III, under the leadership of Ignatius Loyola, and included a special vow of obedience to the Pope in matters of mission direction and assignment.

In 1542, Pope Paul III also established the Holy Office, also known as the  Inquisition and the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. 

And in May of 1543, Nicolaus Copernicus published “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres,” offering mathematical arguments for the heliocentric, or sun-centered universe, and denying the geocentric model of the Earth-centered universe of Ptolemy, and the once widely-accepted geocentric model of the Universe was henceforth no longer considered adequate.

Copernicus’ Universe-changing book was published shortly before his death on May 24th of 1543.

Anyway, back to John Winthrop.

Winthrop entered Trinity College at Cambridge University in 1602.

According to the narrative, Trinity College was founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII.

Interesting to note that this architectural-style found at Trinity College looks just like college architecture found all around the world, with examples shown here at Korea University in Seoul, Korea, on the top left; Sydney University in Sydney, Australia, on the top right; Mainz University on Mainz, Germany on the bottom left; and at the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma on the bottom right.

John Winthrop left Trinity College in 1605 to get married to Mary Forth, the daughter of a family friend.

In 1613, Winthrop’s father transferred the family holdings in Groton to him, and he became Lord of the Manor at Groton.

Lord of the Manor referred to the landholder of a rural estate, enjoying manorial rights, which was the right to establish and occupy a residence, and seignory, the right to grant or draw benefit from the estate.

Also sometime around 1613, Winthrop enrolled in Gray’s Inn, where he read law but did not advance to the Bar.

Gray’s Inn is one of the four inns of court in London – along with the Lincoln Inn, Inner Temple, and Middle Temple – that educate and train barristers in order to be able to practice law in England and Wales.

The early records of all four inns of court were lost, and the exact dates of their founding is not known.

The records of Gray’s Inn are lost up until the year of 1569, but was believed to date back to around 1370.

Winthrop’s wife Mary died in 1616, and he was remarried to Thomasine Clopton, who also died in 1616, in childbirth in December of that year.

Through his legal connections, he began courting Margaret Tyndal, the daughter of chancery Judge Sir John Tyndal and Anne Egerton, the sister of Stephen Egerton, a leading Puritan preacher of his time.

John Winthrop and Margaret Tyndal were married in April of 1618.

At some point not long after they were married, John acquired a position at the Court of Wards and Liveries and travelled between London and Groton, where his wife and eldest son John from his first marriage managed the manor when he was away.

The Court of Wards and Liveries was established starting in 1540 during the reign of King Henry VIII by two Acts of Parliament – the Court of Wards Act of 1540 and the Wards and Liveries Act of 1541.

It was established around the issues of practical matters relating to the Crown’s right of wardship and livery of young orphaned heirs where their father had been a Tenant-in-Chief of the Crown, including having rights over the deceased’s estate, including income and land, so this special court also administered a system of levying and collecting feudal dues.

Does this mean that there were so many orphaned heirs that they had to establish a special court to handle them?!

And what is Livery?

Well, if you look up the meaning, livery is an identifying design, such as a uniform, ornament, symbol, or insignia that designates ownership or affiliation.

Most often it would indicate the wearer of the livery was a servant, dependent, follower or friend of the owner of the livery.

Apparently the “Office of Liveries” was joined with the “Court of Wards” in 1542.

I find this information about the “Court of Wards and Liveries” very intriguing, and would love to know more about what was going on here that is not found in the historical record.

Perhaps there was more to it than just a way of replenishing the Royal Treasury and controlling wards and the administration of their lands, which is found in the historical record.

But was there a connection between the English words “livery” and “delivery,” where definitions of delivery include 1) the transfer of something from one place or person to another; 2) the process of giving birth; and in law 3) the formal or symbolic handing over of property to a grantee or third-party.

Our historical narrative tells us the religious atmosphere for Puritans to started to change in England in the mid-to-late 1620s, after King Charles I ascended to the throne in 1625, and had married a Roman Catholic.

There was an atmosphere of intolerance towards Puritans and this state-of-affairs led Puritan leaders to consider emigration to the New World as means to escape persecution.

The establishment of Plymouth Colony on the shores of Cape Cod Bay in 1620 was the first successful religious colonization of the New World.

In 1629, a charter was received by Puritan investors that became known as the “Massachusetts Bay Company” to govern a land grant of territory between what became known as the Charles River in eastern Massachusetts and the Merrimack River, which starts in New Hampshire and flows southward into Massachusetts.

Puritan John Endecott led a small group of settlers to the area around this time to prepare the way for a larger migration, and he became the first Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1629 to 1630, and served as governor several more times over the years, for a total of sixteen years all together.

The exact connection by which John Winthrop got involved with the Massachusetts Bay Company is not known, but he had connections with individuals associated with the company.

Also in 1629, King Charles I dissolved Parliament, beginning a historical period known as “11 years of rule” without Parliament.

This worried Massachusetts Bay Company principal investors, and John Winthrop as well, who had lost his position with the Court of Wards and Liveries in the crackdown on Puritans that took place with the dissolution of Parliament.

The Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company proposed the company reorganize and transport its charter and governance to the colony, and as the months went on, John Winthrop became more involved with the company, and a major supporter of emigration there.

John Winthrop was a signatory on the Cambridge Agreement, which was signed on August 29th of 1629 by company shareholders.

Under its terms, those who wanted to emigrate to the New World could purchase shares from those shareholders who didn’t want to leave home.

The Cambridge Agreement also set forth that the Massachusetts Bay Colony would be under local control, and not governed by a London-based corporate board.

The company shareholders met in August of 1629 to enact the agreement.

At this time, John Winthrop was chosen as the new Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company, and, along with other company officials, set about making all the necessary arrangements for the venture of settling in the New World.

John Winthrop was on one of four ships of the transport fleet that left the Isle of Wight on April 8th of 1630.

All together, there were eleven ships that carried roughly 700 emigrants to the new colony.

John Winthrop, with the charter for the Massachusetts Bay Colony in hand, and the new colonists arrived in Salem, Massachusetts, in June of 1630, and were welcomed by John Endecott.

Winthrop found the Salem area inadequate for the arrival of all the new colonists, so he and his deputy, Thomas Dudley, surveyed the area, and eventually settled on the Shawmut Peninsula, where they founded what became the city of Boston.

They also established settlements along the coast, and banks of the Charles River, we are told, in order to avoid presenting a single point that hostile forces might attack.

So along with Boston, these settlements were Cambridge, Roxbury, Dorchester, Watertown, Medford, and Charlestown.

This map was the illustration that appeared opposite the title page of William Wood’s book from that time entitled: “New Englands Prospect” and called “A true, lively and experimentall description of that part of America commonly called New England; discovering the state of that Countrie, both as it stands to our new-come English Planters; and to the old native inhabitants. Laying down which that which might enrich the knowledge of the mind-travelling reader, or benefit the future voyager.”

This selection from William Wood’s book was of a map showing the plantations along Massachusetts Bay, and the word or name Sagamore is showing in several places.

The word “Sagamore” or “Sachem” apparently denoted a leader of the Algonquin-speaking peoples.

I just want to say that it is extremely difficult to find information about who the Algonquin people really are because the visuals we see are typically like this.

Here is an historic photograph that I came across of the Algonquin Narragansett people of Rhode Island, circa 1925.

We are told that in its early months, the new colony struggled, losing around 200 people to various diseases.

Winthrop worked alongside the laborers and servants in the work of the colony, setting an example for the other colonists to do all the work that needed to be done on the “plantation.”

Interesting to see the word “plantation” used so much even from the very beginnings of the New World.

In the history of colonialism, plantation was a form of colonization where settlers would establish a permanent or semi-permanent settlement in a new region.

Looks like the colonizers were literally “planting” themselves in a new place.

Not only were settlements and settlers being planted in a new region from somewhere else, this plantation system of the colonizers quickly laid the foundation for slavery on large farms owned by “planters” where cash crop goods were produced.

The word plantation first started appearing in the late 1500s to describe the process of colonization, like the Plantations of Ireland in the 16th- and 17th-centuries, during which time we are told the English Crown confiscated land from Irish Catholics and redistributed the land to Protestant settlers from Great Britain…

…creating all kinds of long-term problems.

The British Plantations of Ireland replaced the Irish language, law and customs with those of the British, created sectarian hatred between Protestants and Catholics, and Northern Ireland is still part of Britain to this day.

Back to John Winthrop.

This plaque memorializes John Winthrop’s first house in Boston, said to have been built nearby.

The marker was placed on the old Boston Stock Exchange Building, located at 53 State Street, by the City of Boston in 1930.

The old Boston Stock Exchange Building was said to have been built between 1889 and 1891 from designs by the architectural firm of Peabody & Stearns, and one of the largest office buildings in America back in the day, and in its hey-day housed banks, corporations, safe-deposit vaults, lawyers, and businessmen.

Governor Winthrop was also granted an estate on the southern bank of the Mystic River in Somerville, Massachusetts, by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in September of 1631 that he called “Ten Hills Farm.”

It was so-named for what were called “ten small knolls” on the property, which included orchards and meadows for grazing cattle.

Ten Hills Farm was inherited by his son, John Winthrop, Jr, in 1649, who was the Governor of the Connecticut Colony between 1659 and 1676.

Today Ten Hills is a neighborhood of Somerville.

On the other side of the Mystic River from Ten Hills Farm was a shipyard owned in absentia by Mathew Cradock, one of the original principal investors of the Massachusetts Bay Company, and it was there that one of the colony’s first ships was said to have been built, the 30-ton “Blessing of the Bay,” and first launched on July 4th of 1631.

It was operated by John Winthrop as a trading and packet ship up and down the coast of New England, but only for a short time as the ship “disappeared from view,” possibly wrecked on the capes in 1633 on a voyage to Virginia with a load of fish and furs.

Winthrop was a big regional landowner.

He also owned the land that became the town of Billerica…

…Governor’s Island in Boston Harbor…

…and Prudence Island in Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island.

Winthrop spent a lot of time writing, including his “The History of New England: 1630 – 1649,” also known as “The Journal of John Winthrop,” which was apparently not published until the late 18th-century.

John Winthrop died of natural causes in March of 1649 and was buried in the King’s Chapel Burying Ground, the oldest cemetery in Boston and a site on the Freedom Trail.

The Freedom Trail is a 2.5-mile, or 4-kilometer, -long path through Boston with sixteen locations significant to the history of the United States that was established in 1951.

Next, St. Junipero Serra.

St. Junipero Serra, a Franciscan missionary and Roman Catholic priest, represents California in the National Statuary Hall.

He was credited with establishing the Franciscan Missions in the Sierra Gorda in Mexico, said to have been built between 1750 and 1760 a UNESCO World Heritage Site…

…as well as the first nine of twenty-one missions in California, from San Diego to San Francisco from 1770 to 1782.

The Tongva people were indigenous to the South Channel Islands and the Los Angeles Basin.

The collapse of Tongva society and culture of the region was initiated with Junipero Serra’s founding of the San Gabriel Mission in Los Angeles County in 1771.

The Spanish initiated forced relocation and enslavement of the native Tongva people under the mission system to secure their labor, and some of the nicknames of the San Gabriel Mission in San Gabriel California is the “Queen of the California Missions,” and “Mother of Agriculture in California.”

Junipero Serra was beatified in 1988 by Pope John Paul II over the denunciations of Native American tribes that accused him of heading a brutal colonial subjugation.

Then in 2015, Pope Francis canonized him, and he became Saint Junipero Serra, the first saint to be canonized on U. S. soil at the National Basilica in Washington, D. C.

Serra was nicknamed the “Apostle of California” for his missionary efforts, but before and after his canonization, his reputation and missionary work was condemned for reasons given like mandatory conversions of the native population to Catholicism and atrocities committed against them.

That’s what they say about him anyway!

I am bringing forward unlikely pairs of historical figures who are represented in the National Statuary Hall who have things in common with each other, as mentioned at the beginning of this post.

I think the main thing that jumps out in this pairing of John Wintrhop and the sainted Junipero Serra is that they were engaged in the same kinds of activities setting up new economic slavery systems and infrastructure, with Winthrop on the East Coast for British and Church of England interests, and Serra on the west coast for the Spanish Empire and the Catholic Church .

The Council of New England and the Church of England were busy colonizing and settling New England starting in 1620, almost exactly 100-years after the Vice-Royalty of New Spain and the Catholic Church did the same thing following the Spanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521.

Central Mexico became the base of expeditions of exploration and conquest, in what became a huge area that comprised the Spanish colonization of the Americas, including California among many other places, in much the same way that New England became a major starting point for the British colonization and exploration of North America.

Along these lines, the Spanish Mission System of California sounded A LOT like the English plantation system of New England.

Just going to keep putting it out there that what I am finding in the National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol building in Washington, DC, seems more often than not a “Who’s Who” for the New World Order and its Agenda, and in many cases honoring obscure historical figures, like these two men, with their lives and times telling a completely different kind of story than what we normally hear about.

In this series called “Snapshots from the National Statuary Hall,”I am bringing forward unlikely pairs of historical figures represented in the National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol who have things in common with each other.

In this post, I am pairing Francis Preston Blair, Jr, of Missouri, a Union Major General during the Civil War, with Edmund Kirby Smith of Florida, a senior officer of the Confederate States Army.

So far in this series, I have paired Michigan’s Gerald Ford, a former President of the United States, and Mississippi’s Jefferson Davis, the former President of the Confederate States of America, and both men featured on the cover of the “Knight Templar” Magazine,; Dr. Norman Borlaug, Ph.D, often called the “Father of the Green Revolution; and Colorado’s Dr. Florence R. Sabin, M.D, a pioneer for women in science, both of whom worked for the Rockefeller Foundations; Louisiana’s controversial Socialist Governor, Huey P. Long, and Alabama’s Helen Keller, a deaf-blind woman who gained prominence as an author, lecturer, Socialist activist; Henry Clay, attorney and statesman from Kentucky, and Lewis Cass, military officer, politician and statesman from Michigan, contemporaries who were both Freemasons and unsuccessful candidates for U. S. President.; John Gorrie for Florida, a physician and inventor of mechanical refrigeration and William King for Maine, a merchant and Maine’s first governor, both Freemasons; and Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe during World War II and former President representing the State of Kansas, and Lew Wallace, Union General and former Governor of New Mexico Territory, representing the State of Indiana, both of whom were involved in the entirety of their major wars, and in the events concerning crimes int he aftermath of their wars.

First, Francis Preston Blair, Jr.

He was a U. S. Senator and Congressman for Missouri, and a Union Major General during the Civil War.

Blair was born in Lexington, Kentucky, in February of 1821.

He was the youngest son of politician and newspaper editor Francis Preston Blair, Sr, an early member of the Democrat Party and strong supporter of Andrew Jackson, helping him win Kentucky in the Presidential election of 1828…

…and his brother Montgomery was the Mayor of St. Louis, and Postmaster General under President Lincoln.

Montgomery Blair was also the attorney for Dred Scott.

The Blair House in Washington, DC, is used an official residence, used primarily as a state guest house for visiting dignitaries and other guests of the U. S. President.

Come to think of it there is a high school in Montgomery County, Maryland, where I grew up, and come to find out, it was named in Montgomery Blair’s honor.

Interesting to note the mascot for the school is called “The Blazer,” and not the “Red Devil” that it looks like.

Hmmm, in the past I wouldn’t have thought twice about this not being noteworthy, but now I look at things completely differently as to what it could possibly mean.

Back to Francis Preston Blair Jr.

He received his early education in schools in Washington, DC, then received his higher education at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut…

…the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill…

…and he graduated from Princeton University in New Jersey in 1841.

Blair studied law at Transylvania University in Lexington, Kentucky.

Blair was admitted to the bar in Lexington, and first went into law practice in 1842 with his brother Montgomery in St. Louis, and then went to work in the law office of Thomas Hart Benton in St. Louis, between 1842 and 1845.

Blair travelled out west for a buffalo hunt in 1845, and stayed at Bent’s Fort in present-day La Junta on the Santa Fe Trail in eastern Colorado with his cousin, George Bent.

Bent’s Fort was situated in the vicinity of bends in the Arkansas River, in the same manner that Fort Snelling, which we are told was established in Minnesota in 1819, just happens to be situated directly next to the river-bends of the Mississippi River between Minneapolis and St. Paul, and yes I do think there is an energy connection between star forts and river-bends like these.

Blair joined the expedition of Brigadier General Stephen Kearney in Santa Fe after the beginning of the Mexican-American War in April of 1846, which started after the United States annexed Texas in 1845.

Kearney took a force, called the “Army of the West,” consisting of about 2,500 men to Santa Fe, New Mexico, during the Mexican-American War, that was headquartered at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, the oldest settlement in Kansas, and the second-oldest active army post west of Washington, DC.

After the Mexican-American War, broken up into both the “Department of the Pacific” and the “Department of the West,” both commands of the U. S. Army during the 19th-century.

By the end of June of 1846, Kearney’s “Army of the West” advanced on the Santa Fe Trail.

Kearney and his army moved into present-day New Mexico and seized Santa Fe between August 8th and August 14th of 1846, where he established a military government.

Kearney subsequently appointed Francis P. Blair, Jr, as Attorney-General for the New Mexico Territory, and Blair established an American Code of Law for the region, as well as becoming a judge on a newly-established circuit court.

On September 25th of 1846, Kearney set out from Santa Fe with military forces as part of a concerted military operation involving several units to conquer and take possession of California.

After putting up fierce resistance in a number of battles that took place during this time, the Californians surrendered on January 13th of 1847 to John C. Fremont, and Kearney was the military governor of California in Monterey until May of that year.

Blair returned to St. Louis in the summer of 1847.

He entered the political arena, and served in the Missouri House of Representatives from 1852 to 1856, and was an outspoken “Free Soiler,” a coalition party focused on the issue of opposing the expansion of slavery into the western states.

The Free Soil Party was active from 1848 to 1854, at which time it merged into the Republican Party.

Blair was elected to the U. S. House of Representatives as a Republican in 1856.

Though a slave-owner himself, Blair made major speeches during this time calling slavery as a national problem, proposing to solve it by gradual emancipation, and by acquiring land in Central and South America on which to settle freed slaves.

Over the next few years Blair was in-and-out of the U. S. House of Representatives for a variety of reasons and did not stay put there, including becoming a colonel in the Union Army in July of 1861 after being elected in 1860.

We are told the State of Missouri was a hotly-contested border state during the Civil War years, with a mix of pro-Union and pro-secession.

Missouri sent armies, generals and supplies to both sides, maintained two governments, and went through a bloody neighbor-against-neighbor in-state war within the larger national war.

Missouri’s position at the geographic center of the country and at the edge of the American frontier made it divisive battleground, and when the American Civil War started in 1861, the state became a strategic territory in the Trans-Mississippi Theater, with both sides vying for control of the Mississippi River, and the importance of St. Louis as economic hub.

And…apparently Francis P. Blair Jr was in the thick of it in Missouri.

So, for example, right after South Carolina seceded from the Union in December of 1860, Blair anticipated southern leaders trying to lead Missouri into the secession movement, so he personally organized and equipped a Home Guard of several thousand members from a group called the “Wide Awakes,” a paramilitary youth organization cultivated by the Republican Party during the 1860 election year.

By the middle of the 1860 election campaign, Republicans estimated there were “Wide Awake” Chapters in every northern (free) state, and that there were 500,000 members by President Lincoln’s election.

The groups held social events, promoted comic books, and introduced many young people to political participation.

The standard “Wide Awake” uniform was a full robe or cape; a black-glazed cap; and a torch that was six-feet in length, with a whale-oil container mounted to it.

The “Wide Awakes” also adopted a large eyeball as their standard bearer.

Blair also recruited members of the German gymnastic movement in St. Louis for his Missouri Home Guard.

Called “Turners,” they were members of German-American gymnastic clubs called “Turnvereins.”

They promoted German culture, physical culture, and liberal politics.

The Turner Movement in Germany was started was started by nationalist Friedrich Ludwig Jahn in 1811 when Germany was occupied by Napoleon.

The politically-liberal Turner Movement in Germany was suppressed after the Revolutions of 1848, in which many Turners took part, so many Turners left Germany for the United States, in particular the Ohio Valley Region, Missouri, Wisconsin, and Texas.

Several of these “Forty-Eighters” went on to become Union soldiers and Republican politicians.

Turners were also active in public education and labor movements.

All I can say is “What is this?”

What was really going on here?

So anyway, Blair, and Captain Nathaniel Lyon transferred the arms in the U. S. Arsenal in St. Louis to Alton, Illinois, located across the Mississippi River from St. Louis.

Then, on May 10th of 1861, Lyon, Blair’s Home Guard, and a U. S. Army Company, captured hundreds of secessionist state militia at Camp Jackson who had been positioned to take over the arsenal in an event known as the Camp Jackson Affair…or the Camp Jackson Massacre.

The Massacre took place when the captives were marched into town, and hostile secessionist crowds gathered. From a single gunshot, described as accidental, Lyon’s men fired into the crowd, killing 28 civilians and injuring dozens more.

Several days of rioting followed, which was only stopped with the imposition of martial law.

While Lyon’s actions gave the Union control of St. Louis and the rest of Missouri for the remainder of the Civil War, it deepened the ideological divisions in the state.

After this incident, open warfare between Union troops and followers of the pro-Southern Governor of Missouri, Claiborne Jackson, was about to break-out.

On May 21st, the Union General William S. Harney, Commander of the U. S. Army of the West, agreed to the Price-Harney Agreement with the Missouri State Guard Commander Sterling Price to avoid hostilities.

The Agreement left the Union in control of the arsenal and St. Louis, and left the secessionist, Price, in charge of the Missouri State Guard and most of the rest of the state.

Blair objected to the Harney-Price Agreement, and contacted Republican leaders in Washington, DC.

President Lincoln relieved Harney of command, and Nathaniel Lyon became the Commander of the Department of the West on May 30th of 1861, with an order to keep Missouri in the Union.

Lyon drove Sterling Price and Governor Jackson to the southwestern corner of the state, where Lyon was killed near Springfield, Missouri, in the “Battle of Wilson’s Creek,” the first major battle of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War, and resulted in a Confederate victory.

Though the state stayed in the Union for the remainder of the war, the battle gave Confederates control of southwestern Missouri.

Blair helped organize a new pro-Union state government and John C. Fremont took over command of the U. S. Army Western Department.

Fremont’s mission was to organize, equip, and lead the Union Army down the Mississippi River, reopen commerce, and cut-off the western part of the Confederacy, and his main goal as the Commander of the Western Army was to protect Cairo, Illinois, at all costs.

The city of Cairo, Illinois, was located at the southernmost point in Illinois, at the confluence of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers.

Southern Illinois where Cairo is referred to as “Little Egypt.”

I say was because today, Cairo is empty and deserted, and considered a ghost town.

In its heyday, Cairo was an important city along the steamboat routes and railway lines. 

Blair and Fremont, however, clashed over Fremont’s military operations in Missouri, particularly how money was being spent.

Apparently, Fremont was spending money on equipment and supplies, and that Blair expected money to go to his allies in the business community of St. Louis.

Fremont was discredited in part because of Blair’s influence, and replaced as commander in November of 1861.

In July of 1862, Blair was appointed as a colonel of Missouri Volunteers; promoted to Brigadier General of Volunteers in August of 1862; and Major-General in November of 1862.

His military service during the Civil War consisted of: commanding a brigade consisting of companies from Missouri, Illinois, and Ohio; commanding divisions in Vicksburg, Chattanooga, and protecting rear armies of Sherman’s “March to the Sea.”

After the Civil War, not only was Blair financially ruined because he spent so much of his private fortune in support of the Union, he also became disgruntled with the Republican Party and left it, along with his father and brother, because the Blair family did not like the Congressional Reconstruction policy.

By this time, for the remainder of Blair’s life, his political career was pretty much over for all intents and purposes.

He died on July 8th of 1875 from head injuries he sustained after a fall at the age of 54, while serving as Missouri’s State Superintendent of Insurance, and was buried at Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis.

Next, I am going to feature Edmund Kirby Smith, who represents the State of Florida in the National Statuary Hall.

Edmund Kirby Smith was a senior officer of the Confederate States Army who commanded its Trans-Mississippi Department between 1863 and 1865.

The Trans-Mississippi Department of the Confederate States Army was comprised of Arkansas, Texas, Missouri, western Louisiania, Arizona Territory and Indian Territory.

Edmund Kirby Smith was born in St. Augustine, Florida, in 1834, the youngest child of attorney Joseph Lee and his wife Francis.

Both of his parents were natives of Litchfield, Connecticut before moving to St. Augustine in 1821, where his father was appointed as a Superior Court Judge in the new Florida Territory, of which St. Augustine was the capital between 1822 and 1824.

Litchfield, Connecticut was the location of the Litchfield Law School, the first independent law school established in America for reading law,  founded by lawyer, educator and judge Tapping Reeve in the 1770s, and it was a proprietary school that was unaffiliated with any college or university.

I looked up meanings for the unusual name of “Tapping Reeve,” and here is what I found as some possibilities:

Tapping – To exploit or draw a supply from a resource.

Reeve – Administrator, attendant; curator; agent; director; foreman; and the list goes on.

Something to think about.

Edmund Kirby Smith entered West Point in 1841 and graduated in 1845, and by August of 1846 was serving in the 7th U. S. Infantry as a Second Lieutenant.

He served in several battles of the Mexican-American War, which took place between 1846 and 1848 after the United States annexed Texas in 1845, and had obtained the rank of captain by the end of it.

After the Mexican-American War and before the American Civil War, Smith taught mathematics at West Point between 1849 and 1852, as well as pursuing his scientific interest in botany, and was credited with collecting and describing species of plants native to Florida and Tennessee.

Then, he returned to leading troops in 1859 in the Southwest.

Smith was promoted to Major in January of 1861 when Texas seceded from the Union, and he refused to surrender his command at Camp Colorado in what is now Coleman to the Texas State Troops.

Within just a few months, Smith had resigned his commission in the United States Army to join the Confederacy.

He had been promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General in June of 1861, and given a command of a brigade in the Army of the Shenandoah, which he led in the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21st of 1861, the first major battle of the civil war, in which he was severely wounded.

Smith recovered from his injuries, and returned to duty in October of 1861 as a Major-General and division commander of the Army of Northern Virginia for awhile, the primary military force of the Confederate States in the Eastern Theater of the Civil War.

Then in February of 1862, he was sent west to command the eastern division of the Army of Mississippi, cooperating with General Braxton Bragg in what was called the “Invasion of Kentucky,” during which time he was victorious in the Battle of Richmond in Kentucky, called one of the most complete confederate victories in the war, and the first major battle in the Kentucky Campaign.

By October of 1862, Smith was promoted to Lieutenant-General, commanding the 3rd Corps, Army of Tennessee.

Then in January of 1863, Edmund Kirby Smith was transferred to command the Trans-Mississippi Department, and for the rest of the Civil War he remained west of the Mississippi River.

His Trans-Mississippi Department never had more than 30,000 men stationed over a large area and he wasn’t able to concentrate his forces enough to challenge the Union Army or Navy.

After the Union forces captured Vicksburg, Mississippi on July 4th of 1863…

…and Port Hudson in Louisiana, on July 9th of 1863…

…Edmund Kirby Smith’s forces were cut off from the Confederate Capital of Richmond, Virginia.

As a result of being cut-off from Richmond, Smith commanded and administered a nearly independent area of the Confederacy, and the whole region became known as “Kirby Smithdom.”

Ultimately, the Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith surrendered the Trans-Mississippi Department on May 26th of 1865 on board the U. S. S. Fort Jackson on Galveston Bay in Texas to the Union Major General Edward Canby, approximately eight-weeks after General Robert E. Lee’s surrender to General Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia.

Edmund Kirby Smith was active in the telegraph business as the President of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company following the Civil War, from 1866 to 1868…

…served as the Chancellor of the University of Nashville from 1870 and 1875…

…and taught mathematics and botany at the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee…

…in whose cemetery he was buried after his death from pneumonia in 1893.

I am bringing forward unlikely pairs of historical figures who are represented in the National Statuary Hall who have things in common with each other, as mentioned at the beginning of this post.

In this pairing for things in common with each other, both men were out in what became the western United States, after Texas was annexed in 1845, and heavily involved in the events and activities of the Mexican-American War, which lasted from 1846 to 1848.

Both Blair and Kirby Smith served as General-grade officers during the Civil War, with Blair commanding Union troops, and Kirby Smith commanding Confederate troops.

And both men were closely connected with the Trans-Mississippi Department, with Blair’s home state of Missouri being part of it, and from July of 1863 to May of 1865, Kirby Smith was the commander and administrator of this pretty much independent area of the Confederacy.

Shreveport in Louisiana was the location of one of the two headquarters of the Trans-Mississippi Department of the Confederate Army, the other being in Marshall, Texas.

I first learned about the Trans-Mississippi Department when I was doing some research around Albert Pike, an influential 33rd-degree freemason who was a senior officer of the Confederate Army who commanded the District of Indian Territory in the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War, otherwise known as Oklahoma.

Around this same time period, Albert Pike was the Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme Council of Scottish Rite’s Southern Jurisdiction, a position which he held from 1859 to 1891.

As a matter of fact, there is an interesting similarity between the decoration for the Trans-Mississippi Department, with the motto of the Confederacy – “Deo Vindice” or something along the lines of “With God, our Defender” – and the decoration of the Order of the Sovereign Grand Inspectors General of the Scottish Rite, which has the Masonic Motto of the 33rd-Degree – “Ordo Ab Chao” and “Deus Meumque Jus” – inscribed on it, which translates to “Order out of Chaos” and “God and My Right.”

These sound a lot like the motto for the University of Wisconsin-Madison – “Numen Lumen” – which can be translated from the Latin as “God, Our Light,” and like “Heaven’s Light Our Guide” that was found on the flags of the various Presidencies in India, like that of the “Madras Presidency,” of the British East India Company.

And the University of Wisconsin-Madison seal looks like the standard of Blair’s “Wide Awake” movement seen earlier in this post.

At any rate, we are told that over 200,000 men were engaged in the Trans-Mississippi Theater of War, and there were all together 7 battles in Arkansas, New Mexico, Missouri and Louisiana between 1862 and 1864.

This was also the heart of the ancient Washitaw Empire, with Monroe, Louisiana being the Imperial Seat.

This was the battle flag of the “Army of the West,” another name for the Trans-Mississippi District of the Confederacy’s Army of the Mississippi.

What would stars and a crescent be doing on a Confederate Army’s battle flag?

The star and crescent symbolism has been identified with Islam, and what we are told is that this happened primarily with the emergence of the Ottoman Turks, and for one example of several national flags, are depicted on the modern Turkish flag.

I also read where the Egyptian hieroglyphs of a star and the crescent moon denote the Venus Cycle from morning star to evening star.

And why is theater, defined as a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, like a stage, the word choice for an area or place in which important military events occur or are progressing?

A theater can include the entirety of the air space, land and sea area that is or that may potentially become involved in war operations.  

As is so often the case, I am left with more questions than answers about the gaps, no…gaping holes, in our historical narrative about what was really going on here during this period of time.

The National Statuary Hall at the U. S. Capitol building consistently provides us with tantalizing clues in the lives of the historical characters chosen to represent their respective states, almost like a “Who’s Who” of the New World Order’s historical reset activities, many of whom are obscure individuals like Francis Preston Blair, Jr, and Edmund Kirby Smith.

I have collected a variety of puzzle pieces about different places that bring a bigger picture into focus that is not immediately apparent on the surface over the course of several years of doing extensive research.

I looked at the foreign involvement in the development of Japan’s Military Empire of the late 19th-century to the mid-twentieth-century in our historical narrative, and in its being dismantled, in my last post.

In this post, I am going to be looking into the East India Companies, the theft of India & the legacy of the Mughal Empire.

Most of the research in this post came from a 23-part series called “Sacred Geometry, Ley Lines & Places in Alignment” that I did back in 2020 tracking a long-distance alignment beginning in San Francisco, in which I crossed through this part of the world twice, though I did augment my original findings with new research to illustrate what took place according to our historical narrative.

India was called the “Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire. and its largest, and most important, overseas possession.

Much of the British Empire was built around India, in order to provide routes to, or protection for, India.

India was prosperous and rich, in spices, silk, indigo, gold, cotton, and other products and resources.

Trade with, and eventual political dominance of large parts of India, was what provided Britain with large parts of its wealth in the 1700s through 1900s.

But how exactly did this happen?

I will be exploring answers to this question in this post.

The historical Mughal Empire occupied what corresponds to the modern countries in South Asia of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.

I am going to begin this post on the theft of India and the legacy of the Mughal Empire with first of the East India Companies of Europe- the British East India Company.

The British East India Company held a monopoly granted to it by Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1600 between South Africa’s Cape of Good Hope and Tierra del Fuego’s Cape Horn at the southern tip of South America, until 1834 when the monopoly was lost.

It was initially formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region with the East Indies, which was the Indian subcontinent and southeast Asia, seized control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent, and ruled the beginnings of the British Empire in India.

Its three Presidency Armies totalled an estimated 260,000 soldiers, twice the size of the British Army at the time.

It ceased operations on June 1st of 1874 when it was dissolved.

The British East India Company ruled over parts of the Indian Subcontinent between 1757 and 1858, commencing after the 1757 Battle of Plassey, called a decisive victory over the Nawab of Bengal, and this was considered to be the start of British Imperialism in India, and a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas there.

The British East India Company first arrived in India at Madras in 1600, making it their principal settlement, and we are told, constructed Fort St. George in 1644.

Madras has been known as Chennai since 1996.

The British India Company was said to have come here in order to have a port close to the Malaccan Straits, the main shipping channel between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, and to secure its trade lines and commercial interests in the spice trade.

It is one of the most important shipping lanes in the world.

They succeeded in their securing their goals, as the British East India Company obtained the Prince of Wales Island in the Malaccan Strait.

Prince of Wales Island is known today as Penang Island, the main constituent island of the Malaysian state of Penang.

Apparently the British East India Company was able to successfully take what they named the Prince of Wales Island from the Kedah Sultanate in 1786, which became the capital of the Straits Settlements, a group of British territories in Southeast Asia established in 1826, including Melaka and Singapore.

The Kedah Sultanate was an historical Muslim dynasty located in the Malay Peninsula, said to have dated as an independent state from 1136 AD.

Its monarchy was abolished with the formation of the Malayan Union in 1909, but restored and added to the Federation of Malaya in 1963.

The Madras Presidency, or the Presidency of Fort St. George, was an administrative subdivision of British India, and established in 1652.

At its greatest extent, the Madras Presidency included most of southern India, including the whole of the states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh; parts of Odisha, Kerala, and Karnataka; and the union territory of Lakshadweep, a group of islands off India’s southwestern coast, and the northern part of Ceylon, called Sri Lanka since 1972.

The Madras Presidency ended with the advent of Indian independence on August 15th of 1947.

Elihu Yale became President of the Madras Presidency in 1684.

Elihu Yale was a British merchant, trader, and a President of the British East India Company settlement at Fort St. George…

…who later became a benefactor of the Collegiate School in the Colony of Connecticut, which in 1718 was renamed Yale College in his honor.

As a noteworthy aside, the Skull and Bones Society was founded as an undergraduate senior secret student society at Yale in 1832.

The Palk Bay and Palk Strait separating the southern end of the Tamil Nadu State and northern Sri Lanka were named for Sir Robert Palk, an officer in the British East India Company who served as the President of the Madras Presidency between 1755 and 1763.

Under the Provisions of Pitt’s India Act of 1785, which brought the East India Company’s rule in India under the control of the British Government, Madras became one of the three provinces established by the British East India company, whose leader became ”Governor ” instead of “President” because the “Governor-General” in Calcutta, the monarch’s representative, became the superior office of authority.

 William Petrie was an officer in the British East India Company in Madras in the 1780s.

An amateur astronomer, he was given the credit for making the first modern astronomical observations outside of Europe in Madras in 1786.

We are told his home observatory and instruments contributed to the first modern observatory outside of Europe, the Madras Observatory, shown here, said to have been built around 1792, with the first observations on the meridian being in 1793, said to have been designed by Michael Topping, the Chief Marine Surveyor of Fort St. George in Madras.

The Madras Observatory was described as having a single room that was 40-feet, or 12-meters, long and 20-feet, or 6-meters, wide, with a 15-foot, or 5-meter, high ceiling, as well as a granite pillar weighing 10-tons, or 9-metric tonnes, in the center of the room.

Seriously, a 10-ton granite Pillar?

Well, the granite pillar still exists in the present-day, with an engraving by those said to have erected it.

Could some kind of sand-blasting technology been used on an already existing granite pillar?

At any rate, this massive granite pillar is found on the grounds of the present-day Regional Meteorological Centre in Chennai, though the original building of the Madras Observatory no longer exists.

Another observatory in South India is the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory…

…located in the Palani Hills, southwest of Vellore in Tamil Nadu State.

Founded in April of 1899, legend has it that the observatory’s 6-inch telescope was said to have been brought on foot by four men who climbed steep valleys and braved the attack of wild animals, carrying the telescope on their shoulders for almost three-months.

It is interesting to note that there are abandoned observatories dotting the landscape of the hills behind Kodaikanal.

Vedic astronomy has ancient roots in India…

…going back at the very least thousands of years.

Yet they want us to believe the British East India Company brought the science of astronomy to India?

Here are some other historical events that were said to have taken place during the time period of the Madras Presidency.

Nandidurg, an ancient hilltop fortress in Karnataka State’s Nandi Hills , was at one time believed to have been impregnable…

…but was successfully stormed by the Army of General Charles Cornwallis in 1791, the 1st Marquess of Cornwallis in the Third Anglo-Mysore War, a conflict in South India between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore, and the same General Cornwallis famous for being defeated at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781, and being forced to surrender, basically ending the American Revolutionary War.

In spite of his loss and surrender to the Americans in the Revolutionary War, Cornwallis was knighted in 1786, and in the same year became the British Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief in India.

The Nandi Hills later became a resort for British Raj officials during the hot season.

The Kingdom of Mysore was said to have been founded in 1399, and was a princely state from 1799 to 1950, and in direct control by the British starting in 1831.

Mysore was said to be considered among the more developed and urbanized regions of India.

There were all together four Anglo-Mysore Wars between the Kingdom of Mysore, and the British East India’s Madras Presidency and neighboring Kingdoms fighting against Mysore.

After the fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799, Mysore was dismantled to the benefit of the British East India Company in the process of taking control of much of the Indian subcontinent.

The first significant rebellion against British rule erupted at Vellore Fort in 1806, known as the Vellore Mutiny, or Vellore Sepoy Mutiny.

While it only lasted one day, it was the first instance of a large-scale and violent mutiny by Indian Sepoys against the British East India Company.

The Sepoys, Indian soldiers fighting under British orders, seized the Vellore Fort, and killed or wounded 200 British soldiers, but the mutiny was subdued by the end of the day by cavalry and artillery from another nearby British unit.

This pillar at Hazrath Makkaan Junction in Vellore commemorates the 1806 Vellore Mutiny.

The Vellore Fort is known for its grand ramparts, wide moat, and robust masonry.

The fort’s ownership was said to have passed from the Karnata Empire to the Bijapur Sultans, to the Marathas, to the Carnatic Nawabs, and finally to the British…who held the fort until India gained independence in 1947.

More about what that “independence” from Great Britain actually looked like later in this post.

The Kingdom of Kandy was said to have been founded in 1469.

This map is described to be that Sri Lanka in the 1520s, known previously as Ceylon.

In 1592, Kandy became the capital city of the last remaining independent kingdom in Ceylon after the coast regions had been conquered by the Portuguese.

From that time, the Kingdom of Kandy kept the Portuguese and Dutch East India Company at bay, but succumbed finally to British colonial rule when the kingdom was absorbed into the British Empire as a protectorate via the Kandyan Convention of 1815, an agreement signed between the British and members of the King’s court which ceded the kingdom’s territory to British rule, and the last king was imprisoned.

Ceylon was a British Protectorate until its independence in 1948, and the name of the country was changed to Sri Lanka when it became a republic in 1972.

The last King of Kandy in Ceylon was Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe.

He hwas arrested by the British in 1815, and in January of 1816, he and his families were sent to the Madras Presidency on the HMS Cornwallis, the same ship on which the Treaty of Nanking, or Nanjing, between the British Empire and China would be signed after China’s defeat, after the First Opium War in 1842.

The Muthu Mandapam, or Pearl Hall, located on the banks of the Palar River in the Tamil Nadu State’s city of Vellore. is the resting place of the last King of Kandy in Ceylon, and a place where Sri Lankans today journey to in order to pay their respects to him.

The Kandyan Convention was signed in the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic.

Also known simply as the Temple of the Tooth, it houses the tooth of the Buddha, venerated as the Buddha’s only surviving relic.

It was believed that whoever holds the relic, holds the governance of the country.

The Temple of the Tooth, or Sri Dalada Maligawa, is part of the Royal Palace Complex of the former Kingdom of Kandy, located on a canal…

…extending from Kandy Lake, also known as the Kiri Muhuda, or Sea of Milk…

…an artificial lake, and said to have been built next to the Temple of the Tooth by the last King of Kandy in 1807.

After the kingdom’s downfall, the Royal Palace of Kandy became the residence for the primary British agent, and nowadays is a museum of archeology.

Next, I am going to mention the Dutch East India Company and its connection to Mughal Bengal.

On March 20, 1602, Dutch East India Company was chartered to trade with India and Southeast Asian countries when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly for the Dutch spice trade. 

Also known as the VOC, or Veerenigde Oostindische Compagnie, it was chartered as a company to trade primarily with Mughal Subah, or Mughal Bengal, which includes modern Bangladesh, and the West Bengal state of Modern India.

It has often been labelled a trading or shipping company, but was in fact a proto-conglomerate, diversifying into multiple commercial and industrial activities, such as international trade, ship-building, production and trade of East Indian spices, Indonesian coffee, Formosan (Taiwan) sugar-cane, and South African wine.

The first formally listed public company by widely issuing shares of stock and bonds to the general public in the early 1600s, it was the world’s most valuable company of all-time, with a worth of $7.9-trillion.

It is considered by many to be to have been the forerunner of modern corporations.

Chartered to trade primarily with Mughal Bengal, from where 50% of textiles and 80% of silks were imported, Mughal Bengal was described as a “Paradise of Nations,” and its inhabitants living standards were among the highest in the world at one time…

…and for comparison, a typical photo of the poverty found in Bangladesh today.

The borders of the country of Bangladesh were the major portion of the historic region of Bengal, an ancient civilization dating back at least 4,000 years.

“The Presidency of Fort William,” was first established in Calcutta in 1699.

Calcutta, or Kolkata today, is the capital largest city of what is now the Indian State of West Bengal, and the largest Bengali-speaking city after Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.

Interesting to note that Kolkata is the only city in India with a public tram service that is still in operation.

We are told that Tram Transport in India was established in the late 19th-century by the British…and that between the 1930s and 1960s, the other acknowledged electric tram services in Madras, Cawnpore, Delhi, and Bombay were discontinued.

In Dhaka, This building is what is called the Pink Palace, or Ahsan Manzil, in Dhaka, and was the official palace and seat of the Nawab of Dhaka, with construction of it said to have started in 1859, and completed in 1872.

The Pink Palace in Dhaka is described as having been constructed in the Indo-Saracenic Revival architecture style, also known as Indo-Gothic, Mughal-Gothic, and Hindoo Style, and was said to have been utilized by British architects in India in the later 19th-century, especially in public and government buildings.

This is the Kamalapur train station in Dhaka, with its gigantic archways.

It was said to have been designed and opened in the 1960s.

The railroad is an important mode of transportation in Bangladesh.

Dhaka was one of several places given the nickname “Venice of the East.”

This is a painting of Dhaka that was dated as 1861.

We are told that there are three major canal systems in Bangladesh that drain into the three major rivers around Dhaka – the Turag; the Balu; and the Buriganga rivers.

This is what the Kallyanpur canal looks like today.

Lalbagh Fort in Dhaka was said to be an incomplete 17th-century fort complex, with work starting on it said to have begun in 1678.

The main buildings of the complex consist of the mosque…

…what is called the Tomb or Mausoleum of Bibi Pari…

…and the Diwan-i-Aam.

Below the Diwan-i-Aam in this picture, it looks like there might be a megalithic wall, but it is hard to tell for sure and I can’t find a better picture than this of what shows up there.

The Bengal Presidency emerged from trading posts established in Mughal Bengal starting in 1612, in the reign of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir.

This portrait of Jahangir with the radiant halo around his head is not only typical of other portraits of Jahangir, it was typical of other Mughal Emperors as well.

The Mughals were Sufis, facts about both of which have been greatly obscured in the historical narrative.

Who are the Sufis?

Mystics, and practitioners of the inward dimension of Islam.

Sufism emphasizes personal experience with the Divine, and concentrating one’s energy on spiritual development.

Back to Bengal.

During the 18th-century, the Nawabs of Bengal were among the wealthiest rulers in the world, and governed as independent monarchs within the Mughal Empire, though they contributed the largest share of funds to the imperial treasury in Delhi.

Bengal Subah became the base for not only the British & Dutch East India Companies, but for other European trading companies as well – the French East India company; the Danish East India company; the Austrian East India Company; and the Ostend Company.

In 1757, the British East India Company overthrew the hereditary Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, in the Battle of Plassey.

The Nawab’s defeat was made possible by the defection of his Commander-in-Chief, Mir Jafar, and several others.

As a reward for his defection, Mir Jafar was installed as the first dependent Nawab of Bengal of the British East India Company, who in-turn ceded revenues to what was called the “Company.”

This marked the beginning of Company-rule in India and its expansion across India, and by the mid-19th-century, the paramount political and military power.

The Bengal Presidency, also known as the “Presidency of Fort William” stretched all the way across northern India at one time…

…where one of the earliest railways said to have been constructed in India was the Solani Aqueduct Railway in 1851, which we are told was built for…

…the purposes of transporting construction materials for the Solani River Aqueduct.

Proby Cautley, an English engineer and paleontologist, and an officer in the British East India Company, was given the historical credit not only for the building of the Solani Aqueduct…

…but also the 350-mile, or 563-kilometer Ganges Canal between 1843 and 1854,which the aqueduct crosses, said to have had the greatest discharge of any irrigation canal in the world at the time of its construction, and described as an engineering marvel.

The Bengal Presidency ultimately became the the economic, cultural, and educational hub of the British Raj, the name given to rule of the British Crown in India between 1858 and 1947, and its governor was concurrently the Viceroy of India for many years.

In 1905, Bengal Proper was partitioned, separating largely Muslim areas eastern areas from largely western Hindu areas.

In 1912, British India was reorganized and the Bengal Presidency was reunited with a single Bengali-speaking province.

This first partitioning of Bengal seems to have been a human- and social-engineering project and a practice run for the 1947 Boundary Partition of India.

The Partition of India in 1947 divided British India into the Union of India and the Dominion of Pakistan along religious lines, displacing 10 – 12 million people and creating overwhelming refugee crises in the newly constituted dominions, as well as large-scale violence.

It involved the division of two provinces – Punjab and Bengal – based on district-wise non-Muslim or Muslim majorities, and resulted in the dissolution of the British Raj.

More on this later.

The third of the three Presidencies in India was the Bombay Presidency.

We are told that Bombay was ceded by Portugal as part of the dowry for Princess Catherine of Braganza upon her marriage King Charles II in 1662, and in 1668 it was transferred to the British East India Company.

In 1674, the part of western India where we find Bombay was part of the Maratha Empire, which was established that year under the leadership of Shivaji when the Marathas ended Mughal Control of the Subcontinent.

The Mughal Emperor at that time, Aurangzeb, was also a Sufi.

The Tomb of Aurangzeb, considered the last of the strong Mughal Emperors, is a short distance from the rock-cut Ellora Cave-Temple Complex in Khuldabad.

His burial site is located on at the complex of the dargah, or shrine, of Sheikh Zainuddin, a Sufi saint of the Dahkan, also known as Deccan, of India, and the spiritual and religious teacher of Aurangzeb.

As a matter of fact, Khuldabad is popularly known as the “Valley of Saints” because several Sufi saints resided there in the 14th-century.

At any rate, the first of three Anglo-Maratha Wars between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire started in 1775.

Lasting seven years, it was considered a defeat for the British East India Company, and ended with the Treaty of Salbai in May of 1782, with terms favorable to both parties.

After the Treaty of Salbai, there were twenty years of peace between the two.

The five Maratha chiefs, however, were engaged in internal quarrels between themselves, and one of them, Baji Rao II of the Scindia, fled to the British East India Company for protection after the 1802 Battle of Poona where his army was defeated, which was a battle between rival factions of the Scindia and the Holkars within the Maratha Empire.

Baji Rao II signed the Treaty of Bassein with the British East India Company in which he ceded land for the maintenance of a subsidiary force and agreed to make no treaties with any other power.

This solved his immediate problem, but other Maratha chiefs were not happy about the situation, and this led to the start of the Second-Anglo-Maratha War in August of 1803.

British troops captured the walled town of the Pettah of Ahmednagar on August 8th, and the Ahmednagar fort on August 12th.

Arthur Wellesley was one of the British commanders of these troops.

He later became famous as the Duke of Wellington, one of the commanders who defeated Napoleon at Waterloo, ending the Napoleonic wars, and he was Prime Minister of Great Britain twice.

Interesting.

Could Arthur Wellesley and Napoleon have both been Freemasons?

If so, what could this imply?

Perhaps something like they were playing both ends against the middle.

Back to India and the Second Anglo-Maratha War.

British forces continued on victorious in battle with different Maratha clans.

By October of 1803, the British had captured Asigarh Fort near Delhi.

The Maratha clans continued to lose their lands in one treaty after another, with all of them being defeated and losing territory by the end of the Second Anglo-Maratha War in December of 1805.

The Third Anglo-Maratha War from November of 1817 to April of 1819 resulted in the decimation of the Maratha armies .

British victories were swift and by the end of the war, the British East India Company had taken control, in one form or another, including annexation to the Bombay Presidency in some cases, all of the Maratha Territories.

Then there was the Punjab and the Sikhs.

The Punjab is a historical region of South Asia, in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, and was the cradle of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, which was largely in modern Pakistan.

Lahore is the capital city of the Punjab Province of Pakistan.

The Walled City of Lahore, also known as the Old City, forms the historic core of Lahore, and was the capital of the Mughal Empire at one time.

Here’s a view of the Walled Imperial City of Lahore on the left showing what looks to be very similar to a star city configuration, like the example of another Imperial City, Hue in Viet Nam, on the right.

The Great Exhibition of the Works of All Nations, held in the Crystal Palace Exhibition in 1851 was also known as “The Great Shalimar,”which was a reference to the Mughal Garden complex in Lahore.

Both places, at the Lahore Mughal Gardens and on the 1851 Great Exhibition brochure, have eight-pointed stars and similar design-patterns.

Lahore Fort passed to British when they annexed the Punjab region following their victory over the Sikhs in the Battle of Gujrat in February of 1849.

The Battle of Gujrat was part of the Second Anglo-Sikh War, a military conflict between the Sikhs and the British East India Company,

The Second Anglo-Sikh War took place between 1848 and 1849.

This is what we are told.

The Sikh Empire had replaced the Mughal Empire in the Punjab when the Sikh Maharaja Ranjit Singh captured Lahore in 1799, and it was the last major region on the Indian subcontinent to be annexed by the British.

The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikhs and the British East India company in 1845 and 1846.

The Sikhs lost the war, and as a result ceded “Jammu and Kashmir” to the British as a Princely State as a tributary state to the British.

The Second Anglo-Sikh War resulted in the dissolution of the Sikh Empire into Princely States and into the British Province of Punjab, and eventually a Lieutenant-Governorship was formed in Lahore as a direct representative of the British Crown.

We are told the Indus Valley Civilization flourished in the basins of the Indus River between 3300 and 1300 BC, which originates on the Tibetan Plateau near Mount Kailash, and ultimately flows along the entire length of Pakistan to the Arabian Sea.

The ancient civilization that flourished here was also known as the Harappan Civilization, after Harappa considered the type, or model, site of the civilization.

Harappa was on the Ravi River, southwest of Lahore.

There is said to be a legacy railroad station in the modern village of Harappa, dating from the British Raj…

…on the Lahore-Multan Railway, construction of which was said to have begun in 1855.

The discovery of Harappa, and soon afterwards Mohenjo-Daro, was said to be the culmination of work beginning in 1861, with the founding of the Archeological Survey of India during the British Raj.

Mohenjo-Daro was one of the largest cities of the ancient Harappan civilization of the Indus River Valley, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site, said to have been built starting in 2500 BC and one of the world’s earliest major cities.

Here’s the thing about the cities of the Harappan Civilization.

They were known for their urban-planning, baked-brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water-supply systems, clusters of large, non-residential buildings, and metallurgy.

I even read where they even had street-lights, and extremely accurate systems of weights and measures.

Between 3300 and 1300 BC?

A major uprising took place in northern India between 1857 and 1859 against the rule of the British East India Company and was ultimately unsuccessful.

The last Mughal Emperor in India, Bahadur Shah Zafar, also devout Sufi, was deposed by the British East India Company in 1858, and exiled to Rangoon in Burma.

Through the Government of India Act of 1858, the British Crown assumed direct control of the British East India Company-held territories in India in the form of the new British Raj.

The Criminal Tribes Act was first passed by the British Colonial Government in 1871.

It criminalized entire communities by designating them as habitual criminals, and restrictions on their movements imposed, including men having to report to the police once per week.

By 1874, the British East India was officially dissolved as a result of the 1873 East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act passed by Parliament, after its liquidation had been set in motion by the 1858 Government of India Act at which time the Company’s governmental responsibilities were formally transferred to the British Crown.

Interesting to note that this 10 ounces of silver commemorating the East India Company that was minted in 2021 on the little British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic Ocean of the island of Saint Helena has ley-lines showing on it.

Older maps like those of the Catalan Atlas show ley-lines, but they started to go away with the maps and globes of Gerardus Mercator in the mid-to-late 1500s.

In 1876, Queen Victoria assumed the title of Empress of India.

King-Emperor and Queen-Empress were the titles used by the British monarchs in India between 1876 and 1948.

As one example that I know of, the Criminal Tribes Act was used to take-down the ruling tribe of what is Udaipur State in Rajasthan in northern India.

The city of Udaipur, also known as the “City of the Lakes,” also had the nickname of “Venice of the East.”

The Bhil Minas, one of the oldest communities in India and inhabitants of the ancient Indus River Valley civilization, are today among the most economically deprived peoples of India.

As a matter of fact, the ruins of Balathal in the Udaipur District were from what was connected the Ahar-Banas Culture of the Harappans of Indus River Valley, one of at least 90 Ahar Culture sites in the basins of the Ahar and Banas rivers…

…and where the skeletal remains of a 2,700-year-old yogi were found, sitting in a state of what is called “samadhi,” a meditative consciousness in which human consciousness becomes one with cosmic consciousness.

The Bhil Minas tribe was the ruling tribe before the Kachhawaha clan of Rajputs, otherwise known as the Mewar Kingdom, forced them to hide out in the Aravalli Hills surrounding Udaipur, and they were named a criminal tribe by the British government in 1924 to keep them from regaining power over the Rajputs.

They were subsequently given protection as a Scheduled Tribe after the upliftment in 1949 of the Criminal Tribe Act, which had been enacted on October 12th of 1871.

A Scheduled Tribe is recognized by the Indian Constitution, have political representation, and yet they are legally totally or partially excluded from various types of services important for leading a healthy life, and altogether, the Scheduled Tribes of India make-up almost 10% of the population, and are considered India’s poorest people.

Delhi is an ancient city and the seat of the Mughal Empire.

New Delhi was said to have been built by the British between 1911 and 1931, after the laying of the foundation stone by…

…King-Emperor George V of India, during the Delhi Durbar of 1911, an Indian imperial-style mass-assembly organized by the British at Coronation Park to mark his accession as Emperor of India.

The Gateway of India in Mumbai, the former Bombay, was said to have been erected starting in 1913 to commemorate the landing in December 2011 of King-Emperor George V and Queen-Empress Mary at the Apollo Bunder Pier.

Amritsar in India’s Punjab State is only 51-miles, or 31-kilometers, from Lahore.

Amritsar is home to the Harmandir Sahib, or the “Abode of God,” otherwise known as the Golden Temple…

…where it sits on an artificial island in the middle of a perfectly square, definitely manmade-looking, water configuration.

For Sikhs, it is the holiest Gurdwara, a place of assembly and worship, and most important pilgrimage site, with construction initiated in 1581 by Guru Ram Das, the fourth of the ten gurus of Sikhism, and founder of the Holy City of Amritsar in Sikh tradition.

The Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, an historic garden and memorial of national importance located in the vicinity of the Golden Temple complex, was the location of the famous massacre in Amritsar in 1919…

…when a British commander ordered troops of the British Indian Army to fire their rifles into a crowd of unarmed civilians during a festival time, killing at least 400 and injuring over 1,000.

Some historians considered the massacre at Jallianwala Bagh a decisive step towards the end of British rule in India.

As previously mentionedt , the Partition of India in 1947 divided British India into the Hindu-majority Union of India and the Muslim-majority Dominion of Pakistan; displaced 10 – 12 million people in forced mass migrations to the newly-constituted dominions; and created overwhelming refugee crises, as well as large-scale violence, thereby establishing the conditions for suspicion and hostility between these two countries that has existed into the present-day.

This movement of people started right after India’s official Independence Day from Great Britain on August 15th of 1947.

So much for the non-violent independence movement Mahatma Gandhi had led for 25-years prior, and Gandhi himself was assassinated on January 30th of 1948.

What was the fate of India’s Princely States that did not initially get absorbed into the new Union of India in the 1947 Partition?

One of those Princely States was Hyderabad on the Deccan Plateau.

This is a view of the Salar Jung Museum in Hyderabad showing masonry banks on the Musi River.

The Salar Jung Museum is described as having the largest collection of antiques belonging to a single person, said to have been sourced from Nawab Mir Yusuf Ali Khan Salar Jung III, former prime minister of the 7th Nizam, the title of the ruler of what was then the princely state of Hyderabad.

The Palace owned by the Nizam of Hyderabad, the Falaknuma Palace, was said to have been built in 1893, and converted into a 5-star hotel in 2010.

As well it houses a large collection of the Nizam of Hyderabad’s treasures, including furniture, paintings, statues, books and manuscripts.

The official residence of the Nizams of Hyderabad was the Chowmahalla Palace, said to have been built starting in 1750.

The Golconda Fort in Hyderabad is described as a 12th-century citadel with four forts, eighty-seven bastions and numerous buildings.

Golconda flourished as a trade center of large diamonds, known as Golconda Diamonds.

It has produced some of the world’s most famous diamonds, including the Koh-i-Noor, one of the largest cut diamonds in the world. This is a glass replica of it…

…because the actual Koh-i-Noor is literally a jewel in the British Crown.

After India gained independence in 1947, the Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, the world’s richest man of his time, declared his intention to remain independent rather than become part of the Indian Union.

The Hyderabad State Congress began to agitate against him, with the support of the Indian National Congress and Communist Party of India, and in 1948, the Indian Army invaded Hyderabad, and he ended up surrendering to the Indian Union, signing a instrument of Accession which made him a Princely Governor of Hyderabad until October 31st of 1956.

Then on November 1st of 1956, Hyderabad was split into three parts, and merged into neighboring states. Eventually, the Telengana State, of which Hyderabad is the capital, was formed on June 2nd of 2014.

As always, there’s so much more but this gives you the idea.

While I can’t say with certainty that all of this is what actually happened because we have been lied to about everything, I can say with certainty that it is what the historical narrative tells us happened, minus a lot of detail.

The history we have been given filled with details, so many details that it will make your head spin.

It’s almost as if the Controllers are trying to convince us of the validity of their reset narrative by how detailed it is.

The issue is not the number of details.

The issue is that the physical evidence provided by the incredible infrastructure of the ancient advanced Moorish civilization, not only of India but all over the world, tells us a completely different story from what the Controllers have told us to believe about about them bringing in everything in existence.

But I will say that the official narrative does clearly show how the theft of India & the legacy of the Mughal Empire was accomplished, and how its people have been extremely regressed from what they once were.

Lastly, there are two points of information related to the British East India Company and the present-day that I would like bring up.

The first is the flag of the British East India Company on the top left, and its resemblance to the flag of the United States on the bottom right.

The second is that like the British East India Company, the nickname for the CIA is also “the Company.”

Coincidences…or not?

Points to ponder.